Topic 05: Statistics

Level 01
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Center, Spread and Shape of Distributions
1. The time in minutes, rounded to the nearest minute, that runners took to finish a 3-mile race
is shown in the table below. If the mean finish time was 21 minutes, what is the value of in
this table?
Time in minutes Number of runners
18 1
19 2
20 3
21 6
22
23 2
24 1
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 6
2.

The percentage of on-time flights for each of the 50 largest airlines in the world is plotted above
to the nearest 5 percent. According to the dot plot, which of the following is true?
a. There are an equal number of points to the left of 72.5 as to the right of 72.5, so the
median percentage of on-time flights is 72.5.
b. There are an equal number of points to the left of 72.5 as to the right of 72.5, so the
mean percentage of on-time flights is 72.5.
 c. There is a smaller concentration of points on the left side of the dot plot, so the
median percentage of on-time flights is less than the mean.
d. There is a smaller concentration of points on the left side of the dot plot, so the mean
percentage of on-time flights is less than the median.
3.

The dot plot above depicts the heights in inches of players on a professional basketball team.
What would happen to the standard deviation of the data set if the lowest and highest heights
were removed?
a. It would increase.
b. It would decrease.
c. It would remain the same.
d. There is not enough information to determine the impact on the standard deviation of
the data set.
4. A farmer recorded the total fresh yield, in kilograms per hectare (kg/ha), of several varieties
of onion crops. The table below gives the results. If the farmer tried a new variety, with a
kg/ha yield, how would it affect the median and mean of the crop yields?
Crop Yield (kg/ha)
A 46,400
B 75,000
C 75,930
D 53,130
E 42,530
a. Both the median and the mean will increase.
b. Both the median and the mean will decrease.
c. The median will decrease, but the mean will increase.
d. The median will increase, but the mean will decrease.
5. The box plot above summarizes the resting heart rates, in beats per minute, of the members at
a gym. What is the range of resting heart rates?
 a. 16 beats per minute
b. 31 beats per minute
c. 62 beats per minute
d. 70 beats per minute
6.

Judah, a marketing consultant, tracked how many times his customers asked a question during
his sales calls over a one-month period. Based on the results shown in the distribution above,
what was the median number of questions asked?
a. 4
b. 4.5
c. 5
d. 5.5
7.
A class used catapults to launch 2 kinds of gummy candies. The dot plots at left record the
distances the gummy candies travelled, in inches. Which statement best compares the standard
deviations and the means of the distances travelled of the 2 kinds of candies?
a. The worm gummy distances have a greater standard deviation and mean than the fish
gummy distances.
b. The worm gummy distances have a greater standard deviation, but a lower mean than
the fish gummy distances.
c. The fish gummy distances have a greater standard deviation and mean than the worm
gummy distances.
d. The fish gummy distances have a greater standard deviation, but a lower mean than
the worm gummy distances.
8.

An employer wanted to compare the commute times between 1st and 2nd shift employees. Both
shifts had a mean commute of 17 minutes. The histograms to the left summarize the average
commute times of the employees. Which of the following statements best compares the standard
deviations of the shifts?
a. The standard deviations are equal.
b. The standard deviation for the 1st shift employees is greater.
c. The standard deviation for the 2nd shift employees is greater.
d. Histograms do not provide enough information to compare standard deviations.
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Data inferences
1. In a study of 40 randomly selected captive Octopus vulgaris, researchers found that the
octopi could learn to integrate visual and tactile information to find food after a mean of 119
trials. The estimate had a margin of error of 18 trials at a 95% confidence level. Which of the
following is the most reasonable conclusion about the number of trials it would take all
captive Octopus vulgaris in general to learn to find the food?
a. The evidence suggests that half of them would require 119 or fewer trials.
b. The evidence suggests that the mean number of trials would be 119 trials.
c. The evidence suggests that the mean number of trials would be between 119 and 137
trials.
d. The evidence suggests that the mean number of trials would be between 101 and 137
trials.
2. Researchers measured the heart rates of several randomly selected astronauts exercising on
stationary bicycles during long-term space missions. The researchers found the mean heart
rate of the astronauts was 155 beats per minute with a margin of error of 12 beats per minute
at a 90% confidence level. Which of the following is the most plausible value for the mean
heart rate of all astronauts exercising on stationary bicycles during long-term space missions?
a. 130 beats per minute
b. 140 beats per minute
c. 160 beats per minute
d. 175 beats per minute
3. In a poll of 14,697 randomly selected adults in the United States, those polled spent an
average of $95 per day in November of last year, as compared with $91 per day in November
two years ago. The estimates had a margin of error of $4 at the 95% confidence level. Which
of the following is a reasonable claim to make based on this sample?
a. All adults in the United States spent between $91 and $99 daily last November.
b. 95% of adults in the United States spent between $91 and $99 daily last November.
c. It is plausible that average daily spending of adults in the United States remained the
same in November of last year as it was in November two years ago.
d. Between 91% and 99% of adults in the United States spent $4 more daily last
November than in November two years ago.
4. In a particular county, a sample of the population showed that 84% of the households lived in
the same residence as they had the previous year. The estimate had a margin of error of 1.5%
at the 90% confidence level. If the county has 50,000 households, which of the following
best estimates the number of households that lived in the same residence as they had the
previous year, at the 90% confidence level?
 a. 34,500 to 49,500 residents
b. 37,500 to 50,000 residents
c. 41,250 to 42,750 households
d. 44,250 to 45,750 households
5. Prior to the 2014 elections, 1,000 randomly selected Louisiana voters were surveyed about
what single issue would most likely influence their vote. Of those surveyed, 560 voters
answered that the state of the economy would most influence their vote. Based on this
information, which statement about all voters in Louisiana is most appropriate?
a. Exactly 56% of all Louisiana voters thought the state of the economy would most
influence their voting.
b. Approximately 56% of all Louisiana voters thought the state of the economy would
most influence their voting.
c. Exactly 56% of Louisiana voters would vote for the candidate with the best plan to
improve the economy.
d. Approximately 56% of Louisiana voters would vote for the candidate with the best
plan to improve the economy.
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Center, Spread, and Shape of Distributions
1.

A police officer recorded the travel speeds, in miles per hour, of traffic on a major arterial road.
The histogram above shows the number of vehicles driving at each speed. Which statement best
compares the mean and the median of the data?
a. There is no mean value for this data.
b. The mean is greater than the median.
c. The median is greater than the mean.
d. The mean and median are approximately equal.
2. Elena mailed 6 packages, with the following shipping charges:

If she mails a 7th package for $5.61, how will that affect the median shipping charge?
a. The median will remain the same.
b. The median will increase by $0.05.
c. The median will increase by $0.41.
d. The median will increase by $0.60.
3. The table below partially reports the numbers of civil aircraft produced in the United
States during the course of 5 months. If there was a mean of 325 civil aircraft produced
during that time, how many were produced in month B?
Month Civil aircraft produced
A 400
B ?
C 286
 D 350
E 290
a. 300
b. 299
c. 310
d. 295
4.

Adult workers in Los Angeles County were surveyed to see how many vehicles were
available in their household. Data was taken separately for males and females in order to
compare them. According to the bar graph above, which of the following is true?
a. The median number of vehicles available to females is greater than the median
number of vehicles available to males.
b. The median number of vehicles available to males is greater than the median number
of vehicles available to females.
c. The median number of vehicles available to females is equal to the median number of
vehicles available to males.
d. There is not enough information to compare the median number of vehicles available
to females and males.
5.
A class tested their reaction times to catch a falling object. The dot plot above gives their
results, to the nearest tenth of a second. Which statement best compares the median and the
mean for this data?
a. The mean is greater than the median.
b. The median is greater than the mean.
c. The mean and the median are about the same.
d. There is not enough information to determine the mean.
6.

The cost of each house in New Mexico is summarized in the histogram above. Houses that
are worth more than 1 million dollars are not shown due to space limitations. Above 1
million dollars, the number of houses continues to decrease steadily as the cost increases.
What is the range of house costs?
a. 0
b. 150 thousand
c. 1,000 thousand
d. There is not enough information to determine the range.
7.
The age distribution of males and females in Chicago is shown in the bar graph above.
People aged 19 or younger are called "children," people aged 20 to 59 are called "adults,"
and people aged 60 or older are called "seniors." According to the data shown, which of the
following is true?
a. The percentage of male children is less than the percentage of female children, but the
percentage of male adults is greater than the percentage of female adults.
b. The percentage of male children is greater than the percentage of female children, and
the percentage of male adults is greater than the percentage of female adults.
c. The percentage of male children is less than the percentage of female children, but
there is not enough information to compare the percentage of male adults to the
percentage of female adults.
d. The percentage of male children is greater than the percentage of female children, but
there is not enough information to compare the percentage of male adults to the
percentage of female adults.
8. Students at schools in different states calculated the volume of snow that it took to fill
one cup of water after the snow had melted. Their results, in cups, were:

To the nearest tenth of a cup, how much greater was the mean than the median of their
calculations?
9. The table at left partially summarizes the percent of residents in different counties who
participate in performing arts at least once a month. The percentages have a range of
12.9%. What could be the percentage of county G residents who participate in
performing arts at least once a month?
County Percentage
A 9.8%
B 8.8%
C 7.8%
D 5.2%
E 17.3%
F 4.7%
G ?
H 4.7%
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Data Inferences
1. A random sample of 35 four-door passenger vehicles had a mean gas mileage, in miles
per gallon (mpg), of 25.9 mpg. The estimate had a margin of error of 2.6 mpg at a 98%
confidence level. Of the following, which is the most plausible value for the true mean
gas mileage of all four-door passenger vehicles?
a. 24 mpg
b. 29 mpg
c. 32 mpg
d. 35 mpg
2. Based on random samples of river heights, oceanographers estimate that 4,800 cubic
kilometers (km ) of freshwater is discharged into the Arctic Ocean annually. The
estimate has a margin of error of 240 km at the 90% confidence level. Which of the
following is the most reasonable claim about the volume of freshwater discharged
annually into the Arctic Ocean?
a. It is between 4,800 and 5,040 km .
b. It is between 4,560 and 5,040 km .
c. It is between 240 and 4,800 km .
d. It is between 240 and 4,320 km .
3. A survey of 9,000 randomly selected dentists practicing in the United States (US) found
that 3,600 of them used text messaging to remind clients of upcoming appointments. If
there were 147,000 practicing dentists in the US, approximately how many of them used
text messaging for that purpose?
a. 12,600 dentists
b. 58,800 dentists
c. 159,600 dentists
d. 367,500 dentists
4. A random sample of international flights in 2013 showed that 79% of the flights arrived
within 15 minutes of their scheduled arrival time, and this estimate had a margin of error
of 3% at a 95% confidence level. Which of the following conclusions is best?
a. Exactly 79% arrived within 15 minutes of their scheduled times.
b. Exactly 76% arrived within 15 minutes of their scheduled times.
c. Between 76% and 82% arrived within 15 minutes of their scheduled times.
d. Between 92% and 98% arrived within 15 minutes of their scheduled times.
5. In a poll of 1,578 randomly selected American adults, 44.8% of the respondents said that
airlines should allow in-flight calls on airplanes. The poll reported a margin of error of
2.5% at a 95% confidence level. Which of the following is most likely to be equal to the
percentage of all American adults who would say that airlines should allow in-flight
calls?
a. 40%
b. 43%
c. 48%
d. 95%
6. In a survey based on a random sample of high school seniors at Rolling Stone High
School, 70% of those surveyed said they do more than 3 hours of homework per day.
Based on this data, which of the following conclusions is valid?
a. Exactly 70% of all seniors at Rolling Stone do more than 3 hours of homework per
day.
b. About 70% of seniors at Rolling Stone do more than 3 hours of homework per day.
c. Exactly 30% of all seniors at Rolling Stone do less than 3 hours of homework per
day.
d. 30% of seniors at Rolling Stone do no homework.
7. Sketchy Electronics claims that only 3% of its smartphones are defective. No information
is given about how the company obtained its data. Based on this data, which of the
following conclusions is valid?
a. If inspectors examined 100 of Sketchy’s phones, about 3 would be defective.
b. Most phones made by Sketchy are not defective.
c. There will be very few defective phones in any shipment from Sketchy’s.
d. None of the above is valid.
8. Big Deal department store wants to conduct a survey of its customers to determine which
type of promotion they prefer: \
 Big Bucks, which they earn each time they shop, or
 Power Points, which they can redeem for coupons.
They will ask their customers, “Which promotion do you prefer, Big Bucks or Power
Points?” Which of the following methods of surveying their customers will allow Big
Deal to make valid conclusions about their customers’ preferences?
a. Ask customers who are redeeming Big Bucks which they prefer.
b. Ask every customer who shops on a particular Saturday between 8 a.m. and 10 a.m.
for the Early Bird Promotion.
c. For a period of a year, ask every hundredth customer who enters the store which they
 prefer.
d. Ask 100 customers who are shopping at Big Deal’s competitor, Shop Til You Drop.
9. An ad for José’s Baby Aspirin states, "4 out of 5 doctors recommend José’s Baby Aspirin
to prevent heart attacks." No information is given about how the company obtained its
data. Based on this data, which of the following conclusions is valid?
a. If you take José’s Baby Aspirin, you will probably not get a heart attack.
b. If you do not take José’s Baby Aspirin, you will get a heart attack.
c. If you surveyed a group of doctors, 80% of them would recommend José’s Baby
Aspirin to prevent heart attacks.
d. None of the above is valid.
10. The school board administered a reading test to all eighth-grade students at High
Achievers Charter School and determined that 10% of them were reading below grade
level. Based on this data, which of the following conclusions is valid?
a. 10% of all students at HACS are reading below grade level.
b. 10% of all eighth-grade students at HACS are reading below grade level.
c. 10% of eighth-grade students in the district are reading below grade level.
d. 10% of all eighth-grade students at HACS are below grade level in math.
Level 02
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Statitstics
1. A poll was conducted to find the percent of residents in a community who support an
increase in taxes to help pay for the construction of alternative energy sources. Of the
1,200 residents selected at random to be polled, 57% were in favor of the tax increase.
The poll had a margin of error of 3 percentage points. Which of the following
conclusions is most appropriate about all residents of the community, based on the results
of the poll?
a. The percent of all residents who favor the tax increase is 57%.
b. The percent of all residents who favor the tax increase is likely less than 54%.
c. The percent of all residents who favor the tax increase is likely between 54% and
60%.
d. The percent of all residents who favor the tax increase is likely either less than 54%
or greater than 60%.
2. An analysis of a random sample of a type of laptop computer battery estimated that the
mean working time was 4.7 hours with a margin of error of 0.7 hours. Which of the
following is the most appropriate conclusion based on this analysis?
a. This type of laptop computer battery has a mean working time of at least 4.7 hours.
b. This type of laptop computer battery has a mean working time of at least 5.7 hours.
c. This type of laptop computer battery has a mean working time of between 4.0 and 5.4
hours.
d. This type of laptop computer battery has a mean working time of between 0.0 and 0.7
hours.
3. One hundred park-district members will be selected to participate in a survey about
selecting a new park-district coordinator. Which of the following methods of choosing
the 100 members would result in a random sample of members of the park district?
a. Obtain a numbered list of all park-district members. Use a random number generator
to select 100 members from the list. Give the survey to those 100 members.
b. Obtain a list of all park-district members sorted alphabetically. Give the survey to the
first 100 members on the list.
c. Tell all park-district members that volunteers are needed to take the survey. Give the
survey to the first 100 members who volunteer.
d. Obtain a list of all park-district members who are attending an upcoming event. Give
the survey to the first 100 members on the list.
4. An ecologist selected a random sample of 30 prairie dogs from a colony and found that
 the mean mass of the prairie dogs in the sample was 0.94 kilograms (kg) with an
associated margin of error of 0.12 kg. Which of the following is the best interpretation of
the ecologist’s findings?
a. All prairie dogs in the sample have a mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg.
b. Most prairie dogs in the colony have a mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg.
c. Any mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg is a plausible value for the mean mass of the
prairie dogs in the sample.
d. Any mass between 0.82 kg and 1.06 kg is a plausible value for the mean mass of the
prairie dogs in the colony.
5. Near the end of a US cable news show, the host invited viewers to respond to a poll on
the show’s website that asked, "Do you ..." Near the end of a US cable news show, the
host invited viewers to respond to a poll on the show’s website that asked, "Do you
support the new federal policy discussed during the show?" At the end of the show, the
host reported that 28% responded "Yes," and 70% responded "No." Which of the
following best explains why the results are unlikely to represent the sentiments of the
population of the United States?
a. The percentages do not add up to 100%, so any possible conclusions from the poll are
invalid.
b. Those who responded to the poll were not a random sample of the population of the
United States.
c. There were not 50% "Yes" responses and 50% "No" responses.
d. The show did not allow viewers enough time to respond to the poll.
6. To determine whether residents of a community would vote in favor of a ballot proposal
to use $100,000 of local taxes for additional playground equipment at a community park,
Jennifer surveyed 60 adults visiting the park with their children during one week in June.
She found that 45 of those surveyed reported that they would vote in favor of the
proposal. Which of the following statements must be true?
a. When the actual vote is taken, 75 percent of the votes will be in favor of the proposal.
b. No prediction should be made about the vote on the proposal because the sample size
is too small.
c. The sampling method is flawed and may produce biased results.
d. The sampling method is not flawed and is likely to produce unbiased results.
7. The list below consists of seven integers that increase in value from left to right. If the
range of the list is equal to one of the values in the list, what is the greatest possible value
of ?
 a. 23
b. 21
c. 12
d. 0
8. The tallest student in Class A is 50 inches tall, and the tallest student in Class B is 48
inches tall. Each class has 25 students, and the shortest student in each class is the same
height. Which of the following statements are true?
I. The range of the heights for students in Class A is greater than in Class B.
II. The median of the heights for students in Class A is greater than that in Class B.
III. The mean of the heights for students in Class A is greater than that in Class B.
a. I only
b. III only
c. I and II only
d. I, II and III
9.

The bar chart above shows the number of films shown in class over the past year for 19 classes
in School A and 15 classes in School B. Which of the following correctly compares the mean
and median number of films shown in each class for the two schools?
a. The mean and median number of films shown in each class are both greater in School
A.
b. The mean and median number of films shown in each class are both greater in School
B.
 c. The mean number of films shown in each class is greater in School B, but the median
is the same in both schools.
d. The mean number of films shown in each class is greater in School A, but the median
is the same in both schools.
10.

The table below lists the number of calories in each of Mary’s last 10 meals. If a 900-calorie
meal that she had today is added to the values listed, which of the following statistical measures
of the data will not change?
a. Median
b. Mode
c. Range
d. Mean
11.

Based on the graph above, in how many of the games played did the soccer team score goals
equal to the median number of goals for the 29 games?
HOMEWORK: Statistics
1. In a survey, 58 residents of a particular town were selected at random, and approximately
40% of them reported that they recycle regularly. If the reported percentage is used as an
estimate for the proportion of all residents in the town who recycle regularly, the margin
of error is 13%. Which of the following statements is appropriate based on the data
provided?
a. Less than 25% of all the town residents recycle regularly.
b. Between 0% and 13% of all the town residents recycle regularly.
c. Between 27% and 53% of all the town residents recycle regularly.
d. Approximately 12.6% of the surveyed residents misstated how often they recycle.
2. A basketball manufacturer selects a random sample of its basketball each week to ensure
a consistent air pressure within them is maintained. In Week 1, the sample had a mean air
pressure of 8.2 psi (pound per square inch) and a margin of error of 0.1 psi. In Week 2,
the sample had a mean air pressure of 7.7 psi and a margin of error of 0.3 psi. Based on
these results, which of the following is a reasonable conclusion?
a. Most of the basketballs produced in Week 1 had an air pressure under 8.2 psi,
whereas most of the basketballs produced in Week 2 had an air pressure under 7.7
psi.
b. The mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 1 was 0.5 psi more
than the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 2.
c. The number of basketballs in the Week 1 sample was more than the number of
basketballs in the Week 2 sample.
d. It is very likely the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 1 was
less than the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 2.
3. The length of a blue-spotted salamander’s tail can be used to estimate its age. A biologist
selects 80 blue-spotted salamanders at random and finds that the average length of their
tails has a 95% confidence interval of 5 to 6 inches. Which of the following conclusions
is the most appropriate based on the confidence interval?
a. 95% of all blue-spotted salamanders have a tail that is between 5 and 6 inches in
length.
b. 95% of all salamanders have a tail that is between 5 and 6 inches in length.
c. The true average length of the tails of all blue-spotted salamanders is likely between 5
and 6 inches.
d. The true average length of the tails of all salamanders is likely between 5 and 6
inches.
4. A student is assigned to conduct a survey to determine the mean number of servings of
 vegetables eaten by a certain group of people each day. The student has not yet decided
which group of people will be the focus of this survey. Selecting a random sample from
which of the following groups would most likely give the smallest margin of error?
a. Residents of the same city
b. Customers of a certain restaurant
c. Viewers of the same television show
d. Students who are following the same daily diet plan
5. A university wants to determine the dietary preferences of the students in its freshman
class. Which of the following survey methods is most likely to provide the most valid
results?
a. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from the university.
b. Selecting a random sample of 300 students from the university’s freshman class.
c. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from the university’s freshman class.
d. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from one of the university’s freshman
dining halls.
6. Jasmine and Daniel are each conducting a survey among the 1,190 students at North High
to determine the proportion of students who would be interested in a new after-school
sport club. Jasmine randomly selected 100 students to survey, and Daniel randomly
selected 50 students to survey. In both surveys, 34% of students indicated they are
interested. If represents the margin of error for Jasmine’s sample proportion, and
represents the margin of error for Daniel’s sample proportion, both students have the
same amount of confidence in their results. Which of the following is most likely true?
a.
b.
c.
d. The relationship between and cannot be determined.
7. Researchers must conduct an experiment to see whether a new vaccine is effective in
relieving certain allergies. They have selected a random sample of 100 allergy patients.
Some of the patients are assigned to the new vaccine while the rest are assigned to the
traditional treatment. Which of the following methods of assigning each patient’s
treatment is most likely to lead to a reliable conclusion about the effectiveness of the new
vaccine?
a. Females are assigned to the new vaccine.
b. Those who have more than one allergy are assigned to the new vaccine.
c. The patients divided themselves evenly into two groups. A coin is tossed to decide
 which group receives the new vaccine.
d. Each patient is assigned a random number. Those with an even number are assigned
to the new vaccine.
8.

The dot plot below gives the gas mileage (in miles per gallon) of 15 different cars. If the dot
representing the car with the greatest gas mileage is removed from the dot plot, what will
happen to the mean, median, and standard deviation of the new data set?
a. Only the mean will decrease.
b. Only the mean and standard deviation will decrease.
c. Only the mean and median will decrease.
d. The mean, median, and standard deviation will decrease.
9. The table below lists the amounts of snowfall, to the nearest inch, experienced by 18
different cities in the past year. The outlier measurement of 90 inches is an error. Of the
mean, median, and range of the values listed, which will change the most?

If the 90-inch measurement is replaced by the correct measurement of 20 inches, which

of the following will change the most?
a. Mean
b. Median
 c. Range
d. None of them will change.
Question 10-12. Refer to the following information
The line graph below shows the average price of one metric ton of oranges, in dollars, for each of
seven months in 2014.

10. Between which two consecutive months shown did the average price of one metric ton of
oranges decrease the most?
a. March to April
b. May to June
c. June to July
d. July to August
11. Which of the following is closest to the median price, in dollars, of the seven recorded
prices of one metric ton of oranges?
a. 834
b. 808
c. 783
d. 768
12. In 2014, the average price of one metric ton of oranges decreased by 2.36% from January
(not shown) to February. Which of the following is closest to the price of one metric ton
of oranges in January 2014?
a. 700
b. 770
 c. 790
d. 830
13.
Data set A Data set B
25,500 22,860
40,430 55,020
49,150 173,700
62,950 300,580
73,670 358,920
118,780 456,170
126,040 603,300
Which of the following is true about the standard deviations of the two data sets in the table
above?
a. The standard deviation of data set B is larger than the standard deviation of data set
A.
b. The standard deviation of data set A is larger than the standard deviation of data set
B.
c. The standard deviation of data set A is equal to the standard deviation of data set B.
d. There is not enough information available to compare the standard deviations of the
two data sets.
14. Of 100 people who played a certain video game, 85 scored more than 0 but less than
10,000 points, 14 scored between 10,000 and 100,000 points, and the remaining player
scored 5,350,000 points. Which of the following statements about the mean and median
of the 100 scores is true?
a. The mean is greater than the median.
b. The median is greater than the mean.
c. The mean and the median are equal.
d. There is not enough information to determine whether the mean or the median is
greater.
15.
Class size Number of classes
23 1
28 2
29 6
30 6
 31 5
What effect would removing the outlier have on the mean math class size and median
math class size?
a. The mean would increase and the median would stay the same.
b. The mean would increase and the median would increase.
c. The mean would stay the same and the median would stay the same.
d. The mean would stay the same and the median would increase.
16. The box-and-whisker plot below shows the average outdoor temperature of a North
American City at noon, in degrees Fahrenheit, for each month of the year. What is the
range of the temperatures?
a. 17
b. 27
c. 61
d. 111
17. In order to determine if treatment X is successful in improving eyesight, a research study
was conducted. From a large population of people with poor eyesight, 300 participants
were selected at random. Half of the participants were randomly assigned to receive
treatment X, and the other half did not receive treatment X. The resulting data showed
that participants who received treatment X had significantly improved eyesight as
compared to those who did not receive treatment X. Based on the design and results of
the study, which of the following is an appropriate conclusion?
a. Treatment X is likely to improve the eyesight of people who have poor eyesight.
b. Treatment X improves eyesight better than all other available treatments.
c. Treatment X will improve the eyesight of anyone who takes it.
d. Treatment X will cause a substantial improvement in eyesight.

Questions 18–20 refer to the following information.

In spring 2015, three separate studies on the fitness level of tenth graders were conducted
in the city of Mistwick. In each study, every student in a group of tenth graders took the
same fitness test and received a score on it. The possible scores on the fitness test are the
whole numbers from 50 to 100, inclusive. The distribution of the scores for each of the
studies is shown in the table below.
Score range Study I Study II Study III
50–59 24 50 88
60–69 36 67 67
70–79 22 52 65
 80–89 11 14 41
90–100 7 17 39
Mean score 68.6 68.7 70.4
Total number of
100 200 300
participants

The participants for the studies were selected as follows:

• For Study I, 100 tenth graders were selected at random from all tenth graders in Mistwick.
• For Study II, 200 tenth graders were selected at random from all tenth graders in Mistwick.
• For Study III, 300 tenth graders from Mistwick volunteered to participate.
No tenth grader participated in more than one of the three studies.
18. What percent of all the scores reported in the three studies were in the 50–59 range?
a. 24%
b. 25%
c. 26%
d. 27%
19. Which of the following could be the median score in Study III?
a. 59
b. 68
c. 70
d. 82
20. The results of which of the studies can appropriately be generalized to all tenth graders in
Mistwick in spring 2015?
a. Study III only
b. Studies I and II only
c. Studies II and III only
d. Studies I, II, and III
Level 03: Statistics
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Statistics
1. The average height of 14 students in one class is 63 inches. The average height of 21 students
in another class is 68 inches. If the two classes are combined, what is the average height, in
inches, of the students in the combined class?
a. 64.5
b. 65
c. 66
d. 66.5
2. Kristie has taken five tests in science class. The average of all five of Kristie’s test scores is
94. The average of her last three test scores is 92. What is the average of her first two test
scores?
a. 95
b. 96
c. 97
d. 98
3.

The histogram above shows the number of books read last year by 20 editors at a publishing
company. Which of the following could be the median number of books read by the 20 editors?
a. 7
b. 12
c. 17
d. 22
4.

The dotplot above shows the distribution of ages for 24 winners of the Miss World beauty
pageant at the time they were crowned. Based on the data, which of the following is closest to
the average (arithmetic mean) age of the winning Miss World pageant contestant?
a. 19
b. 20
c. 21
d. 22
5. Locks are sections of canals in which the water level can be mechanically changed to raise
and lower boats. The table below shows the number of locks for 10 canals in France.
Name # Locks
Aisne 27
Alsace 25
Rhone 5
Centre 30
Garonne 23
Lalinde 27
Midi 32
Oise 27
Vosges 93
Sambre 29

Removing which of the following two canals from the data would result in the greatest decrease
in the standard deviation of the number of locks in each canal?
a. Aisne and Lalinde
b. Alsace and Garonne
 c. Centre and Midi
d. Rhone and Vosges
6. The tables below give the distribution of travel times between two towns for Bus A and Bus
B over the same 40 days.
Bus A:
Travel time (minutes) Frequency
44 5
45 10
47 15
48 10
Bus B:
Travel time (minutes) Frequency
25 5
30 10
35 15
40 10
Which of the following statements is true about the data shown for these 40 days?

a. The standard deviation of travel times for Bus A is smaller.

b. The standard deviation of travel times for Bus B is smaller.
c. The standard deviation of travel times is the same for Bus A and Bus B.
d. The standard deviation of travel times for Bus A and Bus B cannot be compared
with the data provided.
7.
The bar chart above shows the distribution of weights (to the nearest pound) for 19 kayaks made
by Company A and 19 kayaks made by Company B. Which of the following correctly compares
the median weight of the kayaks made by each company?
a. The median weight of the kayaks made by Company A is smaller.
b. The median weight of the kayaks made by Company B is smaller.
c. The median weight of the kayaks is the same for both companies.
d. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
8. The table below gives the distribution of low temperatures for a city over 28 days.
Temperature (°F) Frequency
60 3
61 4
63 4
67 10
70 7
The table above gives the distribution of low temperatures for a city over 28 days. What is the
median low temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit (∘ F ), of the city for these 28 days?
9. A shoe store surveyed a random sample of 50 customers to better estimate which shoe sizes
should be kept in stock. The store found that the median shoe size of the customers in the
sample is 10 inches. Which of the following statements must be true?
a. The sum of all the shoe sizes in the sample is 500 inches.
b. The average of the smallest shoe size and the largest shoe size in the sample is 10
inches.
c. The difference between the smallest shoe size and the largest shoe size in the
 sample is 10 inches.
d. At least half of the customers in the sample have shoe sizes greater than or equal
to 10 inches.
10. A food company hires an independent research agency to determine its product’s shelf life,
the length of time it may be stored before it expires. Using a random sample of 40 units of
the product, the research agency finds that the product’s shelf life has a range of 3 days.
Which of the following must be true about the units in the sample?
a. All the units expired within 3 days.
b. The unit with the longest shelf life took 3 days longer to expire than the unit with
the shortest shelf life.
c. The mean shelf life of the units is 3 more than the median.
d. The median shelf life of the units is 3 more than the mean.
11.

The graph abov`e shows the frequency distribution of a list of randomly generated integers
between 5 and 10. Which of the following correctly gives the mean and the range of the list of
integers?
a. Mean = 7.6, Range = 4
b. Mean = 7.6, Range = 5
c. Mean = 8.2, Range = 4
d. Mean = 8.2, Range = 5
12. The table below shows the scores for Jay’s first seven math quizzes.
Quiz Score
1 87
2 75
3 90
4 83
5 98
 6 87
7 91
Which of the following are true about his scores?
I. The mode is greater than the median.
II. The median is greater than the mean.
III. The range is greater than 20.
a. I only
b. III only
c. II and III
d. I, II, and III
13.

The bar chart above shows the number of films shown in class over the past year for 19 classes
in School A and 15 classes in School B. Which of the following correctly compares the mean
and median number of films shown in each class for the two schools?
a. The mean and median number of films shown in each class are both greater in
School A.
b. The mean and median number of films shown in each class are both greater in
School B.
c. The mean number of films shown in each class is greater in School A, but the
median is the same in both schools.
d. The mean and median number of films shown in each class are the same in both
schools.
14.
The table below lists the number of calories in each of Mary’s last 10 meals. If a 900-calorie
meal that she had today is added to the values listed, which of the following statistical measures
of the data will not change?
I. Median
II. Mode
III. Range
a. I and II only
b. I and III only
c. II and III only
d. I, II, and III
15.

The dotplot above gives the gas mileage (in miles per gallon) of 15 different cars. If the dot
representing the car with the greatest gas mileage is removed from the dotplot, what will happen
to the mean, median, and standard deviation of the new data set?
a. Only the mean will decrease.
b. Only the mean and standard deviation will decrease.
c. Only the mean and median will decrease.
d. The mean, median, and standard deviation will decrease.
16.

The table above lists the amounts of snowfall, to the nearest inch, experienced by 18 different
cities in the past year. The outlier measurement of 100 inches is an error. Of the mean, median,
and range of the values listed, which will change the most if the 90-inch measurement is replaced
by the correct measurement of 20 inches?
a. Mean
b. Median
c. Range
d. None of them will change.
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Statistics
1.

The scatterplot above shows the relationship between age, in years, and shoe size for 24 males
between 10 and 20 years old. The line of best fit is also shown. Based on the data, how many 19-
year-old males had a shoe size greater than the one predicted by the line of best fit?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
2.

The scatterplot above shows the number of traffic lights in 15 towns and the average weekly
number of traffic light violations that occur in each town. The line of best fit is also shown.
Based on the line of best fit, which of the following is the predicted average weekly number of
traffic light violations in a town with 75 traffic lights?
a. 40
 b. 50
c. 55
d. 60
3. A university wants to determine the dietary preferences of the students in its freshman class.
Which of the following survey methods is most likely to provide the most valid results?
a. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from the university.
b. Selecting a random sample of 300 students from the university’s freshman class.
c. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from the university’s freshman class.
d. Selecting a random sample of 600 students from one of the university’s freshman
dining halls.
4. Consumer Behavior during Store Sales: The scatterplot above shows the average shopping
time, in minutes, of customers at 26 different stores offering various discounts. The line of
best fit is also shown. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the meaning of the
y -intercept of the line of best fit?
a. The predicted average shopping time, in minutes, of customers at a store offering
no discount.
b. The predicted average shopping time, in minutes, of customers at a store offering
a 50% discount.
c. The predicted increase in the average shopping time, in minutes, for each one
percent increase in the store discount.
d. The predicted average number of customers at a store offering no discount.
5.

Two candidates are running for governor of a state. A recent poll reports that out of a random
sample of 250 voters, 110 support Candidate A and 140 support Candidate B. An estimated
500,000 state residents are expected to vote on election day. According to the poll, Candidate B
is expected to receive how many more votes than Candidate A?
a. 60,000
b. 130,000
c. 220,000
d. 280,000
6.

In a psychological study, researchers asked participants to each complete a difficult task for a
cash prize, the amount of which varied from participant to participant. The results of the study,
as well as the line of best fit, are shown in the scatterplot above. Which of the following is the
best interpretation of the meaning of the y -intercept of the line of best fit?
a. The expected decrease in the number of mistakes made per dollar increase in the
cash prize.
b. The expected increase in the number of mistakes made per dollar increase in the
cash prize.
c. The expected dollar amount of the cash prize required for a person to complete
the task with 0 mistakes.
d. The expected number of mistakes a person makes in completing the task when no
cash prize is offered.
7.
The scatterplot above shows the fat content and calorie counts of 8 different cups of ice cream.
Based on the line of best fit to the data shown, what is the expected increase in the number of
calories for each additional gram of fat in a cup of ice cream?
a. 5
b. 8
c. 20
d. 40
8.

The scatterplot above shows the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to 8 oat fields and their
yields. The line of best fit is also shown. Which of the following is closest to the amount of
nitrogen applied, in pounds per acre, to the oat field whose yield is best predicted by the line of
best fit?
a. 200
 b. 350
c. 400
d. 450
9.

The scatterplot above shows the distribution of seats for the restaurants in 7 different mall food
courts. The line of best fit is also shown. According to the data, what is the total number of seats
at the food court represented by the data point that is farthest from the line of best fit?
a. 200
b. 240
c. 320
d. 560
10.
Researchers must conduct an experiment to see whether a new vaccine is effective in relieving
certain allergies. They have selected a random sample of 100 allergy patients. Some of the
patients are assigned to the new vaccine while the rest are assigned to the traditional treatment.
Which of the following methods of assigning each patient’s treatment is most likely to lead to a
reliable conclusion about the effectiveness of the new vaccine?
a. Females are assigned to the new vaccine.
b. Those who have more than one allergy are assigned to the new vaccine.
c. The patients divide themselves evenly into two groups. A coin is tossed to decide
which group receives the new vaccine.
d. Each patient is assigned a random number. Those with an even number are
assigned to the new vaccine.
11.
The scatterplot above shows the distribution of seats for the restaurants in 7 different mall food
courts. The line of best fit is also shown.
According to the data, what is the total number of seats at the food court represented by the data
point that is farthest from the line of best fit?
a. 200
b. 240
c. 320
d. 560
12. Researchers must conduct an experiment to see whether a new vaccine is effective in
relieving certain allergies. They have selected a random sample of 100 allergy patients. Some
of the patients are assigned to the new vaccine while the rest are assigned to the traditional
treatment. Which of the following methods of assigning each patient's treatment is most
likely to lead to a reliable conclusion about the effectiveness of the new vaccine?
a. Females are assigned to the new vaccine.
b. Those who have more than one allergy are assigned to the new vaccine.
c. The patients divide themselves evenly into two groups. A coin is tossed to decide
which group receives the new vaccine.
d. Each patient is assigned a random number. Those with an even number are
assigned to the new vaccine.
13. A basketball manufacturer selects a random sample of its basketballs each week to ensure a
consistent air pressure within them is maintained. In Week 1, the sample had a mean air
pressure of 8.2 psi (pounds per square inch) and a margin of error of 0.1 psi. In Week 2, the
sample had a mean air pressure of 7.7 psi and a margin of error of 0.3 psi. Based on these
results, which of the following is a reasonable conclusion?
a. Most of the basketballs produced in Week 1 had an air pressure under 8.2 psi,
whereas most of the basketballs produced in Week 2 had an air pressure under 7.7
psi.
b. The mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 1 was 0.5 psi more
than the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 2.
c. The number of basketballs in the Week 1 sample was more than the number of
basketballs in the Week 2 sample.
d. It is very likely that the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week
1 was less than the mean air pressure of all the basketballs produced in Week 2.
14. A student is assigned to conduct a survey to determine the mean number of servings of
vegetables eaten by a certain group of people each day. The student has not yet decided
which group of people will be the focus of this survey. Selecting a random sample from
 which of the following groups would most likely give the smallest margin of error?
a. Residents of the same city.
b. Customers of a certain restaurant.
c. Viewers of the same television show.
d. Students who are following the same daily diet plan.
15. The length of a blue-spotted salamander’s tail can be used to estimate its age. A biologist
selects 80 blue-spotted salamanders at random and finds that the average length of their tails
has a 95% confidence interval of 5 to 6 inches. Which of the following conclusions is the
most appropriate based on the confidence interval?
a. 95% of all blue-spotted salamanders have a tail that is between 5 and 6 inches in
length.
b. 95% of all salamanders have a tail that is between 5 and 6 inches in length.
c. The true average length of the tails of all blue-spotted salamanders is likely
between 5 and 6 inches.
d. The true average length of the tails of all salamanders is likely between 5 and 6
inches.
16. An economist conducted research to determine whether there is a relationship between the
price of food and population density. He collected data from a random sample of 100 U.S.
cities and found significant evidence that the price of food is lower in places with a high
population density. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by these results?
a. In U.S. cities, there is a positive association between the price of food and
population density.
b. In U.S. cities, there is a negative association between the price of food and
population density.
c. In U.S. cities, a decrease in the price of food is caused by an increase in the
population density.
d. In U.S. cities, an increase in the population density is caused by a decrease in the
price of food.
Topic 06: Table Data
Level 02: Table Data
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Table Data
1. The table on the left shows the most commonly spoken five languages in the world by
native and non-native speakers, in millions, according to the 2013 SIL Ethnologue. If the
relative frequency of Spanish non-native speakers to all non-native speakers was 4.8%,
approximately how many non-native Spanish speakers, in millions, were there in 2013?
Language Native Non-native Total
speakers speakers
Mandarin Chinese 848 178 1026
Spanish 415 – –
Hindi 400 200 600
English 335 – –
Arabic 485 145 625
Total 2483 1237 3570

a. 20
b. 59
c. 119
d. 594
2. Donte and his friends ordered pizza for a birthday party. They asked all the guests at the
party whether they wanted sauce or no sauce and whether they wanted cheese or no

cheese. The results are displayed in the table below. Donte found that of the people
who wanted cheese did not want sauce. What fraction of the people who wanted sauce
also wanted cheese?

Cheese No cheese
Sauce 18 2
No sauce 8 6
Total 26 8

a.
 b.

c.

d.
3. Ori asked 10th and 11th graders at his school which sport they preferred between
basketball and football. The table below partially shows the results. Given that 40% of
10th graders at his school prefer basketball, how many 10th graders at his school prefer
football?
10th 11th Total
Football – 12 –
Basketball 14 – –
Total – – 156

4. The table below gives data about a group of students by whether or not they enrolled in
college in the year following high school graduation and whether they were the first,
second, or third child born in their family. How many first-born students in the study
would need to enroll in college following high school graduation in order to provide
evidence that being a first-born is independent of college enrollment?
First Second Third Total
Yes – – – 2268
No 450 430 310 1190
Total 1290 1239 942 3441
a. 440 first-born students
b. 621 first-born students
c. 850 first-born students
d. 1495 first-born students
5. An employee at a publishing company administers a survey to 1,200 book clubs across
the country asking what their clubs read in the last 12 months. The length, type, and best-
seller status of these were then determined. The table at the left partially represents the
results. If approximately 32% of the books reported by the book clubs were not best
sellers, which of the following could be the number of long fiction books reported?

Best-Seller Not a Best-Seller Total

 Short Fiction – 1,719 –
Short Non-Fiction – 2,210 –
Long Fiction – – 388
Long Non-Fiction – – 311
Total 1,680 – 2,910
a. 390
b. 540
c. 1,024
d. 5,264
6. A particular detector in a particle collider experiment detects the outgoing particles
produced by a collision. It also records the particle’s spin, , an important quantum
mechanical property. A particular collision resulted in the counts seen partially

represented in the table below. If 50% of the particles detected have a spin of , which

of the following could be the number of delta baryons with a spin of ?

Spin Proton Neutron Pion Delta Baryon
0 0 976 –
499 472 – –

– – – –

Total 499 472 – 93

a. 44
b. 49
c. 488
d. 1,020
7. The manager of a mobile development team surveys 1,000 customers to determine if they
prefer using applications in web-based or mobile versions when both are available. The
table below partially summarizes the findings of this survey. About how many customers
in the study between the ages of 23 and 32 years old are expected to prefer web-based
versions in order to provide evidence that being in this age group is independent of which
application version they prefer?

Age Mobile App Web App Total

 –22 – – 326
–32 – – 318
–42 – – –
Over 42 – – 241
Total 646 354 1,000
a. 115
b. 202
c. 318
d. 354
8. A company conducts a study to understand how employees act during meetings. They
observe a total of 300 different meetings and determine whether employees are choosing
to multitask or not. The following incomplete table shows the results:
Employees Multitask
Phone Calls Web Calls In-Person Video Calls
During...
Multitask – – 68 10
Don’t Multitask 11 – 7 3
Total Number of Each
160 – 13 –
Meeting Observed
Overall, employees chose to multitask during 90% of all the meetings observed. Based on
the information above, as a decimal, what is the probability that employees choose to
multitask during an in-person meeting?
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Table Data
1. Geometry students participated in an activity to classify the shapes in the room by
number of sides and color. The table below displays the results. If a triangle is chosen at
random from this activity, what is the probability that it is blue?
Red Blue Total
Triangles 3 4 7
Quadrilaterals 2 6 8
Pentagons 5 7 12
Total 8 16 24

a.

b.

c.

d.
2. A science textbook has four chapters, each with a number of skills problems and analysis
problems. A table representing this information is below. Based on the table, which of the
following statements is true?
Chapter Skills problems Analysis problems Total
Chapter 1 11 12 23
Chapter 2 10 11 21
Chapter 3 6 12 18
Chapter 4 23 4 27
Total 50 39 89

a. The relative frequency of analysis problems coming from chapter 4 is .

b. The relative frequency of analysis problems coming from chapter 2 is .

c. The relative frequency of problems in chapter 1 being skills problems is .

 d. The relative frequency of problems in chapter 2 being skills problems is .
3. Students in a college geography class created a table in which the countries of North
America are displayed by both population and population density (per square kilometer).
How many countries have a population density of fewer than 100 per km and have a
medium population if the relative frequency of these two features occurring compared
with all countries in North America is 0.174?
Population of country Fewer than 100–199 per 200 per km Total
in North America 100 per km km or greater
Small population (less – – – 9
than 1,000,000)
Medium population – – – 11
(1,000,000 –
19,999,999)
Large population – – – 3
(20,000,000 and
greater)
Total – – – –
a. 2
b. 4
c. 17
d. 63
4. Victor decides to try three different routes to work for a period of 40 days. In the table
below, he tracked whether he arrived to work late or on time each time that he used a
particular route. According to the table, what is the probability that Victor will arrive late
if he uses Route A?
On Time Late Total
Route A 5 6 11
Route B 2 10 12
Route C 6 11 17
Total 13 27 40

a.

b.
 c.

d.
5. A survey conducted on a random sample reports findings on telecommuting in non-
academic jobs in the United States, with a focus on sales and computer programming.
According to the table below, what is the probability that a randomly chosen job from the
study is a partially remote sales job? Round to the nearest hundredth.
Sales Computer Other Total
Programming
% Remote 185 247 179 611
% On-Site 1918 1837 1364 5119
Partially Remote ( 1012 743 930 2685
remote)
Total 3115 2827 2473 8415
6. A manufacturer of plastics and epoxy resins has committed to eliminating the chemical
Bisphenol-A (BPA) from its entire product line. According to the table below, what
percentage of the manufacturer’s epoxy resin and polycarbonate products are BPA-
containing polycarbonate products? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a percent.
Epoxy Resin Polycarbonate Total
Contains BPA 133 258 391
Does not contain BPA 64 44 108
Total 197 302 499

_______% (Fill in your answer)

7. The table below gives the relative frequencies of homes in a particular country having
washing machines and cable television in 2011. What is the approximate relative
frequency of a home having a washing machine and cable television if the probabilities
are independent of each other?
Washing Machine No Washing Machine Total
Cable Television – – 44.8%
No Cable Television – – 55.2%
Total 91.3% 8.7% 100%
a. 41%
b. 47%
c. 50%
 d. 136%
8. The table below gives the partial results from a U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention survey to track whether or not youth wear bicycle helmets. Is there evidence
of independence between being a 12th-grade boy and regularly wearing a bicycle helmet?
Frequency 12th-grade Boys 12th-grade Girls Total
Rarely or Never 1,067 758 1,825
Regularly 93 109 202
Total 1,160 867 2,027
a. Yes, because fewer than 50% of the boys regularly wear helmets.
b. Yes, because only 5% fewer boys than girls regularly wear helmets.
c. No, because 46% of the participants who regularly wear helmets are boys.
d. No, because 8% of the boys regularly wear a helmet while 10% of the 12th graders
do.
9. An online store’s marketing director uses a web-based computer program to tabulate
customer responses to a recent survey, which asked customers whether their priority
when buying sneakers was comfort, look, or price. The results are summarized in the
table below. Which of the following claims are supported by the findings summarized in
the table?
Gender & Age Comfort Look Price Total
Male, ages 13–34 26 90 24 140
Male, ages 35 and over 27 14 20 61
Female, ages 13–34 11 56 22 89
Female, ages 35 and over 3 9 27 39
Total 67 175 75 317
Claims:
I. Males 35 and older are more likely to purchase sneakers based on price than on how the
sneaker looks.
II. Males between 13 and 34 had the highest frequency of responding to this web-based
survey.
III. The probability that a customer purchases sneakers based on price is expected to be
approximately 24%.
a. II only
b. II and III only
c. I and III only
d. I, II, and III
 10. The table below gives figures for tourism in Australia in 2006. According to the table,
which of the following statements about tourists visiting Australia in 2006 are true?
Country of Origin week stay week stay Total
Italy 12 39 51
China 87 221 308
United States of America 297 159 456
United Kingdom 291 443 734
Canada 34 76 110
New Zealand 875 201 1,076
Total 1,596 1,139 2,735
I. The probability that a Canadian tourist stayed for more than 2 weeks is approximately
69%.
II. The probability that a tourist who stayed for more than 2 weeks was from China is
approximately 19%.
III. The probability that a randomly selected tourist was from the United Kingdom and stayed
more than 2 weeks is approximately 60%.
a. I only
b. I and II only
c. I, II, and III
d. III only
Topic 07: Linear and Exponential Growth
Level 02: Linear and Exponential Growth
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Linear and Exponential Growth
1. If the initial population of rats was 20 and grew to 25 after the second year, which of the
following functions best models the population of rats with respect to the number of
years if the population growth of rats is considered to be exponential?
a.

b.

c.
d.
2. If the initial population of pandas was 100 and grew to 125 after the first year, which of
the following functions best models the population of pandas with respect to the
number of years if the population growth of pandas is considered to be linear?
a.

b.

c.
d.
3. The population of trees in a forest has been decreasing by 6 percent every 4 years. The
population at the beginning of 2015 was estimated to be 14,000. If represents the
population of trees years after 2015, which of the following equations gives the
population of trees over time?

a.

b.

c.

d.
4. Jamie owes Tina some money and decides to pay her back in the following way. Tina
receives 3 dollars the first day, 6 dollars the second day, 18 dollars the third day, and 54
dollars the fourth day. Which of the following best describes the relationship between
time and the total amount of money cumulative) Tina has received from Jamie over the
course of these four days?
 a. Increasing linear
b. Decreasing linear
c. Exponential growth
d. Exponential decay
5. Albert has a large book collection. He decides to trade in two of his used books for one
new book each month at a local bookstore. Which of the following best describes the
relationship between time in months) and the total number of books in Albert’s
collection?
a. Increasing linear
b. Decreasing linear
c. Exponential growth
d. Exponential decay
6. A scientist counts 80 cells in a petri dish and finds that each one splits into two new cells

every hour. He uses the function to calculate the total number of cells in the
petri dish after hours. Which of the following assigns the correct values to and ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
7. Of the following scenarios, which one would result in linear growth of the square footage
of a store?
a. The owner increases the square footage by 0.75% each year.
b. The owner increases the square footage by 5% each year.
c. The owner expands the store by 5% of the original square footage each year.
d. The owner alternates between adding 200 square feet one year and 300 square feet the
next year.

8.
A genetic mutation which adapts a fruit to a higher humidity spreads among a species of
fruiting plants. The population present with the mutation, , can be approximated using the
equation above where is the time in years since the introduction of the mutation, is a
positive constant equal to the initial mutation population, is a positive constant, and is a
constant. Which of the following correctly explains why would be exponentially or
linearly increasing?
 a. is linearly increasing if .
b. is linearly increasing if .
c. is exponentially increasing if .
d. is exponentially increasing if .
9. A statistician modeled the average private law school tuition in two ways. According to
both models, the tuition in 2011 was about $40,000. In one model, the tuition increased
by $1750 per year. In the other, the tuition increased by 5% per year. What would be the
difference between these models in the year 2013?
10. An accountant is modeling the annual tax expenditures, , in thousands of dollars
years after January 1st, 2000 for a small business using two different models. Both of the
accountant’s models have tax expenditures of $5000 on January 1st, 2000. Model 1 has
tax expenditures which increase by $4000 each year. Model 2 has tax expenditures which
increase by a factor of every 5 years. If the models have the same value on January
1st, 2010, what is the value of ?
11. For the last decade, the number of insured children who had dental cleanings has been
growing by 5% per year or by about 68 children per year, depending on how the growth
is modeled. This year, 1760 insured children have dental cleanings. To the nearest whole
number, what is the difference between the numbers of children that the models predict
will have dental cleanings 3 years from now?
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Linear and Exponential Growth
1. From 1945 to 2008, one country’s per capita gross domestic product (GDPPC) increased
about 6% per year, ending at $19,600. For the next few years, the growth slowed to an
increase of about $1300 per year. To the nearest dollar, how much less did the GDPPC
grow during the next 6 years than it would have if it had maintained its earlier growth
rate?
2. An astronomer observes the velocity of a galaxy at a distance of 100 megaparsecs (Mpc)
to calculate its distance two billion years from now using two different models. In the
first model, the distance from the galaxy to Earth increases by 9 Mpc every billion years.
In the second model, the distance from the galaxy to Earth increases by 10 percent every
billion years. Two billion years from now, how much further would the galaxy be in the
second model compared to the first model in megaparsecs?
3. At one community college, the cost per credit hour for in-state students has been
increasing by $3 a year. In another community college, it has been increasing by 9% per
year. This year, the cost is $65 at both colleges. To the nearest dollar, what was the
positive difference in costs 2 years ago?
4. A pilot is testing the change in external pressure during ascent from a pressure of 1
atmosphere (atm). If the plane ascends at a constant rate, the pressure drops by 30 percent
every ten minutes. If the plane ascends at a decreasing rate, the pressure drops by 0.1 atm
every ten minutes. After thirty minutes, what is the pressure at a constant rate of ascent
minus the pressure at a decreasing rate of ascent in atmospheres?
a.
b.
c.
d.
5. A single processor takes 20 milliseconds (ms) to prepare data entries and 0.1 ms to copy
the entries, where is the number of entries. A multiprocessor takes 70 ms to prepare
and copy one data entry, and whenever the number of entries is doubled the amount of
time to prepare and copy them increases by 5 ms. Given 120 ms to prepare and copy data
entries, which processor type can prepare and copy more entries and how many more
entries can it prepare and copy?
a. The single processor can prepare and copy 176 more entries.
b. The single processor can prepare and copy 989 more entries.
c. The multiprocessor can prepare and copy 24 more entries.
d. The multiprocessor can prepare and copy 24 more entries.
6. A surveyor discovers that the total combined length of all roads, in miles (mi), of a
particular city was 500 at the beginning of 1950 and increased by 125 mi every ten years.
Additionally, the number of cars driven in the city was 50,000 at the beginning of 1950
and increased by 20 percent every ten years. What was the difference between the
number of cars driven in the city per mile of city road at the beginning of 1950 and at the
beginning of 1990?
a. 3.68
b. 10
c. 107.36
d. 103.68
7. The population of trees in a forest has been decreasing by 6 percent every 4 years. The
population at the beginning of 2015 was estimated to be 14,000. If represents the
population of trees years after 2015, which of the following equations gives the
population of trees over time?

a.

b.

c.

d.
8. Of the following scenarios, which one would result in linear growth of the square footage
of a store?
a. The owner increases the square footage by 0.75% each year.
b. The owner increases the square footage by 5% each year.
c. The owner expands the store by 5% of the original square footage each year.
d. The owner alternates between adding 200 square feet one year and 300 square feet the
next year.
9. Before its launch, the first stage of the Saturn V rocket held about 540,000 gallons of

fuel. The number of gallons of fuel remaining minutes after its launch can be
modeled by the function

Which of the following describes the meaning of the fraction in the context
described?
 a. The fraction of the 540,000 gallons of fuel the rocket had at its launch.
b. The fraction of the 540,000 gallons of fuel the rocket had 3 seconds after its launch.
c. The fraction of the 540,000 gallons of fuel the rocket had 20 seconds after its launch.
d. The fraction of the 540,000 gallons of fuel the rocket had 1200 seconds after its
launch.

10.
The equation above can be used to model the population, in thousands, of a certain city
years after 2000. According to the model, the population is predicted to increase by 0.5%
every months. What is the value of ?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 12
d. 36

11. The volume of water in a reservoir at the start of a construction project is . For every
10-day period, the volume of water in the reservoir will decrease by 3% of the volume
from 10 days before. Which of the following equations represents the amount of water

left in the reservoir, , after days?

a.

b.

c.

d.
Level 03: Linear and Exponential Growth
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Linear and Exponential Growth
1. Eitan posted a video on the internet which only received approximately 100 views per
day for the first 365 days after it was posted. However, on the 366th day, Eitan’s video
began to receive a greater following: the total number of views grew at a rate of 25% per
day. If Eitan’s video had 0 views when he first posted it on the internet, approximately
how many more views did Eitan’s video receive after the 365th day through and
including the 372nd day compared to the first 365 days?
a. 36,500
b. 101,000
c. 138,000
d. 174,000

2.
The present value , in dollars, of a cash flow years from now is shown by the equation above
where is the future amount of the cash flow in dollars and is the discount rate expressed as
a percent. In such models, and are both positive constants. Which of the following
correctly explains the relationship between and ?

a. This is a linear relationship because is a constant.

b. This is a linear relationship because acts as the constant of proportionality.
c. This is an exponential relationship because is decreasing as increases.
d. This is an exponential relationship because is in the exponent of a constant.

3.
The price, , of an item, in dollars, between the years 2005 and 2010 can be approximated using
the equation above, where is the number of years since the beginning of 2000. Which of the
following correctly describes the growth of with respect to ?
a. Each year, increases by 1.50 dollars.
b. Each year, decreases by 1.50 dollars.
c. Each year, increases by 50 percent.
d. Each year, increases by 150 percent.
4. On mobile devices, global voice traffic has been growing by approximately 2 petabytes
 (PB) per month, while global data traffic has been growing by approximately 7% per
month. One month in 2007, both traffic volumes equaled 110 PB per month. What was
the total expected traffic (data and voice) 4 months later? Round to the nearest PB.
5. A bank is offering a simple interest rate of 5% — that is, the bank will pay a fixed 5% of
an initial investment as interest each year. By contrast, a stockbroker is offering a 4%
interest rate compounded annually: 4% of the total value of the investment at the end of
the year. If $1000 is invested in the bank and $1000 is invested with the stockbroker,
after 4 years, what will be the total value of the two investments combined? Round to the
nearest dollar.
6. The table below shows the percent compression of a coil spring in a mattress, which is
measured when different amounts of force are applied. Which of the following best
describes the relationship between the percent compression and the force?
Force (kilonewtons) Percent Compression
15 3%
30 6%
45 9%
60 11%
75 13%
90 15%
105 18%
120 20%
a. It is approximately linear because the percent compression nearly doubles for every
increase of 15 kilonewtons of force.
b. It is approximately linear because the percent compression grows by about 2.5 for
every increase of 15 kilonewtons of force.
c. It is approximately exponential because the percent compression nearly doubles for
every increase of 15 kilonewtons of force.
d. It is approximately exponential because the percent compression grows by about 2.5
for every increase of 15 kilonewtons of force.

7.
The minimum interior relative humidity, , at which condensation occurs on a particular
window varies with the exterior temperature, , in degrees Fahrenheit ( F) according to the
equation above. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the
exterior temperature and the minimum interior relative humidity at which condensation occurs
for the window?
a. It is linear because the minimum interior relative humidity increases by 1.2 over
every 11 F interval.
b. It is linear because the minimum interior relative humidity increases by 1.2 over
every 5 F interval.
c. It is exponential because the minimum interior relative humidity increases by 20%
over every 11 F interval.
d. It is exponential because the minimum interior relative humidity increases by 20%
over every 5 F interval.
8. Of the following scenarios, which one would result in linear growth of the square footage
of a store?
a. The owner increases the square footage by 0.75% each year.
b. The owner increases the square footage by 5% each year.
c. The owner expands the store by 5% of the original square footage each year.
d. The owner alternates between adding 200 square feet one year and 300 square feet the
next year.
9. A field is becoming infested with a weed. Currently, the weed has infested 150 square
meters (m ) of the field. Assuming the weed is an anemochore, the seeds will disperse
with the wind and the infested area will double every two months. Otherwise, the infested
area will increase by 250 m every month. Six months from now, which situation has the
largest infested area and by how much area is it larger than the other situation in square
meters?
a. If the weed is not an anemochore, the infested area is larger by 450 m .
b. If the weed is not an anemochore, the infested area is larger by 7,950 m .
c. If the weed is an anemochore, the infested area is larger by 450 m .
d. If the weed is an anemochore, the infested area is larger by 7,950 m .

10.
Abrasive water jets are often used as a safe, precise way of cutting natural stone. The
function above relates the percent of pores (open space) in a stone sample to the cutting
depth of the water jet, in millimeters. Which of the following statements best describes the
relationship between the percent of pores and the cutting depth?
a. It is linear because the depth increases by a fixed amount for every increase of 1% in
 the pores.
b. It is linear because the depth increases by the same percent for every increase of 10%
in the pores.
c. It is exponential because the depth increases by a fixed amount for every 1% increase
in the pores.
d. It is exponential because the depth increases by the same percent for every 1%
increase in the pores.
11. A government agency compared the number of analysts each of its departments was
employing annually. When the study began (year = 0), the treasury and the transportation
department both employed 8 analysts. The treasury increased the number of analysts it
was employing by 50% every 2 years. The transportation department employed 6 more
analysts each year. What is the total number of analysts employed by the two
departments at the end of the 6th year?
a. 17 O.R. analysts
b. 45 O.R. analysts
c. 71 O.R. analysts
d. 135 O.R. analysts
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Linear and Exponential Growth
1.
Year ( ) Value of Goods Traded ( , millions)
1995 88
1996 132
1997 198
1998 297
1999 446
Over a five-year interval, the total value of goods, , in millions of dollars traded
between country and country increased according to the table above where is
the year. Which of the following best describes the growth in the value of goods traded
over the five-year interval?
a. The growth is exponential with the value of goods traded increasing by approximately
44% each year.
b. The growth is exponential with the value of goods traded increasing by approximately
50% each year.
c. The growth is linear with the value of goods traded increasing by approximately 44
million dollars each year.
d. The growth is linear with the value of goods traded increasing by approximately 50
million dollars each year.
2. The table at left shows the number of bicycles that train riders brought on board in a city.
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the year and
the number of bicycles?
Year Bicycles Brought on Train
2004 1,600
2006 2,043
2008 2,609
2010 3,331
2012 4,254
2014 5,431
a. It is linear because the number of bicycles increases by the same factor every 2 years.
b. It is linear because the number of bicycles increases by the same quantity every 2
years.
c. It is exponential because the number of bicycles increases by the same factor every 2
years.
 d. It is exponential because the number of bicycles increases by the same quantity every
2 years.
3.
A heavily damped spring is released upon being stretched 10 centimeters from its
equilibrium position. The distance from the spring’s end to its equilibrium position, , is
given by the equation above where is the time in seconds after release. Which of the
following best describes over time?
a. decreases linearly and reaches 0 within 4 seconds.
b. decreases linearly and never reaches 0.
c. decreases exponentially and reaches 0 within 4 seconds.
d. decreases exponentially and never reaches 0.
4. The table at left shows low-budget airline companies’ percentage share of all low-cost
seats in the Philippines compared to other airline companies. Which of the following
statements best describes the growth of low-budget airlines’ percentage share of low-cost
seats in the Philippines?
Year Low-Budget Airlines’ Share
of Low-Cost Seats
2004 28%
2006 34%
2008 43%
2010 56%
2012 78%

a. The growth is approximately linear, since the percentage share of low-cost seats
increases by roughly 13% every year.
b. The growth is approximately linear, since the percentage share of low-cost seats
increases by roughly 13% every 2 years.
c. The growth is approximately exponential, since the percentage share of low-cost seats
grows at an average rate of 1.3 times each year.
d. The growth is approximately exponential, since the percentage share of low-cost seats
grows at an average rate of 1.3 times every 2 years.

5.

The value, , in dollars of a particular house months after purchase follows the
equation given above where is a positive integer. Which of the following statements best
describes the value of the house over time?
a. The value of the house increases linearly.
b. The value of the house decreases linearly.
c. The value of the house increases exponentially.
d. The value of the house decreases exponentially.

6. An economist uses two models, and , to value a foreign currency in dollars. has
a value of today and increases by 0.14 every year in the future, where is a

constant. has a value of today and quadruples every years in the future, where
and are positive constants. Both models take the same amount of time to double in
value from today. What is the value of ?

7.
A mechanical engineer is simulating the rupture of a water tank by puncturing a duplicate
water tank and analyzing the water flow. The engineer notices that the rate of water flow,

, in liters per second seconds after puncturing satisfies the equation shown above.
Which of the following statements best describes the rate of water flow over time?
a. The rate of water flow increases linearly.
b. The rate of water flow decreases linearly.
c. The rate of water flow increases exponentially.
d. The rate of water flow decreases exponentially.
8.
Photo-electrons ( mol) G-value (RGB light units)
.025 43
.05 85
.075 128
.1 170
.125 213
.15 255
A digital camera measures the number of micromoles ( mol) of photo-electrons of green
light. A programmer creates a function that assigns a whole number G-value (another
measurement of green light) from 0 to 255 based on the photo-electrons, as shown in the
table at left. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the number of
photo-electrons and the G-value?
a. It is approximately linear, because the G-value increases by approximately 42.5 light
units with each 0.025 mol increase in photo-electrons.
b. It is approximately linear, because the G-value approximately doubles with each
0.025 mol increase in photo-electrons.
c. It is approximately exponential because the G-value approximately doubles with each
0.025 mol increase in photo-electrons.
d. It is approximately exponential, because the G-value approximately increases 20%
with each 0.025 mol increase in photo-electrons.
9. An online newsletter currently has 1,000 subscribers. If the number of subscribers triples

every six months, which of the following functions gives the number of
subscribers the newsletter will have years from now?

a.

b.

c.

d.

10.

The function above can be used to estimate the number of farms, , in millions, in the
United States for , where is the number of years after 1940. Which of the
following is the best interpretation of the number 5.77 in this context?
a. The estimated number of farms, in millions, in 1940.
b. The estimated number of farms, in millions, years after 1940.
c. The estimated decrease in the number of farms, in millions, each year after 1940.
d. The estimated percent by which the number of farms decreased from each year to the
next after 1940.
11. Radioactive substances decay over time. The mass , in grams, of a particular
radioactive substance days after the beginning of an experiment is shown in the table
below.
Number of days, Mass, (grams)
0 120.00
30 103.21
 60 88.78
90 76.36

If this relationship is modeled by the function , which of the following could be

the values of and ?
a. and
b. and
c. and
d. and

12.
The number of microscopic organisms in a petri dish grows exponentially with time. The
function above models the number of organisms after growing for days in the petri dish.
Based on the function, which of the following statements is true?
a. The predicted number of organisms in the dish triples every two days.
b. The predicted number of organisms in the dish doubles every three days.
c. The predicted number of organisms in the dish triples every day.
d. The predicted number of organisms in the dish doubles every day.
Topic 08: Scatter Plots
Level 02: Scatter Plots
IN CLASS PRACTICE: Scatterplots
1. Water Vapor Saturation vs. Temperature

The scatter plot drawn at left shows the amount of water vapor, , in grams, that will
saturate 1 cubic meter of air at sea level for different temperatures in degrees Celsius, . A
function that models the data shown is:

What does the value 4.19 in the model tell us about the amount of water vapor that will
saturate 1 cubic meter of air at sea level?
a. It will take approximately 4.19 grams of water vapor to saturate the air when the air
temperature is 0 degrees Celsius.
b. It will take exactly 4.19 grams of water vapor to saturate the air when the air
temperature is 0 degrees Celsius.
c. As the air temperature increases by 1 degree Celsius, the grams of water vapor needed
to saturate it increases by a rate of 4.19%.
d. As the air temperature increases by 1 degree Celsius, the grams of water vapor needed
to saturate it decreases by a rate of 4.19%.
2. U.S. Organic Food Sales
The scatterplot to the left shows information on organic food sales in the United States (US)
from 2005 to 2012, where represents years since 2005 and represents total sales, in
billions of dollars, of organic food in the US.
Which of the following equations best models the relationship between the number of years
since 2007 and the total sales of organic food?
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. Cost for a 30 Second Advertisement
The scatterplot to the left shows the costs to run a 30 second (sec) advertisement during a
major sporting event from 1970 to 2010, where is years since 1970 and is the cost, in
thousands of dollars. An exponential function that models the data is shown above. Based on
the model, which of the following is a true statement?
a. The cost to run a 30 sec advertisement during this sporting event in 1970 was about
$1.1 million.
b. The cost to run a 30 sec advertisement during this sporting event in 2010 was about
$1.1 million.
c. Between 1970 and 2010, the cost to run a 30 sec advertisement during this sporting
event increased by about $110,000 each year.
d. Between 1970 and 2010, the cost to run a 30 sec advertisement during this sporting
event increased by about 10% each year.
4. Population of Florida Over Time
The scatterplot to the left shows the population of Florida, , in millions, from 1900 to 2010,
where represents years since 1900. Which of the following exponential equations best
models the population of Florida from 1900 to 2010?

a.

b.

c.

d.
5. NFL Draftee Trade Value vs. Draft Number

The owners of the teams in the National Football League (NFL) have developed a trade value
chart, which assigns a numerical value to recently drafted players. Draftees with the highest
numerical value are considered to be most valuable on the trading market. For example, the
number 1 draft pick is worth 3,000 draft points and could be traded for picks 2 (worth 2,600
points) and 50 (worth 400 points).
The scatter plot drawn at left depicts the trade value, , in points, of draftees based on their
draft number, . Which of the following functions best describes the relationship shown?

a.

b.

c.

d.
6. Smartphone Sales

The scatterplot to the left shows the number of smartphones sold, , in millions, at a certain
company from 2008 to 2012, where represents years since 2008. Which of the following
best models the relationship between and ?

a.

b.

c.

d.
7. World Population (1950 – 2013)
The scatter plot at left shows the world population between the years 1950 and 201A
function that models the data shown is:

where represents the number of years since 1950, and represents the world
population in billions of people. According to this model, what was the approximate world
population in the year 1981?
a. 2.34 billion people
b. 4.51 billion people
c. 5.2 billion people
d. 1,252.29 billion people
8. U.S. Prime Lending Rates (2004 – 2009)
The scatter plot drawn at left depicts the change in prime lending rates (interest rates), , of
United States (U.S.) major banks from 2004 to 2009. If is the number of years since 2004,
which of the following functions best describes the relationship shown?

a.

b.

c.

d.
9. Dial-up Internet Trends

The scatterplot to the left shows the percent, , of Americans that reported accessing the
Internet at home via dial-up Internet service. If represents the years since 2005, which of
the following exponential equations best models the trend in the percent of dial-up users from
2005 to 2012?

a.

b.

c.

d.
10. Population of St. Louis, Missouri
The scatter plot at left shows the population, , in thousands of people, of St. Louis,
Missouri from 1950 to 2010, with the number of years since 1950. Based on the line of
best fit to the data shown, which of the following values is closest to the average yearly
change in the population of St. Louis, Missouri?
a. thousand
b. thousand
c. thousand
d. thousand
HOMEWORK PRACTICE: Scatterplots
1. Weight vs. Fuel Economy

The weight and fuel economy for various vehicles were measured and recorded in the scatterplot
to the left. Given that represents the weight of the vehicle, in thousands of pounds (lbs), and
represents the fuel economy, in miles per gallon (mpg), which of the following equations best
models the relationship between and ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2. Cooling Coffee
The scatterplot to the left shows the temperatures, , in degrees Celsius ( C), of a cup of coffee
cooling in a 22 C room at 5-minute intervals. If represents the time, in minutes, since the
coffee had a temperature of 92 C, which of the following could be used to predict the
temperature of the coffee for ?
a.
b.

c.

d.
3. Average 2014 MLB Salary by Age
The scatterplot to the left shows average 2014 Major League Baseball (MLB) salaries, , in
millions of dollars, for players years of age. Which of the following quadratic equations best
models the relationship between a MLB player’s age and his salary?

a.

b.

c.

d.
4. Typing Experiment
Miles conducted an experiment to determine if there was a connection between a person’s age
and the person’s typing rate. During the experiment, all subjects were asked to type the same
essay. Their age, , and typing rate , in words per minute, were recorded in the scatterplot
shown at left. According to the experiment, which of the following equations best models the
relationship between age and typing rate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
5. North Dakota Population
The scatterplot to the left shows the population of North Dakota, , in thousands, from 2000 to
2014. Which of the following is the best quadratic model for the North Dakota population, where
is the number of years since 2000?

a.

b.

c.

d.
6. Concentration of Antibiotic in Patient’s Bloodstream
The scatterplot drawn at left depicts the concentration, , in milligrams per liter (mg/L), of
an antibiotic in a patient’s bloodstream hours after taking the antibiotic. Which of the
following functions best describes the relationship shown?

a.

b.

c.

d.
7. A digital photographer experimented with her hourly pricing for a year. She changed her
hourly rate each month and recorded her corresponding monthly earnings. The scatterplot
below shows the monthly earnings, , in dollars, for one year.
 Which of the following equations best models the relationship between the
photographer’s hourly rate, , and her monthly earnings?

a.

b.

c.

d.
8.
The scatterplot to the left shows the cost, , in thousands of dollars, and living space, , in
square feet (ft ) for several houses in a certain neighborhood. According to the data, which
of the following best approximates the cost for an additional square foot of living space for
homes in this neighborhood?
a. $80
b. $300
c. $1,000
d. $13,000
9. US Rock Album Sales
The scatterplot to the left shows the number, , in millions, of rock albums sold in the
United States (US) from 2008 to 2014. A line of best fit is shown on the graph. According to
the model, if this trend continues, which of the following best predicts the number of rock
albums sold in the US in 2016?
a. 8 million
b. 68 million
c. 83 million
d. 130 million
10. Price of Gold in US Dollars
The scatterplot to the left shows the price, , per troy ounce of gold in United States’ (US)
dollars from 1996 to 2011, where represents years since 1996. Which of the following
equations best models the data?

a.

b.

c.

d.
11. Video Sharing
The scatter plot to the left shows the number of times, , in thousands, a video has been
shared on a given day, , after the video was initially shared. If the exponential function that
best models the data is shown above, which of the following best describes the percent by
which the number of shares increased each day?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 18%
d. 40%
12. Altitude vs. Temperature
Jude sees the scatterplot to the left relating altitude and temperature in his meteorology
textbook. Given that stands for altitude, in thousands of feet (ft), and stands for
temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit ( F), which of the following statements is the best
interpretation for the slope of the line of best fit in this situation?
a. The temperature decreases by about 3.5 F for every 1 ft of elevation gain.
b. The temperature decreases by about 1 F for every 3.5 ft of elevation gain.
c. The temperature decreases by about 3.5 F for every 1000 ft of elevation gain.
d. The temperature decreases by about 1000 F for every 3.5 ft of elevation gain.
13. Calories Burned vs. Speed
The scatterplot to the left shows the number of calories a 130-pound individual burns during
a 1-hour bike ride at various speeds. For , which of the following best models the
relationship between and , where represents the speed of the rider, in miles per hour
(mph), and represents the total calories burned?
a.
b.
c.
d.
14. Internet Use by American Adults (1995 – 2014)
The scatterplot at left shows the different percentages, , of Americans that reported using
the internet years after 1995. Based on the line of best fit to the data shown, which of the
following values is closest to the average yearly change in the percentage of American adults
that use the internet?
a. percent
b. percent
c. percent
d. percent
15. Latitude vs. Temperature ( F)
The scatterplot to the left shows the latitudes of various United States (US) cities plotted
against the city’s average September temperature, where is the latitude of the city, in
degrees, and is the city’s average September temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit ( F). A
line that approximates the data is shown on the graph. Which of the following statements is
the best interpretation for the slope of the line of best fit in this situation?
a. The average September temperature for a US city decreases by 2 F for each 3 degree
increase in latitude.
b. The average September temperature for a US city increases by 2 F for each 3 degree
increase in latitude.
c. The average September temperature for a US city decreases by 3 F for each 2 degree
increase in latitude.
d. The average September temperature for a US city increases by 3 F for each 2 degree
increase in latitude.
16. Bone Density vs. Age in Women
A clinic recorded age and bone mineral density for several of its patients in the scatter plot to
the left. Given that represents the age of the patient, in years, and represents the bone
mineral density, in grams per square centimeter ( ), which of the following equations
best models the data?

a.

b.

c.

d.
17. Wolf Population Over Time

The population, , of a formerly endangered species of wolf was recorded every three
months for 5 years. The scatter plot shown on the left in the -plane shows the population
months after January 1, 1990. Which of the following equations best models the relationship
between and ?
a.
b.
 c.

d.
18. Lifetimes of Mendelevium Atoms

A chemist is measuring the lifetimes of a number of atoms of the element mendelevium. The
plot shown on the left in the -plane shows the number of atoms, , which had a lifetime
of hours rounded to the nearest hour. Which of the following equations best models the
relationship between and ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
19. Price vs. Revenue
The plot shown on the left in the -plane measures the price, , in dollars, of an appliance
company’s mixer and the recorded monthly revenue, , in thousands of dollars at that price.
Which of the following equations best models the relationship between and ?
a.
b.

c.

d.
20. Velocity vs. Pressure
The plot on the left in the -plane shows the pressure, , in kilopascals, of the internal
water within a pipe measured as the water moves with particular velocities, , in meters per
second flowing to the right. Which of the following equations best models the relationship
between and ?
a.
b.

c.

d.