What I Need To Know

 Prove the conditions for similarity of triangles. (M9GE-IIIg-h-1)

 Solve problems and prove statements by means of the AA Similarity
Postulate, SAS Similarity Theorem and SSS Similarity Theorem.

What I Know

Find out how much you already know about the module. Write the letter that
you think is the best answer to each question on a sheet of paper. Answer all items. After
taking and checking this short test, take note of the items that you were not able to
answer correctly and look for the right answers as you go through this module.
1. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 based from the figure below. Which of the following will
support the similarity statement?

10 16 20
P
 a. AA Similarity Postulate B Q

b. SAS Similarity Theorem 8

A C R
c. SSS Similarity Theorem 6 12

d. ASA Similarity Postulate

2. Which theorem or postulate proves that the triangles below are similar?
a. AA Similarity Postulate T
G
b. SSS Similarity Theorem 18mm
6mm
55°
c. SAS Similarity Theorem 55°
E 8mm O
R I
d. ASA Similarity Postulate 24mm

3. Which theorem proves that ∆𝐸𝐷𝐶~∆𝐸𝐴𝐵?

a. SAS ~ Theorem b. SSS ~ Theorem

c. ASA ~ Theorem d. AA ~ Postulate

 4. If two angles of one triangle are congruent to 2 angles of another triangle, then
the triangles are similar by
a. SSS Theorem c. ASA Postulate
b. AA Postulate d. SAS Theorem

5. Which pairs of triangles below are similar?

a. d and f
b. d and g

c. f and g
d. No triangles are similar.

a. SAS ~ Theorem
6. Which of the conditions below, prove that the two triangles are similar?
5{

b. SSS~Theorem
15
c. ASA~ Postulate

d. AA~ Postulate

7. The lengths of the corresponding sides of two similar triangles are 5 cm and 20
cm. Which of the following is the ratio of the corresponding sides?
a. 1: 2 b. 1: 4 c. 3:4 d. 2:3

For items 8 & 9, let ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 be similar triangles.

8. Find the value of 𝑥.

. a. 20 b. 18 c. 16 d. 15

9. What must be the value of y?

a. 20 b. 18 c. 16 d. 15

10. In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, ̅𝐷̅̅𝐸̅ ∥ ̅𝐴̅𝐶̅ . If |𝐵𝐷| = 12

𝑐𝑚, |𝐵𝐶| = 30 𝑐𝑚, |𝐴𝐶| = 35 𝑐𝑚 and |𝐴𝐷| =
3 𝑐𝑚, then which of the following must be the length of ̅𝐷̅𝐸̅?
a. 16 cm B
b. 20 cm
c. 24 cm D E
d. 28 cm
A C
11. Are the triangles at the right similar? Then which of the following will

a. Yes, ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅~∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 by SSS

support your statement?

b. Yes, ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅~∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 by AAA

c. No, corresponding sides are not proportional.

d. No, corresponding angles are not congruent.

12. If PQR is similar to XYZ, then what is the perimeter of XYZ?

a) 21

b) 63

c) 105
d) 126

13. Which of the following pairs of similar triangles illustrates the SAS Similarity
Theorem?

14. Which of the following theorems proves that the two triangles are similar?
a. SSS

b. SAS
c. ASA
d. AA
15. Which of the following conditions can be used to prove the statement; “Two
right triangles are similar, if the legs of the first right triangle are
proportional to the corresponding legs of another right triangle”?
a. ASA~ Theorem b. SAS~ Theorem
c. SSS~ Theorem d. AA~ TheorEm
 Proves the Conditions for Similarity
of a Triangle – SAS, SSS and AA
Similarity Theorem

In the previous lessons, you have learned about similarity between two triangles
including right triangles. In this module, you will apply the right triangle similarity
theorem to prove another theorem that we use to find the measures of the sides of a
right triangle.

Activity 1:

A. Name the postulate or theorem that can be used to prove that the triangles are
congruent.

1. 4.

2. 5.

3. 6.

B. Solve the following proportion.

=
8 12 𝑧
=
30
= =
18
60
10.
𝑘 3
8.
7.
7 𝑥 24 48 𝑦
9.
Lesson content:

CITY PLANNERS

In Metro Manila, city planners are also called urban planners. They determine
the best use of a community’s land and resources for homes, business, and recreation.
They also work on community problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution.
The effects of the proposed changes in the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) to
general community quarantine (GCQ) in the metro are also being studied by them.
These Planners use mathematical analysis to evaluate the different conditions and to
predict the impact of each condition on a community.
Planners wanted to construct and justify statements about the proportionality
between the cause and effect of their planning and its implementation to the
community. They use different signs that using equilateral triangles which are similar to
inform the public on the direction and danger.
These strategies are comparable to the Triangle Similarity Theorems such as
AA (angle-angle) Similarity Postulate, SAS (side-angle-side) Similarity Theorem, and
SSS (side-side-side) Similarity Theorem. Using these conditions, the city planner can
easily determine the impact of their plan to the community by comparing it to the scenario
on the field.
In the previous year, you learned that polygons having the same size and shape
are congruent. In this module, you will study triangles that have the same shape but
are not necessarily of the same size. These triangles are said to be similar. How do we
define similar triangles? What are the conditions to say that two triangles are similar?
Definition:
Two triangles are similar if and only if their corresponding angles are congruent
and their corresponding sides are proportional.

Given: ΔABC ~ ΔDEF

E
B

C D F
A
Congruence of Corresponding angles:

∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷, ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸 , ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐹

Proportionality of Corresponding sides:

̅𝐴̅̅𝐵̅ ̅ ̅̅𝐶̅
𝐵 ̅𝐴̅̅𝐶̅
̅𝐷̅̅𝐸=
̅ ̅𝐸𝐹̅̅ ̅ =̅𝐷̅ 𝐹̅ ̅
the sides must be listed in corresponding order. Hence, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 is not the
Since triangle similarity is a correspondence between triangles, the angles and

same as ∆𝐵𝐶𝐴~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹.

The AA Similarity Postulate: If the corresponding angles of two triangles are

congruent, then the two triangles are similar.
Condition: ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸,
A D

∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐸

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
Conclusion: C B F E

The AA Similarity Theorem is derived from this postulate.

Theorems on triangle similarity

1. The AA Similarity Theorem: If two angles of a triangle are congruent to two

Given: ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷
angles of another triangle then the two triangles are similar.

∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸 D
Prove: ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
A

C B F E
Proof:
 Statements Reasons
1. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸
1. Given

2. 𝑚∠𝐴 = m∠𝐷
𝑚∠𝐵 = m∠𝐸
2. Definition of congruent
angles
3. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 = m∠𝐷 + 𝑚∠E 3. APE

4. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠C = 1800 4. In any triangle,

m∠𝐷 + 𝑚∠E + 𝑚∠F = 1800
its angle is 1800.
the sum of the measures of

5. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠C = m∠𝐷 + 𝑚∠E

+ 𝑚∠F
5. Transitive property

6. 𝑚∠C = 𝑚∠F 6. Subtraction Property

of equality
7. ∠C ≅ ∠F 7. Definition of congruent
angles
8. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 8. AAA Similarity Postulate

Example 1:
Determine if the two triangles are similar.

Since m∠M = m∠Q = 1200 and

m∠O = m∠R = 400,

∠𝑀 ≅ ∠𝑄 and ∠𝑂 ≅ ∠𝑅.

By the AA Similarity Postulate,

∆MNO ~ ∆QPR.

Example 2.
Explain why the triangles below are similar. Then write a similarity statement.

Solution:
 The two triangles are similar because of AA Similarity Postulate ;
 m∠R = m∠V = 450, therefore ∠R ≅ ∠V.
Also, ∠WSR ≅ ∠BSV because of Vertical Angle Theorem.
 The similarity statement for the above triangles is ∆𝑊𝑆𝑅~∆𝐵𝑆𝑉.

2. SAS Similarity Theorem. If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of

another triangle, and the lengths of the sides forming those angles are in proportion,
then the triangles are similar.
 ̅𝐴̅̅𝐵̅ ̅𝐴̅̅𝐶̅
∠A ≅ ∠Q
= ̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅ ̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
Given: ,

X Y
Prove: ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆

Proof:

1. Let X be a point on ̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅ such

Statements Reasons

that ̅𝐴̅̅𝐵̅ ≅ ̅𝑄̅̅𝑋̅

1. By construction

2. Draw a line through X

parallel to ̅𝑅̅𝑆̅. (𝑋̅𝑌̅ ∥ ̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅ )
2. Parallel postulate

3. ∠QXY ≅ ∠R 3. If two lines are cut by a

transversal then corresponding

4. ∠Q ≅ ∠Q
angles are congruent.
4. Reflexive Property
5. ∠A ≅ ∠Q [Link]
6. ∆𝑄𝑋𝑌~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆 6. AA Similarity Theorem
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑋 𝑄𝑌
7. =̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
7. Definition of similar triangles
̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝑄𝑌
8. =̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
8. Substitution (from statement 1)
̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
9. =̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
9. Given
̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑌 𝐴𝐶
10. ̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
=̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
10. Transitive property (statement 8

11. ̅𝑄̅̅𝑌̅ ≅ ̅𝐴̅̅𝐶̅

and 9)
11. Multiplication Property
12. |𝑄𝑌| = |𝐴𝐶| 12. Definition of Congruent

13. ∠A ≅ ∠Q
Segments
13. Given
14. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑄𝑋𝑌 14. SAS Congruence
15. ∠B ≅ ∠QXY 15. CPCTC
16. ∠B ≅ ∠R 16. Transitive property (statement 3

17. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆
and 15)
17. AA Similarity Theorem

Example 1: Given ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 and ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, if ∠𝑄 ≅ ∠𝐸 write a proportion so that ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 ~

∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 by SAS Similarity theorem.
Solution: Draw ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 and ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹. The sides that form ∠𝑄 are ̅𝑃̅̅𝑄̅ and ̅𝑄̅𝑅̅ . The
sides that form ∠𝐸 are ̅𝐷̅̅𝐸̅ and ̅𝐸̅𝐹̅.
D P

|𝐷𝐸|
Therefore, the proportion is |𝑃𝑄|
= E F
|𝑄𝑅| |𝐸𝐹|
Q R

Example 2. Find the length of ̅𝐷̅̅𝐸̅ in the figure at the right.

A
3. SSS Similarity Theorem: If the corresponding sides of two triangles are
proportional, then the two triangles are similar. 10 cm 12 cm
Solution:
̅ 𝑩̅ ̅ ̅
𝑨 ̅ 𝑪̅ ̅
𝑩
∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐸𝐵𝐷
B 24 cm
̅
Given: == 𝑨 𝑪̅
because vertical angles are C
̅𝑸 𝑹̅̅ ̅ ̅𝑹 𝑺̅ ̅𝑸 𝑺̅
D
16 cm
18∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆
|𝐴𝐵|
|𝐶𝐵| 12 2 |𝐶𝐵| 16 2 |𝐴𝐵|
=
|𝐸𝐵| = =3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 |𝐷𝐵| =
24 3 =|𝐸𝐵| , |
𝐷𝐵|
Prove:
18 cm

Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐸𝐵𝐷 by the SAS ~ E

Theorem
|𝐶𝐴| |𝐴𝐵| |𝐶𝐵|
=|𝐸𝐵| =
2
=
|𝐷𝐸| |𝐷𝐵| 3
Corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional.

10
2=3
|𝐷𝐸|
Substitution

2|𝐷𝐸| = 30
|𝑫𝑬| = 𝟏𝟓

Proof:

1. Let X be a point on ̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅ such

Statements Reasons

that ̅𝐴̅̅𝐵̅ ≅ ̅𝑄̅̅𝑋̅

1. By construction

parallel to ̅𝑅̅𝑆̅. (𝑋̅𝑌̅ ∥ ̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅ )

2. Draw a line through X 2. Parallel postulate

3. ∠QXY ≅ ∠R 3. If two lines are cut by a

transversal then corresponding

4. ∠Q ≅ ∠Q
angles are congruent.
4. Reflexive property
5. ∆𝑄𝑋𝑌~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆 5. AA Similarity Theorem
̅𝑄̅̅𝑋̅ ̅ ̅̅𝑌̅
𝑄 𝑋̅̅̅𝑌̅
̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅ = ̅𝑄𝑆 =̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅
6. Definition of similar triangles
6. ̅̅ ̅
 ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑨𝑩 𝑄𝑌 𝑋𝑌
= ̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅ =
7. Substitution (from Statement 1)
̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅ ̅ ̅̅𝑆̅
𝑅
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
7.

= ̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅ =̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
8. Given
8. ̅𝑄̅̅𝑅̅

̅𝑄̅̅𝑌̅ ̅ ̅̅𝐶̅
𝐴 𝑋̅̅̅𝑌̅ ̅𝐵̅̅𝐶̅
̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅= ̅𝑄̅̅𝑆̅ ̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅ =
9. Transitive property (statement 7
̅𝑅̅̅𝑆̅

10. |𝑄𝑌| = |𝐴𝐶|, |𝑋𝑌| = |𝐵𝐶|

9. , and 8)
10. Multiplication Property
11. ̅𝑄̅𝑌̅ ≅ ̅𝐴̅𝐶̅ ; 𝑋̅𝑌̅ ≅ ̅𝐵̅̅𝐶̅ 11. Definition of Congruent

12. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑄𝑋𝑌

Segments
12. SSS Congruence
13. ∠B ≅ ∠QXY , ∠A ≅ ∠Q 13. CPCTC
14. ∠B ≅ ∠R 14. Transitive property (statement 3

15. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑄𝑅𝑆
and 12)
15. AA Similarity Theorem

Example 1. Which of the following triangles are similar?

Solutions:
Compare the sides of three triangles by checking if the sides are in proportion.
∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 and ∆𝑹𝑺𝑻 ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 𝐚𝐧𝐝 ∆𝑸𝑷𝑹 ∆𝑹𝑺𝑻 𝐚𝐧𝐝 ∆𝑸𝑷𝑹
|𝐴𝐵| |𝐵𝐶| |𝐴𝐶| |𝐴𝐵| |𝐵𝐶| |𝐴𝐶| |𝑅𝑆| |𝑆𝑇| |𝑅𝑇|
= = = = = =
|𝑆𝑅| |𝑆𝑇| |𝑅𝑇| |𝑄𝑃| |𝑃𝑅| |𝑄𝑅| |𝑄𝑃| |𝑃𝑅| |𝑄𝑅|
8 6 4 8 6 4 𝟐 6 4.5 2.5
≠ ≠ = = = = ≠
6 4.5 2.5 4 3 2 𝟏 4 3 2

Since the lengths of the Because the lengths of the Since the lengths of the

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 are ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑄𝑃𝑅 are

sides are not proportional, sides are proportional, sides are not

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 are

proportional,

or ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 ~ ∆𝑸𝑷𝑹 by
not similar
similar. not
SSS Similarity theorem. similar

Example 2. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 are equilateral triangles. Prove that they are similar.

Solution:
 To write a proof, it is necessary to draw the figures to easily
understand and visualize the statement.

To prove that the two equilateral triangles are similar, show that their
sides are proportional. But how? Here is the formal proof.
 S
B

C
A T
R
Given: ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 are equilateral.

Prove: ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ~ ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇

Proof:

1. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 are

Statements Reasons
1. Given

2. |𝐴𝐵| = |𝐵𝐶| = |𝐴𝐶|

equilateral.

|𝑅𝑆| = |𝑆𝑇| = |𝑅𝑇|

2. Definition of equilateral
triangles
)
= =|𝑅𝑆|
1
|𝐴𝐵| |𝐵𝐶| |𝐴𝐶| 3. MPE (multiply all terms by
𝑅𝑆
3. |𝑅𝑆| |𝑅𝑆|

= |𝑆𝑇| =|𝑅𝑇|
|𝐴𝐵| |𝐵𝐶| |𝐴𝐶| 4. Substitution
4. |𝑅𝑆|
5. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ~ ∆𝑅𝑆𝑇 5. SSS Similarity Theorem

Example 3. Victor wants to determine the height of a pole using a mirror that he
places on the ground facing upward. He is 1 m away from the mirror and
the distance from his eyes to the ground is 1.5 m. He sees the top of the
pole in a mirror that is 5 m from the pole. How high is the pole?
Solution:

In solving a worded problem like this, it is always helpful to illustrate

the situation. The height of the pole and the height of the man are
proportional to the distance of the mirror from the pole and from the man,
meaning the two heights are proportional to the two horizontal distances.
Let y represent the height of the pole.
 𝑦 5
1.5 1=

5(1.5)
y= 1

y = 7.5 m

Hence, the pole is 7.5 meters.

ACTIVITY 2
A. Are the triangles similar? Analyze the figures below then complete the
statements that follow. Write your answer on the space provided

Y
12 cm
C A
X
8 cm

B
Z

1. |𝐴𝐵| = |𝐵𝐶| = and |𝑋𝑌| = = 12 𝑐𝑚.

2. The two sides of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 are congruent, so ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 is

.

The two sides of ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 are congruent, so ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 is .

?
|𝐴𝐵|
= |𝐵𝐶| ?
=?
3. Complete the proportions:
|𝑋𝑌| 12 and |𝑌𝑍|
?
4. By transitive property, |𝐴𝐵|
=
|𝑋𝑌| ?

5. Two sides of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 are to two sides of ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍.

6. ∠𝐵 is the included angle of sides and .

∠𝑌 is the included angle of sides and .

7. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 by similarity theorem.

B. Solve for the values of x and y given that the given triangles in each item are
similar. Write your answer below the given figures
1. 2.
8 40
°
𝒙
>
6
𝑥
°
>
12
35
� °
9
�

16

𝑥
3. 4. x 8
12
y
� 2x-5
12
�
6
2y - 6

x
x 9
3
5. 6.
20
12 15
7
28
16

C. Which of the following pairs of triangles are similar? Write the theorem/
postulate that makes them similar. Write your answers below each figures

1. 2.
 3. 3 9
4.
2 6

12 18

D. Solve as indicated. Write your solutions after each given problem.

1. In the ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, |AB| =12 cm, |AX| = 5 cm, |AC| = 14 cm
and ̅𝑋̅𝑌̅ ∥ ̅𝐵̅𝐶̅ . Find the length of ̅𝐴̅𝑌̅ and ̅𝑌̅𝐶̅

2. If ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅~∆𝑇𝑈𝑉, |𝑃𝑄| = 36𝑐𝑚, |𝑄𝑅| = 24𝑐𝑚, |𝑃𝑅| = 30 𝑐𝑚, |𝑇𝑈| = 48

𝑐𝑚,
then what is the length of ̅𝑇̅𝑉̅?

3. Given ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, |𝐴𝐵| = 11 𝑐𝑚, |𝐷𝐸| = 22 𝑐𝑚, |𝐵𝐶| = 24

𝑐𝑚, |𝐷𝐹| = 60 𝑐𝑚, find the length of ̅𝐴̅𝐶̅

4. Given ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, |𝐷𝐹| = 25 𝑐𝑚, |𝐴𝐶| = 15 𝑐𝑚, |𝐸𝐹| = 65 𝑐𝑚, |𝐷𝐸| = 70 𝑐𝑚,
find the length of ̅𝐴̅𝐵̅.

R
5. Given ∆𝑃𝑅𝐶 with right angle at ∠𝑃𝑅𝐶 and that
̅𝑅̅̅𝑇̅ ⊥ ̅𝑃̅̅𝐶̅ . If the length of ̅𝑃̅̅𝑇̅ is one-half of the
length of ̅𝑃̅̅𝑅̅ and the length of ̅𝑅̅̅𝑇̅ = 5 𝑐𝑚, then P
is the length of ̅𝑃̅̅𝐶̅ ?
what
T
REMEMBER:

Side-Angle-Side Similarity (SAS) Theorem

If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of a second triangle, and the

lengths of the sides forming the two angles are proportional, then the triangles are
similar.
Side-Side-Side Similarity (SSS) Theorem

If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, then the triangles
are similar.

Angle – Angle Similarity (AA ~ Postulate)

If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two angles of another triangle, then
the triangles are similar.

ACTIVITY 3:

A. Prove that “Triangles similar to the same triangles are similar” by

supplying the missing statements and reasons of the proof below.
.

Given: ∆ABC ~∆XYZ and ∆DEF ~∆XYZ.

Prove: ∆ABC ~𝐷𝐸𝐹
E Y
B
Proof:
D F
figure
A C
X Z

1. ∆ABC ~∆XYZ and ∆DEF ~∆XYZ.

Statements Reasons
1.
2. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑋 , ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑌, ∠𝐶 ≅
∠𝑍
2.

∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝑋 , ∠𝐸 ≅ ∠𝑌, ∠𝐹 ≅
∠𝑍
3. 3. Transitive property
4. ∆ABC ~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 4.
B. Prove and solve the following.

1. If ̅𝐴̅̅𝐵̅ ∥ ̅𝐷̅𝐸̅,

a. Prove ∆ABC ~∆EDC.

b. Find |𝐶𝐷| and |DE|.

2. If ̅𝑆̅̅𝑇̅ ∥ ̅𝐴̅̅𝐶̅ , show that ∆𝐵𝑆𝑇 ~ ∆𝐵𝐴𝐶.

3. Prove that if two isosceles triangles have congruent vertex angles, then they are
similar.
Q
B

4. Given: |𝐴𝐶| |𝐵𝐶|

= |𝑄𝑅|
|𝑃𝑅|
Assessment
Directions: Read and answer each question carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer on your paper.

1. What do you call the equality between two ratios?

a. portion b. ratio
c. proportion d. expression

2. If ∆𝑀𝑁𝑄~∆𝑆𝑇𝑉 then |𝑀𝑁|: |𝑆𝑇| = |𝑀𝑄|:

a. |𝑆𝑇| b. |𝑁𝑄| c. |𝑆𝑉| d. |𝑇𝑉|

3. Find the value of 𝑥 so that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹.

B E
x°

53° 72°
A D F
C
a. 115 b. 72 c. 65 d. 55

4. Are ∆𝑅𝑇𝑆 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∆𝐿𝑃𝑀 at the right similar?

a. Yes, by AA Postulate b. Yes, by SAS Theorem
c. Yes, by ASA Postulate d. No

5. ABC is similar to XYZ. What is the length of

segment BC ?
a. 5 cm b. 7.5 cm
c. 8 cm d. 9 cm
6. ∆𝑊𝐴𝑉~∆𝑆𝐴𝑇, then which of the following will support the
similarity statement?
a. SSS~Theorem
b. AA~Postulate
c. SAS~Theorem
d. ASA~Postulate

7. Which group contains triangles that are all similar?

8. In the diagram, ∆ABC~∆LMN. Find the value of x.

a. 8 b. 10
c. 12 d. 14

9. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 . Which of the following will support the similarity statement?

Q
a. AA Similarity theorem B
b. SAS Similarity theorem
10 20 25
c. SSS Similarity theorem
8
d. AAA Similarity postulate
A 6 C P 15 R
10. Two triangles are similar. The lengths of the sides of the smaller triangle are 12
cm, 17 cm, 21 cm. The shortest side of the larger triangle measures 24 cm.

a. 48 cm c. 96 cm
What is the perimeter of the larger triangle?
b. 54 cm d. 100 cm

prove that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐹𝐸𝐷?

11. Which of the similarity conditions can be used to

a. SAS Similarity theorem

b. SSS Similarity theorem
c. ASA Similarity theorem
d. Not enough information
12. In ∆𝑀𝐸𝐴, if 𝑆 ̅ 𝐻
̅̅ ̅ ∥ ̅𝑀̅̅̅𝐸̅ then the two triangles are similar by AA similarity

a. ∆𝑆𝐴𝐻~∆𝑀𝐸𝐴
theorem. Which of the following is the correct similarity statement?

b. ∆𝑆𝐴𝐻~∆𝑀𝐴𝐸
A
c. ∆𝑆𝐴𝐻~∆𝐸𝑀𝐴
d. ∆𝑆𝐴𝐻~∆𝐸𝐴𝑀
S H

M E

13. What condition can be used to prove that an isosceles triangle with base
angles each measures 50˚ is similar to another isosceles triangle with the
same measurement of base angles?
a. ASA~ Theorem b. SAS~ Theorem
c. SSS~ Theorem d. AA~ Theorem

14. Three of the four triangles below are similar. Which one does not belong to the
group?
R
a. b.

21 12 16 20

S T
15 28
c. d.
A

5 18 24
4
B C
7 30

|𝑈𝑆|
15. Given ∆𝑄𝑈𝑆 and ∆𝑊𝐴𝑋, with |𝑄𝑈|
= . Which of the following is always true
if ∆𝑄𝑈𝑆 ~ |𝑊𝐴| |𝐴𝑋|

∆𝑊𝐴𝑋?
a. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑋 b. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑈
c. ∠𝑆 ≅ ∠𝑊 d. ∠𝑄 ≅ ∠𝑆
References

1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. [Link]
BSC-GEOM/
4. [Link]
similarity-intro/v/similarity-postulates
5. [Link]
6. [Link]

 Ponsones R., Remoto- Ocampo S., Math Ideas and Life Applications
Second Edition
 Coronel A., Growing Up with Math Copyright 14
 Mathematics Learner’s Material First Edition
 Wilcutt R., Essentials for Algebra Concepts and Skills Houghton
Mifflin Company
 Tom Robbins.,[Link]/quote