main.

java
Line-by-line code explanation — Presentation Reference

In one sentence: This is the entry point of the application. It launches the login screen, handles the login
button action by checking the database, and if successful, switches the user to the dashboard.

CODE EXPLANATION

■ IMPORTS — LINES 1–11

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Makes this class a JavaFX app — gives it the ability to
launch and show windows.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Allows use of @FXML — connects code variables to the
GUI in Scene Builder.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Used to load FXML screen files ([Link],

[Link]).

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Parent is the base type for any loaded FXML screen
layout.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Scene is the container that holds the screen content
shown in the window.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Allows use of text input boxes — used for the username
field.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Like TextField but hides the typed text — used for the
password field.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Allows use of clickable buttons — used for the login
button.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Stage is the app window — used to swap between the
login and dashboard screens.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Handles errors when loading FXML files — e.g. file not
found.

import [Link]; [IMPORT] Used to safely check that the FXML file path is not null
before loading.

■■ CLASS DECLARATION — LINE 14

[Link] — Code Explanation Page 1

 public class main extends Application { [CLASS] main is the class name. extends Application means it
inherits JavaFX's app launcher — giving it the ability to open
windows and run as a desktop app.

■ FXML FIELDS — LINES 17–19

@FXML private TextField usernameField; [FIELD] Links the username text box in the GUI to this variable in
code.

@FXML private PasswordField passwordField; [FIELD] Links the password box in the GUI to this variable. Text is
hidden as the user types.

@FXML private Button loginButton; [FIELD] Links the Login button in the GUI to this variable — used
later to get the window.

■ START() METHOD — LINES 21–27

@Override public void start(Stage [METHOD] start() is the first method JavaFX calls when the app
primaryStage) throws Exception { launches. primaryStage is the main app window. throws
Exception means errors can bubble up.

Parent root = [Link]([Link] [METHOD] Loads the login screen layout from [Link].
reNonNull(getClass().getResource("[Link] requireNonNull crashes early with a clear error if the file can't be
l"))); found.

[Link]("Green Acres - [METHOD] Sets the title text shown in the top bar of the app
Login"); window.

[Link](new Scene(root, 600, [METHOD] Puts the loaded login screen into the window. Sets the
400)); window size to 600px wide × 400px tall.

[Link](); [METHOD] Makes the window visible — shows the login screen to
the user.

■ HANDLELOGIN() METHOD — LINES 29–52

public void handleLogin() { [ACTION] This method runs when the Login button is clicked.

String username = [Link](); [ACTION] Reads whatever the user typed into the username box
and stores it.

String passwords = [Link](); [ACTION] Reads whatever the user typed into the password box
and stores it.

[Link]("Checking database for: [ACTION] Prints a message to the console showing which
" + username); username is being checked.

if ([Link](username, [DATABASE] Sends the username and password to the database

passwords)) { to check if they match. Returns true if valid, false if not.

[Link] — Code Explanation Page 2

 [Link]("LOGIN SUCCESS! Welcome [ACTION] If login is correct, prints a success message to the
to Green Acres."); console.

FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass [NAVIGATE] Prepares to load the dashboard screen file.
().getResource("[Link]"));

Parent root = [Link](); [NAVIGATE] Actually loads the dashboard screen layout into
memory.

Stage stage = (Stage) [NAVIGATE] Gets the current app window by going through the
[Link]().getWindow(); login button.

Scene scene = new Scene(root); [NAVIGATE] Creates a new Scene (screen) using the loaded
dashboard layout.

[Link](scene); [Link](); [NAVIGATE] Replaces the login screen with the dashboard and
shows it.

} catch (IOException e) { [ERROR] If the dashboard file can't be loaded, prints an error
[Link](...); } instead of crashing the app.

} else { [Link]("LOGIN FAILED. [ACTION] If the username or password is wrong, prints a failure
Incorrect credentials."); } message. Nothing else happens — user stays on the login
screen.

■■ MAIN() METHOD — LINES 55–57

public static void main(String[] args) { [METHOD] The very first method Java runs when the program
starts.

launch(args); [METHOD] Calls JavaFX's built-in launch method — this starts the
app and calls start() automatically.

How the whole file works — step by step

1. Java runs main() → calls launch().
2. JavaFX calls start() → loads [Link] and shows the login window.
3. User types username and password and clicks Login.
4. handleLogin() reads the form values and sends them to [Link]().
5. If correct → loads [Link] and switches the screen to the dashboard.
6. If wrong → prints a failure message. User stays on the login screen.

[Link] — Code Explanation Page 3