Class 10 Mathematics: Probability
Comprehensive Practice Set - Chapter 14
Theoretical Foundation & Basic Concepts
1. Define an elementary event and show that the sum of the probabilities of all
the elementary events of an experiment is 1.
2. Explain the difference between an impossible event and a sure event, giving
their respective probability values.
3. If the probability of winning a game is 0.62, what is the probability of losing
it?
4. Can the probability of an event be −1.5 or 15%? Explain the valid range for the
probability of an event P(E).
Coin & Dice Experiments
5. Two unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of
getting:
(i) Exactly one head
(ii) At least one head
(iii) At most one head
6. Three coins are tossed together. Write down the sample space and find the
probability of obtaining no heads.
7. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting:
(i) A prime number
(ii) A number lying between 2 and 6
(iii) An odd number
8. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability that the sum of
the two numbers appearing on the top of the dice is:
(i) 8
(ii) 13
(iii) Less than or equal to 12
Card Experiments (Playing Cards)
9. One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability
of getting:
(i) A king of red color
(ii) A face card
(iii) A red face card
(iv) The jack of hearts
(v) A spade
(vi) The queen of diamonds
10. Five cards—the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well-shuffled
with their face downwards. One card is then picked up at random.
(i) What is the probability that the card is the queen?
(ii) If the queen is drawn and put aside, what is the probability that the second
card picked up is an ace?
Box, Bag, and Selection Models
11. A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from
the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is:
(i) Red?
(ii) Not red?
12. A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles. One
marble is taken out of the box at random. What is the probability that the marble
taken out will be:
(i) Red?
(ii) White?
(iii) Not green?
13. A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are
good. Nuri will buy a pen if it is good, but will not buy it if it is defective. The
shopkeeper draws one pen at random and gives it to her. What is the probability
that:
(i) She will buy it?
(ii) She will not buy it?
14. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is
drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears:
(i) A two-digit number
(ii) A perfect square number
(iii) A number divisible by 5
Advanced Geometric & Logic Problems
15. 12 defective pens are accidentally mixed with 132 good ones. It is not
possible to just look at a pen and tell whether or not it is defective. One pen is
taken out at random from this lot. Determine the probability that the pen taken
out is a good one.
16. A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin 3 times and noting its outcome
each time. Hanif wins if all the tosses give the same result i.e., three heads or
three tails, and loses otherwise. Calculate the probability that Hanif will lose the
game.
17. Geometric Probability: Suppose you drop a die at random on the
rectangular region of dimensions 3m × 2m. What is the probability that it will land
inside the circle with a diameter of 1m?
18. A piggy bank contains hundred 50p coins, fifty Rs 1 coins, twenty Rs 2 coins
and ten Rs 5 coins. If it is equally likely that one of the coins will fall out when the
bank is turned upside down, what is the probability that the coin:
(i) Will be a 50p coin?
(ii) Will not be a Rs 5 coin?
19. A jar contains 24 marbles, some are green and others are blue. If a marble
is drawn at random from the jar, the probability that it is green is 2/3. Find the
number of blue marbles in the jar.
20. Two customers, Shyam and Ekta, are visiting a particular shop in the same
week (Tuesday to Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the shop on any day as
on another day. What is the probability that both will visit the shop on:
(i) The same day?
(ii) Consecutive days?