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Propability Problems

The document contains a series of probability problems and their solutions, including scenarios involving coin tosses, dice rolls, and selections from a group of students. Each problem is presented with a clear solution that outlines the calculations and reasoning used to arrive at the probability. References to external resources for further practice are also included.

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manal4931
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3 views6 pages

Propability Problems

The document contains a series of probability problems and their solutions, including scenarios involving coin tosses, dice rolls, and selections from a group of students. Each problem is presented with a clear solution that outlines the calculations and reasoning used to arrive at the probability. References to external resources for further practice are also included.

Uploaded by

manal4931
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Manal Ibrahim Hamammu

4931

Digital Communications
63244

Problems in
Propability
2026
Problem 1 Problem 2
If a coin is thrown two times, what is the There are 7 purple clips and 5 brown clips. Two clips
probability that at least one tail is are selected one by one without replacement. Find
obtained? the probability that the first is brown and the second
is purple.

Solution Solution
Sample space = [TT, TH, HT, HH] P (B) × P (P) = (5/12) x (7/11) = 35/132
Total number of ways = 2 × 2 = 4.
Favorite Cases = 3
P (A) = 3/4
Problem 3 Problem 4
Find the probability of getting a sum A coin is tossed 2 times. Find P(Y/X) if X = at least one
head and Y = no tail.
of 8 when two dice are thrown.

Solution Solution
Total number of ways = 6 × 6 Sample Space for 2-coin toss is:
= 36 ways. S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
X = {HH, HT, TH} and Y = {HH}
Favorable cases = (2, 6) (6, 2)
Thus, P(X) = 3/4,
(3, 5) (5, 3) (4, 4) --- 5 ways. P(Y) = 1/4, and
P (A) = 5/36 = 5/36 P(X∩Y) = 1/4
Thus, P(Y/X) = (1/4) / (3/4)
⇒ P(Y/X) = 1 / 3
Problem 5 Problem 6
Evaluate P(X∪Y), if 3P(X) = P(Y) = 2/5 If P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.7 and P(A∩B) = 0.1 then find
P(A/B) and P(B / A).
and P(X/Y) = 4/5.

Solution
Solution
3P(X) = 2/5
⇒ P(X) = 2/15 P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.7 and P(A∩B) = 0.1
and P(Y) = 2/5 Thus, P(A / B) = P(A∩B) / P(B)
Using Formula, P(X∩Y) = P(X / Y) × P(Y) ⇒ P(A / B) = 0.1 / 0.7
⇒ P(X∩Y) = 4/5 × 2/5 ⇒ P(A / B) = 1 / 7
⇒ P(X∩Y) = 8/25 and P(B / A) = P(A∩B) / P(A)
Now, P(X∪Y) = P(X) + P(Y) - P(X∩Y) ⇒ P(B / A) = 0.1 / 0.3
⇒ P(X∪Y) = 2/15 + 2/5 - 8/25 ⇒ P(B / A) = 1 / 3
⇒ P(X∪Y) = 16/75
Problem 7
There are 30 students in a class, 15 are boys and 15 are girls. In the final exam, 5 boys and 4 girls made an
A grade. If a student is chosen at random from the class, what is the probability of choosing a girl or an 'A-
grade student?

Solution
Here, the total number of boys = 15 and the total number of girls = 15
Also, girls getting A grade = 4 and boys getting an A grade = 5
Probability of choosing a girl = 15/30
Probability of choosing A grade student= 9/30
Now, an A-grade student chosen can be a girl.
So, the probability of choosing it = 4/30
Required probability of choosing a girl or an A-grade student
= 15/30 + 9/30 - 4/30
= 1/2 + 3/10 - 2/15
= 2/3
Refrences
 For Problems 4, 5 & 6: [Link]

question/ Question number 1, 6 and 9.

 For Problems 1, 2, 3 &12: [Link] Questions 6,

7, 8 and 12.

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