DAY 3 NOTES: Questions, Negatives, and
Auxiliary Verbs
1. Auxiliary Verbs (Helping Verbs)
Auxiliary verbs help the main verb to show time, mood, voice, or to make questions and
negatives.
Main Auxiliary Verbs
1. Be – am, is, are, was, were
2. Have – have, has, had
3. Do – do, does, did
4. Modals – can, could, may, might, must, should, will, would, shall, etc.
Where do we use auxiliary verbs?
To form questions
To make negative sentences
To form continuous/perfect tenses
To show possibility/permission (modals)
2. Forming Negatives
A. Using Do/Does/Did (Simple Present & Simple Past)
Structure: do/does/did + not + main verb (base form)
Tense Positive Negative
Simple Present She works. She does not work.
Simple Past They played. They did not play.
✔ Use does not (doesn't) with he/she/it
✔ Use do not (don't) with I/you/we/they
✔ Use did not (didn't) for past
B. Using Be (am/is/are/was/were)
Put not after the auxiliary verb.
Positive Negative
He is happy. He is not happy.
They are late. They are not late.
I am ready. I am not ready.
C. Using Have (Perfect Tenses)
Positive Negative
She has finished. She has not finished.
They have gone. They have not gone.
D. Negatives with Modal Verbs
Structure: modal + not + main verb
Positive Negative
She can swim. She cannot swim.
You should go. You should not go.
He will come. He will not come.
3. Forming Questions
A. Yes/No Questions
Structure: Auxiliary verb + subject + main verb?
Examples:
Do you like tea?
Does he play cricket?
Did they come yesterday?
Are you ready?
Has she finished?
Can he drive?
B. WH- Questions (What, Where, Why, When, Who, How)
Structure:
WH-word + auxiliary + subject + main verb?
Examples:
Where do you live?
Why does he shout?
When did they arrive?
What are you doing?
How has she managed it?
C. Questions with "be" as main verb
Structure: Be + subject?
Examples:
Are you a teacher?
Is he your brother?
Were they tired?
D. Questions with "Who" and "What" as subject
Structure: Who/What + verb + object? (No auxiliary)
Examples:
Who broke the glass?
Who came to the party?
What happened yesterday?
4. Short Answers
A. Using Do/Does/Did
Do you like coffee?
→ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does she drive?
→ Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
B. Using Be
Are you ready?
→ Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
C. Using Have
Have they left?
→ Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
5. Common Mistakes and Corrections
❌ Incorrect: She don’t like apples.
✔ Correct: She doesn’t like apples.
❌ Incorrect: Did you went there?
✔ Correct: Did you go there? (base form)
❌ Incorrect: Where you are going?
✔ Correct: Where are you going?
❌ Incorrect: He is not understand.
✔ Correct: He does not understand.
6. Practice Examples
Change into negative:
1. She sings well. → She does not sing well.
2. They were happy. → They were not happy.
Change into question:
1. He likes football. → Does he like football?
2. They are coming. → Are they coming?