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Human Reproduction

The document outlines a series of assertion-reasoning questions related to human reproductive biology, including topics such as testicular descent, fertilization, colostrum, and sperm structure. It also includes competency-based questions on ovarian structures, the acrosomal reaction, spermiogenesis, and mechanisms preventing polyspermy. Additionally, it presents case-based questions regarding the endocrine functions of the placenta and the processes of parturition and lactation.

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shankarprasadmondal776
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8 views2 pages

Human Reproduction

The document outlines a series of assertion-reasoning questions related to human reproductive biology, including topics such as testicular descent, fertilization, colostrum, and sperm structure. It also includes competency-based questions on ovarian structures, the acrosomal reaction, spermiogenesis, and mechanisms preventing polyspermy. Additionally, it presents case-based questions regarding the endocrine functions of the placenta and the processes of parturition and lactation.

Uploaded by

shankarprasadmondal776
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Section A:

Assertion-Reasoning (1 x 4 = 4 Marks)
Instructions: (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation. (b) Both A and
R are true, R is NOT the correct explanation. (c) A is true, R is false. (d) A is false,
R is true.
1. Assertion (A): The failure of testes to descend into the scrotum causes sterility.
Reason (R): The scrotum maintains a temperature 2–2.5°C lower than the internal
body temperature.
2. Assertion (A): All copulations do not lead to pregnancy.
Reason (R): Fertilization can only occur if the ovum and sperm are transported
simultaneously to the ampullary region.
3. Assertion (A): Colostrum is highly recommended by doctors for newborns.
Reason (R): It contains several antibodies (IgA) essential to develop resistance for
the newborn.
4. Assertion (A): The middle piece of the sperm is called the powerhouse.
Reason (R): It contains numerous mitochondria which produce energy for the
movement of the tail.
Section B:
Competency-Based Questions (2 x 4 = 8 Marks)
5. A medical student observes a slide of a human ovary and notices a large, yellow
endocrine mass.
o (i) Identify this structure.
o (ii) What happens to this structure if fertilization does not occur?
6. Explain the importance of the Acrosomal Reaction during fertilization. What
would happen if the acrosome was removed?
7. Differentiate between Spermiogenesis and Spermiation.
8. Only one sperm can fertilize an egg. Explain the mechanism that prevents
polyspermy.
Section C:
Case-Based Questions (4 x 2 = 8 Marks)
Case 1: The Endocrine Placenta
The placenta is not just a physical connection; it acts as a temporary endocrine
gland. It produces several hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogens, and progestogens.
9. (i) Which two hormones are produced in women only during pregnancy? (2M)
(ii) Explain the role of hCG in maintaining pregnancy. (2M)
Case 2: Parturition and Lactation
The process of delivery of the foetus (parturition) is induced by a complex
neuroendocrine mechanism involving signals from the fully developed foetus and
the placenta.
10.(i) What is the Foetal Ejection Reflex? (2M)
(ii) Name the hormone responsible for strong uterine contractions and mention
where it is released from. (2M)

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