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Computer Network Notes

The document covers key concepts in computer networks and data communications, including transmission errors, CRC coding, and various modulation techniques. It also discusses network types, protocols like HDLC and PPP, and differences between TCP and UDP. Additionally, it addresses subnetting, routing methods, and error detection mechanisms such as Hamming Code.

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manzilbyanju111
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2 views2 pages

Computer Network Notes

The document covers key concepts in computer networks and data communications, including transmission errors, CRC coding, and various modulation techniques. It also discusses network types, protocols like HDLC and PPP, and differences between TCP and UDP. Additionally, it addresses subnetting, routing methods, and error detection mechanisms such as Hamming Code.

Uploaded by

manzilbyanju111
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

COMPUTER NETWORK & DATA COMMUNICATIONS

1(a) Errors in Transmission

- Caused by noise, attenuation, distortion, crosstalk

Types:

1. Single-bit error: one bit changes

2. Burst error: multiple bits change

1(b) CRC

Data: 1101011011

Divisor: 1011

CRC Code: 1101011011100

2(a) Sliding Window

- Allows multiple frames before ACK

Types:

- Go-Back-N

- Selective Repeat

2(b) Analog Modulation

- AM: amplitude varies

- FM: frequency varies

- PM: phase varies

3. Subnetting ([Link]/24)

27 hosts → /27

23 hosts → /27

16 hosts → /28

5 hosts → /29

4. Network Types

LAN - small

MAN - city

WAN - large
PAN - personal

5. HDLC & PPP

HDLC: bit-oriented protocol

PPP: authentication, error detection

6. Leaky vs Token Bucket

Leaky: constant rate

Token: allows burst

7. Routing

Distance Vector (RIP)

Link State (OSPF)

Dijkstra → shortest path

8. IPv4

Fields: version, TTL, protocol, IP

9. Hamming Code

Error detection and correction

10. TCP vs UDP

TCP: reliable

UDP: fast

11. Notes

Firewall → security

UDP → connectionless

HTTP → web protocol

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