INSTITUTION : SIGALAGALA NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC

NAME : OTIENO GREGORY ODHIAMBO

ADMISSION NO. : CAEL/20418/24M

COURSE OF STUDY : CERTIFICATE IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING

INSTITUTION OF ATTACHMENT: SOUTH NYANZA SUGAR COMPANY LTD

DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL AND AUTOMOTIVE

DURATION OF ATTACHMENT : 3 MONTHS

1
Contents
DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................................3
ORGANIZATION BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................4
1.1 HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION......................................................................................................4
VISION.................................................................................................................................................4
MISSION...............................................................................................................................................4
CORE VALUES.......................................................................................................................................4
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE....................................................................................................................5
Powers and Duties of Officers.................................................................................................................5
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DAILY ACTIVITIES.............................................................................................6
WHEEL TRACTOR.....................................................................................................................................6
TYER BAY.................................................................................................................................................8
HEAVY PLANT..........................................................................................................................................9
MACHINE SHOP.........................................................................................................................................10
MOTORCYCLE........................................................................................................................................11
AUTO – ELECTRICAL...............................................................................................................................12
Tractor implement attachment options................................................................................................14
1. Fully Mounted:..........................................................................................................................14
2. Semi-mounted type:..................................................................................................................14
PURPOSE OF ATTACHMENT.......................................................................................................................16
CHALLENGES..............................................................................................................................................17
RESOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES..........................................................................................................18
FINDINGS...................................................................................................................................................19
RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................................................20
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................21

2
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project report entitled “ATTACHMENT REPORT” is my own
work conducted under the supervision and guide of my industrial supervisor.
I further declare that this report has not been submitted for an attachment report submission
or any other award in the College.

Signed: ________________________ Date: __________________________

Name: OTIENO GREGORY ODHIAMBO

Signature…………………date……………….

3
ORGANIZATION BACKGROUND
1.1 HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION
SOUTH NYANZA SUGAR COMPANY LTD Limited was launched in the year 1971. The
founder who had the agenda of teaching practical work to avoid idleness in most of the youth to
have the skills in some parts of engineering in automotive skills e.g. spray painting ,panel
beating, engine technology and transmission system.

The company has manage to produce the knowledgeable youths and full of skills on automotive
engineering ,where they have been a good role model in the society which have provides for
many youth self employment.

VISION

To be a household name in the auto repairs and maintenance industry by offering high quality
services at affordable prices in the region.

MISSION

Perfection and efficiency

To offer unique and affordable products and services
To excel in customer satisfaction and retention

CORE VALUES

Commitment, towards the highest of ethics, integrity and transparency

Valuing our customers
Teamwork
Being innovative
Professionalism and Objective
Guaranteed excellent service in automotive repair and maintenance.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

4
The company’s shareholding structure is as follows: Government of Kenya-98.8%, Centum
Investment Co. (ICDC)-0.71%, Industrial Development Bank (IDB)-0.28% and Mehta Group-
0.21%. Hence, the company is listed as a state corporation in Kenya and as such, the business is
obliged to align its strategies and operations to the national plans, policies and regulations at all
times. These have changed in the recent past with the launch of Medium Term Plan III and the
Big Four Agenda.

The Executive Committee shall hold meetings every two (2) months to deliberate on urgent
issues and prepare agenda for Management Committee meetings.

Powers and Duties of Officers

CHAIRMAN
 Shall ensure proper administration in the organization.
 Shall preside over all meetings
 Shall safeguard the organization’s assets and interests.

SECRETARY
 Shall take care of the correspondence of the organization.
 Shall take and keep minutes of the meetings of the organization.

ASSISTANT SECRETARY
 Shall act in the absence of the Secretary.
 Shall perform any other duties as may be delegated to him by the Secretary from
Time to time.

TREASURER
 Shall keep financial records of the organization.
 Shall keep the organization’s assets.
 Shall maintain all necessary accounting records, maintain bank account of the
organization in accordance with generally accepted accounting guidelines and principles.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DAILY ACTIVITIES

5
 WHEEL TRACTOR
Fixing of fuel tank.

 Placing the fuel tank of attractor to its original position.

 Bolting of the staircase to the tractor floor.

Unbolting of winch box and replacing with a new ones

 Unbolting of the lower part nut, by using of the appropriate spanners.

 Unbolting of the upper part of the nut after holding it with a crane to avoid accident.

Replacement of rock arm cover seal.

 Assembling the spanner.

 Open the tractor bonnet.
 Loosening the bolt and removing them.
 Remove the horse pipe from the turbo charger
 Remove air cleaner
 Remove the rock arms cover seals
 Cleaning of the rock arm
 Replacement, fix it back. Testing

Overhauling of the gearbox and outside cleaning of the gear box

 Lift the track and place it on the safer stand.

 Assembling of the spanner
 Drain the gear box oil
 Loosen the bolt and remove, securing it to the engine and shake and remove it.
 Use the lifting machine to bring the gear box to the work bench.
 Do the outside cleaning.

Disassembling.

 Remove the top cover.

6
  Remove the selector rods and the gear retainer. And gear interlock.
 Remove the input shaft.
 Remove the gears and the main shaft.
 Remove the gears on the lay shaft.
 Remove the reverse gear.

Replacement of the injector nozzles

 Loosen and remove the horse pipe from the injector pump
 Loosen the bolt of the injector nozzle and remove them
 Lift the injector nozzle slowly and remove it.

Replacement of the injector pump.

 Disconnect the fuel pipe from the fuel filter

 Disconnect the horse pipe from the injector nozzle.
 Unbolt the pump and remove it.

Replacement of a turbo charger.

 Remove the silencer and the exhaust pipe.

 Disconnect it from the air cleaner.
 Disconnect it from the engine.
 Remove the turbo charger
 Replace with a new one

7
 TYER BAY
 Deflate the tyre
 Dismantle the tyre bid.
 Remove the tube.
 Inflate the tube.
 Check the puncture part using soapy water.
 Scrape the puncture using scrapping disc.
 Apply the galvanizing cement on the scrapped part.
 Mount back the tube into the tyre
 Inflate the tyre according to its PSI standard.

Puncture repair of a tubeless tyre

 Inflate the tyre.

 Scrape the puncture part with galvanizing cement .
 Insert the stitching fiber using incretion pin.
 Inflate the tyre according t its PSI standard.
 Apply the soapy water to confirm the puncture.

Tools used for tube tyre

 Tyre lever – for mounting and dismantling of tyre.

 Anle line – breaking of the tyre bid.
 Sledge hammer – breaking and dismantling of tyre.
 Axle – breaking of the tyre bead
 Patch – mend the puncture part
 Galvanizing cement – for stitching the patch.
 Inflating cage – to avoid accident in case of tyre exploitation.
 Compressing machine – to inflate the tyre.
 Scrapping disc – to scrap the puncture part.

8
Tools for tubeless tyre.

 insertion pin – spiral prope stitching fiber.

HEAVY PLANT.
Replacing the piston seals of the double acting cylinder of a bell tractor.

 Disconnect the cylinder from the grubber.

 Bring the cylinder from the vice piece.
 Remove the shaft from the barrel.
 Remove the worn-out seals.
 Replace the new ones.
 Fix back the cylinder.

Replacing the engine mounting brush of a bell tractor

 Loosening the bolts and remove them.

 Lift up the engine to remove the mounting brush.
 Cleaning up the parts of the brush removed.
 Replacing with a new engine mounting brush.
 Lower the engine out to the brush.
 Tighten the engine brush.

Replacing of couplings of a TX pump of a bell tractor.

Types of coupling

 Nylon coupling
 Metallic coupling
 Steal coupling
 Dismantling of the TX pump to and remove the worn out couplings.
 Remove the coupling of the first part of the pump, nylon and metallic.
 Remove the steal coupling from the third part of the pump.
 Replace the couplings with new ones.
 Fix the pump back to the original position.

9
MACHINE SHOP
Parts of a lathe machine and their function.

1) Bed – its offer some mounting for the other part of the late machine.
2) Head stock – it’s on the left side of the lathe, its used to hold the gear terrain chunk, main
spindle speed control lever and feed controllers.
3) Chunk – it caries the main spindle on head stock it rotates with the spindle which intern
rotates with work pieces.
4) Main spindle – its used to hold the work pieces, its hollow shaft on which this chunk is
mounted.
5) Feed selector – its used to select the direction of the feed whether you want to move the
tool from left or right, its found on the right end stock.
6) Tail stock – its found on the right hand side of the lathe its support the work pieces from
the right end

Operation of the lathe machine

 Facing – it’s the first operation done on this work pieces, its done to produce flat surface
at the end of the work pieces.
 Turning – it’s this operation done to remove excess material from the surface of the work
piece.
 Drilling – it’s the process of making hole on work pieces by user of drilling.
 Boring – process of making holes on work piece.
 Knurling – process of making indentation, it’s done to provide – better grip of the work
piece.
 Testing of the center of the shaft using a centre testing block
 Holding the shaft onto the chulk.
 Switch on the machine and bring a center testing block
 Check center while loosening of the parts which are close to the center testing block to
balance it.
 Repeat the procedure until the shaft Is balanced ta the center.

10
MOTORCYCLE.
Serving of the plug and replacing with the new ones.

 Disconnecting the plug cable.

 Loosening of the plug and remove it.
 Scrap the plug with a sand paper to remove the rusts.
 Wash with fuel.
 Fix it back and to the testing.
 Replace the worn out ones with new ones.

Servicing of the caburator.

 Switch of the fuel from fuel tank.

 Disconnect the fuel pipe.
 Disconnect air pipe from the air cleaner.
 Unbolt it to separate from the engine.
 Loosen the bolts and remove.
 Remove the carburetor from the motorcycle.
 Dismantle it and clean with fuel.
 Fix it back and do the testing.

Service of air cleaner.

 Remove the motorcycle side cover.

 Unbolt the air cleaner cover and remove it.
 Remove the air cleaner.
 Wash it using fuel, to remove dust.
 Squeeze it to remove the dust.
 Wash the housing using fuel.
 Return the air cleaner.
 Bolt the cover back
 Test it.

11
Dismantling of a motorcycle engine and cleaning of engine parts.

 Disconnect the exhaust pipe from the engine.

 Disconnect the carburetor from the engine.
 Remove the kick start pedal from the engine.
 Remove the plug from the engine
 Remove the engine block.
 Remove the cylinder head.
 Remove the crank-shaft
 Remove the engine.
 Remove the kick start rod and open the engine.
 Remove the gears and clean.
 Remove the cutch and pressure plate and clean using fuel.

Replacement of the crankshaft.

 Disconnect the exhaust pipe from the engine.

 Remove the pug from the engine.
 Remove the engine block.
 Remove the crankshaft from the engine.
 Replace with anew one.
 Fix it back.
 Mount the engine block.
 Connect the exhaust pipe to the engine.
 Fix the plug back
 Do the testing.

AUTO – ELECTRICAL
Battery fitting on a car.

 Remove cable from the battery terminals.

 Remove the screw of the fastener holding the battery in place then remove the battery
 Inspect the tray, the old battery was resting on.
 Position your new battery on the tray.

12
  Replace the screw / the fasteners to the new battery.

Replacement of the turn signal bulb.

 This will be likely done from the back of the light fixture.
 Release the clip or rotate the back of the bulbs connectors from the back of the fixture.
 Once you have the bulbs removed from the fixture you can disconnect from the
terminals.
 Take your old bulb and your mew bulb and ensure they have the same codeand indeed
the same part.

Jump starting a recover at pressured orpa

 It was done by attaching the negative ( - ) terminals on the working battery.

 Fixing of the earth wire from the battery to complete the electrical connection, whereby
the negative terminal is connected to the body of the machine.
 Replacement of a fuse on a tractor first disconnect equipment from power before
removing a fuse.

13
Tractor implement attachment options
1. Fully Mounted: Also just called mounted implements are those that are attached to the tractor
through a hitch linkage in such a manner that it is completely supported by the tractor when in
the raised position. The linkage usually provides rotational stability about the longitudinal axis
and it permits depth or height control by vertical support from the tractor, if desired, while the
tool is in operating position.
2. Semi-mounted type: These are attached to the tractor though never completely supported by
the tractor. In usual situation, the hinge axis is transverse at the rear of the tractor and the hitch
provides rotational stability about the longitudinal axis. The implement may respond directly
to tractor steering, but if vertical hinge axis is super-imposed on the horizontal axis (as on
large semi-mounted ploughs), the rear of the implement is guided by its own wheel(s).
3. Trailed/ pull type: These are the ones that are pulled and guided from a single hitch point and
is never completely supported by the tractor.

Note:

Most tractor implements are rear mounted. However it is possible to find implements that are
side mounted, mid mounted or front mounted. The main reason for front mounting a plough is
to secure maximum ploughing efficiency from a high powered four-wheel-drive tractor rather
than to carry out two or more operations simultaneously. When using a large rear mounted
plough on a four-wheel-drive tractor, there is need for a considerable amount of front ballast if
its front drive capability is to be effective. Most leading plough manufactures consider it logical
to substitute a two or a three furrow front plough for the usual cast iron front ballast weights. The
front mounted implement has the disadvantage that it adds to turning and road usage difficulties.
The pictures below show the various implement attachment options.

14
Reduced/minimum tillage and zero tillage

Engineers and Crop Scientist are in agreement that excessive tillage is being done than is
necessary to assure maximum net income from crop production. In some cases, soil compaction
from the tractor and implements in a sequence of secondary operations may virtually eliminate
the effect of primary tillage operations.

In recent years there has been increased interest in reduced/minimum tillage systems as a
means of reducing row-crop production costs and improving soil conditions. Minimum tillage is
a broad principle that can be applied in many ways to:
 Reduce mechanical energy & labour requirements.
 Conserve moisture and reduce soil erosion.
 Perform only the operations necessary to optimize the soil conditions for each type of area
within a field (e.g. row area versus inter-row areas).
 Minimize the number of trips over the field to reduce compaction.

In some minimum tillage systems, till-and-plant combination unit follow ploughing, chiseling or
other primary tillage with a narrow strip receiving shallow secondary tillage just a head of the
planter. Other minimum tillage combination units perform zone or strip tillage just ahead of the
planter in untilled land or in land that was ploughed the previous season. Several arrangements of
combination units that will perform minimum tillage and planting operations are commercially
available.

In no-tillage/zero tillage system, a fluted coulter or other appropriate tool cuts and till a strip of
5cm to 8cm wide through the land and the planters follows immediately behind. In zero tillage or
no tillage methods, the weeds or previous crop remains may be killed by spraying with
herbicides and the new seeds planted straight into the untilled land. The dead vegetation
therefore:
 Provides a mulch on the soil surface
 Increases rainfall infiltration
 Reduces soil aeration, hence keeping low the soil temperatures
 Gradually decomposes adding organic matter to the soil and the dead roots systems
provides air and water

15
PURPOSE OF ATTACHMENT
 Prepare students for industrial work situation that they are likely to meet after graduation.
 Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment’s and
machinery that they may not be available in their institutions.
 Make transition from schools to the world of work easier and enhance students contract
for later job placements.
 Provide students with opportunities to apply their education knowledge to real work
situation, thereby bridging the gap between theory and practical.
 Enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the entire educational process and
prepare student for employment in the industry and commerce.

16
CHALLENGES
Just like any other endeavor of man the industrial attachment experience came along with its
challenges too and below are a few of them.

i. Adapting to the working environment.

ii. Another significant challenge that was faced by me was adherence to the resumption time
which was 8:00 am considering the unavoidable traffic faced along my route.
iii. Being able to cope with the harsh weather condition while going to site.
iv. Ability to multitask.

17
RESOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES
a. Talking to the managements on the delegations of duties from senior employees
to the minors like the attaches
b. Working very smart and achieve the deadlines and perseverance.
c. I should prepare earlier and get to the office or field in time and avoid the routes
with traffic jam

18
FINDINGS
My attachment formed the most crucial part of my learning since I gained more knowledge and
skills in practical work.

 This helped the organization to have proper management and to ensure that the
techniques used to carry out its activities are of high quality
 When the firm does not have enough capital to higher or to use the techniques that are
better it may end up doing a poor-quality work
 Also lack of qualified personnel may lead to poor management of the organization
leading to poor quality of work
 The organization should actually employ qualified personnel to ensure that work
production is of high quality
 The organization should avoid using manual where automated method is required
 The organization should have a proper working schedule before commencing its
operations

19
RECOMMENDATIONS

For the purpose of workers motivation, there should be a system where capture of arrival and
departure of workers should be noted and hence payment of overtime to be considered in order
for the motivation of workers.

The employees should endeavor to provide medical care for students within the limit or the
employer’s condition or services during attachment.
Tertiary education institutions all over the country should make serious efforts to secure quality
industrial training placement for industrial attachment participant in their respective field. The
search for an attachment position in a well-recognized establishment still remains a huge
problem for aspiring interns. The industrial training coordinator should look into this and
encourage industries to participate in training and equipping students with relevant skills and
knowledge

20
CONCLUSION
The industrial training over years has been found to be effective and efficient in closing the gap
between the scientific study and practical study. The student industrial work experience scheme
has exposed me to the practical work but also has opened me up in the way to interact with
senior colleagues in the field which has exposed me to the industry-based skills necessary for a
smooth transition from the classroom to real time practice of the profession.

In summery this training has exposed me to the following important spheres of development.

i. How to deal and interact with fellow Engineers in the field of civil engineering.
ii. Finding that teamwork is the most important element in every successful project.
iii. Learn that construction Manager is capable of a lot of work such as: supervision,
implementation, calculation of quotation and design of structures. Also, a Construction
Manager can work as a consultant or contractor.
iv. How to control and manage the site and how to behave when there is a problem by taking
a professional decision.
v. Plan must be clear and easy to read for those who will use it.
vi. Successful engineers must design an economic structure without impairing the safety of
the structure and the project is implemented time.

21