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Question Tutorial 10

The document contains a tutorial from the National University of Singapore's Department of Mathematics focusing on topics in calculus and linear algebra, specifically examining linear independence, subspaces, and linear systems. It includes exercises that require determining linear independence of vector sets, finding bases and dimensions of subspaces, and solving linear equations. Additionally, it discusses the properties of vector subspaces and their relationships, including sums and intersections.

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4 views6 pages

Question Tutorial 10

The document contains a tutorial from the National University of Singapore's Department of Mathematics focusing on topics in calculus and linear algebra, specifically examining linear independence, subspaces, and linear systems. It includes exercises that require determining linear independence of vector sets, finding bases and dimensions of subspaces, and solving linear equations. Additionally, it discusses the properties of vector subspaces and their relationships, including sums and intersections.

Uploaded by

phdmathstutor
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

Department of Mathematics

TCX2101: Calculus and Linear Algebra for Computing Tutorial 10

1. For each of the following sets of vectors S,

(i) Determine if S is linearly independent.


(ii) If S is linearly dependent, express one of the vectors in S as a linear combination
of the others.
        
 2 0 2 3 
(a) S = −1 , 3 , 4 , 6 .
 
0 2 3 6
    
 1 3 
(b) S =  1 , 4 .
 
 
0 2
     
 1 3 0 
(c) S =  1 , 4 , 0 .
   
 
0 2 0
      
 1 0 1 
(d) S = 0 , 1 ,  2  .
 
0 1 −1
2. For each of the following subspaces V ,

(i) find a basis for V .


(ii) find the dimension of V .
   

 a + b 

   
a + c
(a) V = 
c + d 
 a, b, c, d ∈ R .

 

 
b+d
        
 1 −1 0 1 
(b) V = span  0  ,  2  , 3 , −1 .
 
−1 3 0 1
(c) V is the solution space of the following homogeneous linear system

 a1 + a3 + a4 − a5 = 0
a2 + a3 + 2a4 + a5 = 0

a1 + a2 + 2a3 + a4 − 2a5 = 0

3. (a) Let a1 x1 + a2 x2 + · · · + an xn = b be a linear equation. Express this linear system


as a · x = b for some (column) vectors a and x.
(b) Find the solution set of the linear system

x1 + 3x2 − 2x3 =0
2x1 + 6x2 − 5x3 − 2x4 = 0
+ 5x3 + 10x4 = 0

(c) Find a nonzero vector v ∈ R4 such that a1 · v = 0, a2 · v = 0, and a3 · v = 0, where


     
1 2 0
3 6 0
a1 =  
−2 , a2 = −5 ,
 a3 = 
 5 .

0 −2 10

This exercise demonstrates the fact that if A is a m × n matrix, then the solution set
of the homogeneous linear system Ax = 0 consist of all the vectors in Rn that are
orthogonal to every row vector of A.

4. Let U and V be subspaces of Rn . We define the sum U + V to be the set of vectors

{ u + v u ∈ U and v ∈ V }.
        

 1 1   1 1 
      
    
1  2  0  ,  0  .
Suppose U = span  ,
1  2  , V = span 1  2 

  
 
   
1 1 0 −1

(a) Is U ∪ V a subspace of R4 ?
(b) Show that U + V a subspace by showing that it can be written as a span of a set.
What is the dimension?
(c) Show that U +V contains U and V . This shows that U +V is a subspace containing
U ∪V.
(d) What are the dimensions of U and V ?
(e) Show that U ∩ V a subspace by showing that it can be written as a span of a set.
What is the dimension?
(f) Verify that dim(U + V ) = dim(U ) + dim(V ) − dim(U ∩ V ).

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