Assignment

Advanced Research
Methods
Submitted To

Maam Laiba Idrees

Submitted By

Dua Ansari

Registration number

F1F25MCP0089
MPhil Clinical Psychology 2025-2027

DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY RIPAH

INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 1: Research Article Analysis

Introduction:
Title: The Impact of Social Media Use on Adolescent Well-Being and Academic
Performance
Authors: RaziaAnjum, Zain Naeem, Arslan Asad Chaudhary, Qurat-ul-ain Asif, Abdul Rehman
Year of study: 2024
Journal: Journal of Education and Social Studies

Research Problem & Purpose

The study examines how social media use affects adolescent well-being and academic
performance. It focuses on prevalence, impact, and gender differences.

Research Questions

It has following research questions.

• Relationship between social media use and academic performance.
• Impact on mental and emotional well-being.
• Gender differences in impact.

Hypotheses

H1: Socialmedia negatively affects academic performance.

H0: Nosignificant effect.
Result: H0accepted, H1 rejected.

Variables

Independent: Social media use.

Dependent: Academic performance, well-being.
Control: Age,gender, school type.
Research Design
Theresearchdesign of this study is Quantitative, survey-based correlational design.

Population & following

The study has Sample population and sample size.
Students aged 14–18 from Lahore.
Sample size: 329 students.

Sampling Technique
ThestudyusedQuotasampling.

Data Collection
Structured questionnaire covering demographics, social media use, academic performance, and
well-being.

Statistical Methods
Correlation,regression, cross-tabulation using SPSS.

Results & Conclusion

Inthis study Weaknegative relationship was found among variables. Social media has both
positive and negative effects. A Balanced use is recommended.

Strengths
Largesamplesize, relevant topic, statistical analysis used.
Limitations
The studywaslimited to one city. There was weak correlation and no reliability reported and it
was a self-reported data.

Suggestions and Recommendations

Uselargeranddiversesamples,longitudinal studies, and validated tools.
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 2: Research Article Analysis
Title: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Academic Performance: A Case Study using
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis

Authors: NornadiahMohd Razali et al.

Year: 2024
Journal: JournalofMathematics and Computing Science

Research Purpose:
The purpose of thestudywas;
To examine the impactofsocial media usage on students’ academic performance and identify
significant influencingfactors.
Research Questions:
The study has followingresearch questions:
Does social media addiction affect academic performance? Which factors significantly influence
CGPA?
Independent Variables: Intense desire, impaired control, tolerance, harmful use, time spent,
engagement were considered as independent variables.
Dependent Variable: The study had a dependent variable of CGPA.

Research Design: The study had a Cross-sectional, quantitative, and correlational research
design.
Sample:The study included sample size of 363 students from a population of 5594.
Sampling Technique: Convenience sampling was used in this study.

Data Collection Tools: Online questionnaire, SMAQ, SMEQ were used as data collection tools.
Statistical Methods: Descriptive statistics, Multiple Linear Regression and ANOVA were used
as statistical methods.
Main Findings: Intense desire and time spent negatively affect CGPA and tolerance has a
positive effect. Other variables are not significant.
Conclusion: Social media impacts academic performance depending on usage patterns.
Balanced use is important.
Strengths: Valid instruments, strong statistical analysis, good sample size are strengths of this
stud y.
Limitations: This study has following limitations. Convenience sampling, single university, no
reliability reporting.
Suggestions: Use random sampling, include more variables, and conduct longitudinal studies for
future research.

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Nornadiah Mohd Razali 32
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 3: Research Article Analysis

Title of the Article:

Social Media Usage among University Students and its Impact on Academic Performance,
Learning Attitudes and Subjective Wellbeing

Authors:
HassanKazimJunejo,Nazar Hussain, Ali Raza Lashari

Year of Publication:
2022

Journal Name:
PakistanSocialSciences Review (PSSR)

Research Problem / Purpose:

Thestudy examinestheimpactofsocial media usage on academic performance, learning
attitudes, and subjective well-being of university students.

Research
The study Questions:
has ollowing research questions:
Does social media usage affect academic performance?
What is its impact on learning attitudes?

How does it influence subjective well-being?

Hypotheses:
Thestudyhasfollowing hypotheses:
H1:Socialmedia usage negatively affects academic performance and learning attitude.
H2: Socialmedia usage negatively affects subjective well-being.

Independent Variable:
SocialMediaUsagewasitsindependent variable.

Dependent Variables:
AcademicPerformance,Learning Attitudes, Subjective Well-being were dependent vasriables.

Control Variables: control variables.

Therewerenospecified
Research Design:
Quantitative,cross-sectionalsurvey design.

Population and Sample Size:

Universitystudents,Samplesizewas 254 students of universities.

Sampling Technique:

Convenience samplingwas used in this study.

Data Collection Tools:

Self-administeredquestionnaire using 5-point Likert scale

Reliability and Validity:

ReportedusingCompositeReliability (CR) and Average Variance Extracted (AVE).

Statistical Methods: CFA, SEM were used as statistical methods.

Correlation,Regression,

Main Results:
Excessivesocialmedia usage negatively impacts academic performance, learning attitudes, and
[Link] media fatigue plays a mediating role.

Conclusion:
Studentsusing excessive social media show lower performance and well-being.

Strengths:
ThestudyhadRelevant topic and good sample size. It also used Advanced statistical analysis.

Limitations:
Thisstudyhasfollowing limitations:

Cross-sectionaldesign
Self-reporteddataand Limited scope.

Suggestions:
-Uselongitudinaldesign
-Expand sample
-Include controlvariables

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 4: Research Article Analysis

Title: Exploring the Effect of the Social Media on Academic Performance of the University
Students

Authors: [Link],Asma Ishtiaq, Dr. Shafqat Rasool

Year: 2024
Journal: InternationalJournalofSocial Science Archives

Research Problem & Purpose:

Thestudy investigateshowTikTokusage affects the academic performance of university
students.

Research Questions:
1. What is thelevelofTikTok use among students?
2. What is theacademic level of students?
3. What is theimpactof TikTok use on academic performance?

Hypotheses:
Hypothesiswere not explicitly stated.

Independent Variable:
TikTokusagewasusedas I.V.

Dependent Variable:
Academicperformance(CGPA) was treated as D.V.

Control Variables:
Therewerenoclearlymentioned Control variab4les in this study.

Research Design:
Quantitativeanddescriptive survey design was used for this study.

Population & Sample:

Universitystudents(BS,MPhil, PhD) in Faisalabad with Sample size of 400 students.

Sampling Technique:
Conveniencesamplingwas used in this study.

Questionnaire(35items,
Instruments: Likert scale) was used.
Reliability & Validity:

Reliability reported(Cronbach alpha values given); validity checked using factor analysis

Statistical Methods:
Results & Conclusion:
Poessictrivipetrievleatsitoantisshtiipcs b, et-ttwesete,n A TNikOTVoAk ,u csoe rarenlda taiocand, ermegirce spse
D
slight improvement.

Strengths:
The studyhas following strengths:
-Large sample size
-Use of multiple statistical methods
-Reliable instrument

Limitations:
Thisstudyhas following limitations:

It usedConvenience sampling and it was Limited to one city and used Self-reported data only.
Suggestions:
Following suggestions are submitted for futuristic research.
Itused random sampling and can be expanded to multiple regions.
It Included qualitative data.

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