UEI627:Data Analytics

Lecture on Data Analytics Overview

By
Dr. Amit Kumar
Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Department
(Assistant Professor)
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology
(Deemed to be University)
Patiala, Punjab, India
Data analytics (DA) is the process of examining data sets in order to find trends and draw conclusions
about the information they contain.
Data analytics is the science of analyzing raw data to make conclusions about that
information.

•Data analytics help a business optimize its performance, perform more efficiently, maximize
profit, or make more strategically-guided decisions.

•Various approaches to data analytics include looking at what happened (descriptive

•Data analytics relies on a variety of software tools ranging from spreadsheets, data
visualization, and reporting tools, data mining programs, or open-source languages for the
greatest data manipulation.
Data Analysis Steps

The steps involved are:

• The first step is to determine the data requirements or how the data is grouped. Data
may be separated by age, demographic, income, or gender. Data values may be
numerical or be divided by category.
• The second step in data analytics is the process of collecting it. This can be done
through a variety of sources such as computers, online sources, cameras, environmental
sources, or through personnel.
• Once the data is collected, it must be organized so it can be analyzed. This may take
place on a spreadsheet or other form of software that can take statistical data.
• The data is then cleaned up before analysis. This means it is scrubbed and checked to
ensure there is no duplication or error, and that it is not incomplete. This step helps
correct any errors before it goes on to a data analyst to be analyzed.
Data Analytics Techniques
•Regression analysis entails analyzing the relationship between dependent variables to
determine how a change in one may affect the change in another.
•Factor analysis entails taking a large data set and shrinking it to a smaller data set. The
goal of this maneuver is to attempt to discover hidden trends that would otherwise have been
more difficult to see.
•Cohort analysis is the process of breaking a data set into groups of similar data, often
broken into a customer demographic. This allows data analysts and other users of data
analytics to further dive into the numbers relating to a specific subset of data.
•Monte Carlo simulations model the probability of different outcomes happening. Often
used for risk mitigation and loss prevention, these simulations incorporate multiple values
and variables and often have greater forecasting capabilities than other data analytics
approaches.
•Time series analysis tracks data over time and solidifies the relationship between the value
of a data point and the occurrence of the data point. This data analysis technique is usually
used to spot cyclical trends or to project financial forecasts.
Data analytics tools
•Microsoft Excel is a software program that enables you to organize, format, and calculate data using
formulas within a spreadsheet system. Microsoft Excel may be used by data analysts to run basic
queries and to create pivot tables, graphs, and charts.
•Tableau is a popular business intelligence and data analytics software which is primarily used as
a tool for data visualization. Data analysts use Tableau to simplify raw data into visual dashboards,
worksheets, maps, and charts. This helps to make the data accessible and easy to understand,
allowing data analysts to effectively share their insights and recommendations.
•SAS is a command-driven software package used for carrying out advanced statistical analysis and
data visualization. Offering a wide variety of statistical methods and algorithms, customizable
options for analysis and output, and publication-quality graphics,
•RapidMiner is a software package used for data mining (uncovering patterns), text mining,
predictive analytics, and machine learning. Used by both data analysts and data scientists alike,
RapidMiner comes with a wide range of features—including data modeling, validation, and
automation.
•Power BI is a business analytics solution that lets you visualize your data and share insights across
your organization. Similar to Tableau, Power BI is primarily used for data visualization. While
Tableau is built for data analysts, Power BI is a more general business intelligence tool.
Descriptive Statistics
• Descriptive statistics are brief informational coefficients that summarize a given data
set, which can be either a representation of the entire population or a sample of a
population.
• Descriptive statistics are broken down into measures of central tendency and
measures of variability (spread).
• Measures of central tendency include the mean, median, and mode, while measures
of variability include standard deviation, variance, minimum and maximum
variables, kurtosis, and skewness.
 Inferential statistics

Inferential statistics is one of the two main branches of statistics. Inferential statistics use a
random sample of data taken from a population to describe and make inferences
about the population.
Thank you