UNIT-2
CONSTUCTOR
Constructors in Java
Types of constructors
Index • Default Constructor
• Parameterized Constructor
Constructor Overloading
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Constructors in Java
In Java, a constructor is a
• block of codes similar to the method.
It is called
• when an instance of the class is created.
At the time of calling constructor,
• memory for the object is allocated in the memory.
It is a special type of method
• which is used to initialize the object.
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Constructors in Java
Every time an object is created using the new() keyword,
# at least one constructor is called.
It calls a default constructor
# if there is no constructor available in the class.
In such case, Java compiler provides a
# default constructor by default.
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No-Argument Constructor
(Default Constructor)
Types of
Constructor Parameterized Constructor.
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Rules for creating Java constructor
There are two rules defined for the constructor.
Constructor name A Constructor A Java constructor
must be must have cannot be
• the same as its class • no explicit return • abstract, static, final,
name type and synchronized
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Java Default Constructor
A constructor is called "Default Constructor"
• when it doesn't have any parameter.
Syntax for Default Constructor:
<class_name>()
{….........}
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Java
Default
Constru
ctor
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Java Default Constructor
• OUTPUT
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Java
JavaDefault Constructor
Default Constructor
• If there is no constructor in a class, compiler automatically creates
a default constructor.
Class Notebook Class Notebook
{ {
. Compiler Notebook()
. {
.
} }
}
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The default constructor
is
Why Java • used to provide the
Default
default values
Constructor? • to the object like 0,
null, etc.,
• depending on the type.
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Java Parameterized Constructor
A constructor
• which has a specific number of parameters
• is called a parameterized constructor.
The parameterized constructor is
• used to provide different values to distinct objects.
However, you can provide the same values also.
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Java
Peramet
rized
Constru
ctor
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JavaJava
Parameterized Constructor
Default Constructor
• OUTPUT
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A constructor is just like a method
• but without return type.
It can also be overloaded like
• Java methods.
Constructor Constructor overloading in Java is a
Overloading • technique of having more than one constructor
• with different parameter lists.
They are arranged in a way that
• each constructor performs a different task.
They are differentiated by the compiler
• by the number of parameters in the list and
• their types.
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Constru
ctor
Overloa
ding
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Example of Constructor Overloading
Example of Constructor Overloading
• OUTPUT
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Difference between constructor and method
Java Constructor Java Method
•A constructor is used to initialize the state of •A method is used to expose the behavior of
an object. an object.
•A constructor must not have a return type. •A method must have a return type.
•The constructor is invoked implicitly. •The method is invoked explicitly.
•The Java compiler provides a default •The method is not provided by the compiler
constructor if you don't have any constructor in a in any case.
class.
•The constructor name must be same as the •The method name may or may not be same
class name. as the class name.
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Java Copy Constructor
There is no copy constructor
• in Java.
However, we can copy the values
• from one object to another like
There are many ways to copy the values of one object into another in Java.
• By constructor
• By assigning the values of one object into another
• By clone() method of Object class
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C
O
P
Y
C
O
N
S
T
U
C
T
O
R
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Java
JavaCopy
Copy Constructor
Constructor
• OUTPUT
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We can copy the values of
Copying • one object into another
• by assigning the objects values
values
• to another object.
without
constructor In this case,
• there is no need to create the
constructor.
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Copying
values
without
construct
or
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Javavalues
Copying Copywithout
Constructor
constructor
• OUTPUT
Obj1 Obj2 After Obj2
copying
106 Krina
id = 106 id = 0 id = 106 106 Krina
Name=Krina Name=Null Name=Krina
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Javavalues
Copying Copywithout
Constructor
constructor
• OUTPUT
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Call by value in Java
There is only call by value in java,
• not call by reference.
If we call a method passing a value,
• it is known as call by value.
The changes being done in the called method,
• is not affected in the calling method
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Call by
value
in Java
Examp
le:
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Call by value in Java Example:
• OUTPUT
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Exampl
e of
Call by
Refence
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Example of Call by Refence
• OUTPUT
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THANK YOU
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