KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA CCL RANCHI

SUMMER HOLIDAY HOME WORK

SOLUTIONS
Q1 What do you understand by colligative properties? Write them.
Q2 (a)Show graphically that the freezing point of a liquid will be depressed when a non
volatile solute is dissolved in it.
(b)The freezing point of a solution containing 0.3gm of acetic acid in 30.0gm of benzene is
lowered by 0.450C. calculate the vant Hoff factor (Kf for benzene = 5.12KKg/mol)
Q3 One litre aqueous solution of sucrose (mm =342gmmol-) weighting 1015gm is found to
record
on osmotic pressure of 4.82 atm at 293K. What is the molarity of the sucrose solution? (R=
0.0821 atm mol-1K-1)
Q4 (a) Show graphically how the vapour pressure of solvent and a solution in it of a non-
volatile
solute change with temperature. Show on this graph the boiling points of the solvent and
solution. Which is higher and why?
(b) A solution containing 3.00g of BaCl2 in 250g of water boils at 100.0830C. Calculate the
value of vant hoff factor and molality of BaCl2 in this solution. ( Kb for water =0.52KK/mol
molar
mass of BaCl2 =208.3gmol-1)
Q5 Calculate the number of moles of methanol in 5 litre of its 2m solution. If the density of
the solution is 0.981 Kg/l (Molecular mass of methanol = 32.0 gm/mol)
Q6 An aqueous solution containing 1.248g of BaCl2(mm = 208.34g/mol) in 100 g of water
boils at 100.08320C. Calculate the degree of dissociation of BaCl2 (Kb for water is
0.52KKg/mol)
Q7 a)What are ideal non ideal solutions. Explain with the suitable diagram the behaviour of
ideal solution.
b) Assuming complete dissociation, Calculate the expected freezing point of a solution ,
prepared by dissolving 6.00g of Glaubers salt (NaSO4.10H2O) in 0.100Kg of water)Kf =
1.86KKg/mol
Q8 What is meant by Vant Hoff factor? The osmotic pressure of a 0.0103 molar solution of an
electrolyte is found to be 0.70 atm at 270C. Calculate the Vant Hoff factor (R = 0.082Latm
mol-1K-1) What conclusion do you draw about the molecular state of the solute in the
solution?
Q9 What is the sum of the molecular fraction of all the components in the 3 component
System.
Q10 Define following terms (i)Mole fraction (ii) molarity
Q11 The elements A and B form purely covalent compounds having molecular formulae AB2
and
AB4. When dissolved in 20g of benzene 1gm of AB2 lowers the freezing point by 2.3K
whereas
1gm of AB4 lowers it by 1.3K .The molar depression constant for benzene is 5.1KKg/mol.
Calculate the atomic mass of A and atomic mass of B.
Q12 Calculate the molality of a solution containing 20.7g of K2CO3. Dissolved in 500ml of
solution assume density is 1g/ml3
Q13 What would be the value of Vant Hoff factor for a dilute solution of K2SO4 in water
Q14 State Henrys law for solubility of a gas in a liquid. Explain the significance of Henrys
law
Constant (KH). at the same temperature, hydrogen is mole soluble in water than helium.
Which
will have a higher value of KH and why?
Q15 (a)Urea forms an ideal solution in water. Determine the vapour pressure of an aqueous
soln containing 10% by mass of urea at 400C vapour pressure of water at 400C is 55.3 mmHg.
(b)Why is freezing point depression of 0.1 M NaCl solution twice that of 0.1 M glucose
solution.
Q16. State the condition resulting in reverse osmosis.
Q17 A 0.1539 molal aqueous solution of cane sugar (M=342 g mol-1) has a freezing point of
271K
while the freezing point of pure water is 273.15K. What will be the freezing point of on
aqueous
solution containing 5g of glucose (M=180 g/mol) per 100 g of solution.
Q18 How much of sucrose is to be added to 500 g of water such that it boils at 100°C if the
molal elevation constant for water is 0.52 K kg mol-1 and the boiling point of water at 750
mm Hg is 99.63°C?
Q19 Define osmotic pressure and describe how the molecular mass can be determined on the
basis of osmotic pressure measurement.
Q20 State Raoults law for Solution of volatile liquid components. Taking a suitable example
explain the meaning of (+) deviation.
Q21 A Solution containing 8 gm of a substance in 100 gm of diethyl ether boils at 36.86oC
whereas pure ether boils at 35.600C. Determine the mole mass of solute Kb=2.02 KKg/ mol)
Q22 a) Calculate the temp. at which a soln containing 54 gm of glucose in 250 g of water will
freeze
(Kf=1.86kg/mol)
b) 100mg of a protein is dissolved in enough water to make 10ml of a solution. If this
solution
has an osmotic pressure of 13.3mm Hg at 250 C. What is the molar mass of the protein?
R=0.0821 Latm mol-1 k-1) and 760 mm Hg=1atm
c) What conc. of nitrogen should be present in a glass of water at room temperature?
Assume a temp of 250C, total pressure is 1 atm and mole fraction of Nitrogen in air is 0.78.
KH is
8.42 X10-7M/mmHg for nitrogen.
Q23 What mass of ethylene glycol (M=62.0g/mol) must be added to 5.50kg of water from
00C to -100C (Kf for water = 1.86kg/mol)
Q24 15g of an unknown molecular substance was dissolved in 450g of water. The resulting
solution
freezes at -0.340C. What is the molar mass of the substance (Kf for water is 2.86KKg/mol)
Q25 What mass of NaCl must be dissolved in 65.0gm of water to lower the freezing point of
water by
[Link] freezing point depression constant Kf 1.86KKg/mol. Assume vant Hoff factor for
NaCl
is 1.87 (M=58.5 gm)
Q26 A solution of glycerol(C3H8O3)) in water was prepared by dissolving some glycerol in
500g of water. This solution has a boiling point of 100. [Link] mass of glycerol was
dissolved to make this
solution? (Kb for water is 0.512KKg/mol)
Q27 a) An aqueous solution of 10gm of glucose (C6H12O6) in 90gm of water at 303K. If the
vapor pressure of pure water at 303K be 32.8mmHg. What would be the vapour pressure of
the
solution.
(b)1.00g of a non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50g of benzene by 0.40K. Find the molar
mass of the
solute (Kf for benzene is 5.12KKg/mol)
c)Define the following terms (i)Ideal solution (ii) Azeotrope (iii) Osmotic pressure
Q28 a) A solution of glucose(C6H12O6) in water is labelled as 10% by weight. What would be
the
molality of the solution?(molar mass of glucose is 180mol-1)
(b)A solution containing 15g urea (M = 60) per litre of solution in water has the same osmotic
pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (M180) in water. Calculate the mass of glucose
present in one litre of its solution.
Q29 What type of deviation is shown by a mixture of ethanol ad acetone? Give reason.
Q30 (i)Why are aquatic species more comfortable in cold water than in warm water?
(ii) What happens when we place the blood cell in saline water solution (hypertonic
solution)?
Q31 Vapour pressure of water at 200C is 17.5mmHg. Calculate the vapour pressure of water
at 200C When 15 gm of glucose is dissolved in 150gm of water.
Q32(i)Write the colligative property which is used to find the molecular mass of
macromolecules.
(ii)In non ideal solution what type of deviation shows the formation of minimum boiling
Azeotropes
Q33 Calculate the boiling point of solution when 2g of Na2SO4 was dissolved in 50g of water,
assuming Na2SO4 undergoes complete ionization.
Q34 (a)A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269.15K.
Calculate
the freezing point of 10% glucose in water if the freeing point of pure water is 273.15K
Given (Molar mass of sucrose = 342gmol-1 and Molar mass of glucose = 180gmol-1)
(b) 30g of urea (M=60gmol-1) is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure
of water for this solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298K in 23.8 mmHg.
(c) Write two differences between ideal solutions and non-ideal solutions.
Q36 Calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 60 g of in 250 g of water (kf of
water = 1.86 KKg/mol)
Q37 A solution containing 1.9 g per 100 ml of KCl (M = 74.5 g mol-) is isotonic with a
solution
containing 3 g per 100 ml of Urea (M = 60). Calculate the degree of dissociation of KCl
solution. Assume that both the solution have same temperature.
Q38What happens when
(i) A pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated
from solvent by a semipermeable membrane?
(ii) Acetone is added to pure ethanol?
Q39 The freezing point of a solution containing 5g of benzoic acid (M = 122g mol-1) in 35 g
of
benzene is depressed by 2.94 K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it forms
a
dimer in solutions? ( Kf for benzoic acid = 4.9 Kg mol-1)
Q40 When 2.5g of a non-volatile solute was dissolved in 50ml of water, it gave boiling point
elevation of 0.520C. The molar mass of the solute is (Kb for water = 0.52 Kkgmol-1)

Electrochemistry
1. Conductivity of 0.00241M acetic acid is 7.896X10-5 Scm-1. Calculate its molar
conductivity
and it the limiting molar conductivity of acetic acid is 390.5 Scm2 mol-1. What is its degree
dissociation?
[Link] the Nernst equation for the cell and find the emf of the cell at 298K
Mg(s) /Mg2+(0.001M)llCu2+(0.0001m)/Cu(s)Given that E0 Mg2+/Mg= -2.36 V, E0 Cu2+/Cu = +0.34
V
[Link] the cell in which the following reaction takes place
Mg(s) + 2Ag+ (0.0001M) → Mg2+ (0.130 M) + 2Ag(s)
Calculate its Ecell if Eo cell = 3.17 V .Calculate Gibb’s free energy change and equilibrium
constant
[Link] a Nickel spatula be used to stir a solution of copper sulphate? Justify your answer.
(E ˚Ni+2/Ni= -0.25V E˚ =0.34V)
Cu2+/Cu

[Link] conductivity of 0.20M KCl solution at 298K is 0.0248 S/cm. Calculate its molar
conductivity.
6. Write the Nernst equation for the following cell.
Ni(s) +2Ag+ (0.01M)-------→ Ni 2+(aq) (0.001M) + 2Ag(s)
7. Given that standard electrode potentials,of different metal ion are:
K+/K =- 2.93V, Ag+/Ag = 0.80V, Hg 2+/Hg= 0.79 V,Mg 2+/Mg =2.37V, Cr 3+/Cr =-0.74V
Arrange these metals in their increasing order of reducing power.
[Link] does conductivity of a solution decrease with dilution?
[Link] EMF of a cell corresponding to the reaction ( E˚ Zn2+ /Zn= -0.76V)
Zn(s) +2H+(aq) --------------→ Zn 2+(0.1M) +H2(g,1atm) is 0.28V at 250c
Write the half cell reaction and calculate the PH of the solution at Hydrogen electrode
10. EMF =0.2V at 298K Cd(s) /Cd2+(?)llNi2+(2.0M)/Ni(s)
Given that E0 Cd2+/Cd= -0.40 V E0 Ni2+/Ni = -0.25V
11. Write the cell reaction of a lead storage battery when it is discharging electrolyte change
when the battery is discharged?
12. Why on dilution the ⋀m of CH3COOH increases drastically while that of CH3COONa
increases gradually?
13. (a) Which type of a metal can be used in cathodic protection of iron against rusting?
(b) Write the name of the electrolyte used in fuel cell.
14. The molar conductivity of sodium acetate, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid are
83,127 and 426 mho cm2mol−1 at 250∘C respectively. Calculate the molar conductivity of
acetic acid solution.
15. What will be the sign of ΔG for an electrochemical cell and an electrolytic cell?
16. The resistance of a conductivity cell containing 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 1500
W. What is the cell constant if conductivity of 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 0.146 × 10–3
S cm–1?
17. (i) Define limiting molar conductivity and fuel cell.
(ii) Resistance of a conductivity cell filled with 0.1 mol L–1 KCl solution is 100 ohm. If the
resistance of the same cell when filled with 0.02 mol L–1 KCl solution is 520 ohm, calculate
the conductivity and molar conductivity of 0.02 mol L–1 KCl solution. The conductivity of 0.1
molL–1 KCl solution is 1.29 × 10–2 ohm–1 cm–1.
18. (i) State two advantages of H2—O2 fuel cell over ordinary cell.
(ii) Silver is electrodeposited on a metallic vessel of total surface area 500 cm 2 by passing a
current of 0.5 amp for two hours. Calculate the thickness of silver deposited [Given: Density
of silver = 10.5 g cm–3, Atomic mass of silver = 108 amu, F = 96,500 C mol–1]
19. Conductivity of 2.5 × 10 – 4 M methanoic acid is 5.25 × 10 – 5 S cm–1. Calculate its molar
conductivity and degree of [Link]: lo (H+ ) = 349.5 S cm2 mol –1 and lo
(HCOO– ) = 50.5 S cm2 mol –1.
20 a.) Assertion (A) : The Daniell cell becomes dead after some time.
Reason (R) : Oxidation potential of zinc anode decrease and that of copper cathode increases.
b.) Assertion (A) : Copper liberates hydrogen from a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid.
Reason (R) : Copper is below hydrogen in the electrochemical series.
c.) Assertion (A) : F2 is stronger oxidising agent than Cl2.
Reason (R) : Oxidation potential of F2 is greater than that of Cl2.
d.) Assertion (A) : H2 – O2 fuel cell gives a constant voltage throughout its life.
Reason (R) : In this cell, H2 reacts with OH- ions, yet the overall concentration of OH- ions
does not change
6.) Assertion (A) : Molar conductivity of a weak electrolyte at infinite dilution cannot be
determined experimentally.
Reason (R) : Kohlrausch law helps to find molar conductivity of a weak electrolyte at infinite
dilution.

PROJECTS
Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other
sources. Do it as assigned according to roll [Link]
a) Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of
ripening.
b) Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
c) Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with the natural milk with
respect to curd formation, effect of temperature, etc.
d) Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as food preservative under
various conditions (temperature, concentration, time, etc.)
e) Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and
temperature on it.
f) Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following materials: wheat
flour, gram flour, potato juice, carrot juice, etc.
g) Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carom),
Illaichi (cardamom).
h) Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric power,
chili powder and pepper.
I)Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices.