Course Name: Analog & Digital Communication
Course Code: EC 403
Contact: 3:1:0
Total Contact Hours: 36
Credit: 4
Prerequisite: Trigonometric Fourier series, Exponential Fourier series, Fourier transform
and its properties, Energy and power signal, Probability & Statistics.
Course objectives:
1. To introduce the concepts through various issues related to analogue communication such as
modulation, demodulation, transmitters and receivers and noise performance.
2. To present the fundamentals of modern digital communication system design and to evaluate the
performance of digital signaling schemes on realistic communication channels.
3. To elaborate the concept on physical layer digital communications, including waveform analysis,
transmitter design and receiver design.
Course Outcome:
Graduates of the ECE program will be able to:
CO1: Demonstrate the importance of AM and Angle modulation and demodulation schemes.
CO2: Analyse probability and random process in signal transmission.
CO3: Describe the concepts of sampling, Pulse Modulation techniques, different types of Source
encoding techniques and their properties.
CO4: Analyse signal vector representation of various digitally modulated signals by using Signal
constellation.
CO5: Illustrate various types of coherent digital modulation techniques and calculate their error
Probabilities.
Course Content:
MODULE I: Introduction to Analog Communication: [6L]
Elements of communication system - Transmitters, Transmission channels & receivers,
Concept of modulation, need of modulation, properties of Fourier Transform, Frequency
domain representation of signals, Principles of Amplitude Modulation (DSB-FC):
Modulation index, Power content and bandwidth requirement,- DSB-SC & SSB-
SC(Balanced Modulator for DSB-SC, Phase Shift method for SSB-SC), VSB modulations
and demodulation ‚AM demodulator: Synchronous detection for DSB-SC, Super Hetero
Dyne receiver, Image frequency, Angle Modulation: Single Tone expression for FM and
PM, modulation index of FM, concept of direct and indirect method of FM generation,
NBFM and WBFM, FM modulator : Armstrong method, FM demodulator : PLL
MODULE-II: Random Processes: [6L]
Review of probability and random process. Gaussian and white noise characteristics,
Rayleigh's energy theorem, Parseval's theorem, Fourier transform pair Power spectral
density vs Autocorrelation likelihood functions.
MODULE-III: Pulse modulation: [6L]
Basic block diagram of Digital Communication system, advantages of digital
communication system over analog communication system, sampling theorem,
Quantization, quantization error Pulse modulation techniques: PAM, PWM, PPM. Line
coding, Inter symbol Interference and Nyquist criterion, Source encoding: Pulse code
modulation (PCM); Differential Pulse code Modulation (DPCM); Delta modulation;
Adaptive Delta Modulation, concept of Time Division multiplexing & Frequency Division
multiplexing, PCM-TDM.
MODULE-IV: Signal Vector Representation: [8L]
Analogy between signal and vector, distinguishability of signal, orthogonality and
orthonormality, basis function, orthogonal signal space, message point, signal
constellation, geometric interpretation of signals, Schwartz inequality, Gram- Schmidt
orthogonalization procedure, optimum correlation receiver; probability of error, error
function, complementary error function, matched Filter.
MODULE-V: Digital Modulation Techniques: [10L]
Types of Digital Modulation, coherent ASK, FSK and PSK, geometrical representation of
ASK;BPSK and BFSK signal, error probability of ASK;BPSK and BFSK, generation and
detection of ASK;BPSK and BFSK Signal, power spectrum of ASK;BPSK and BFSK,
Concept of M-ary Communication, M-ary phase shift keying, the average probability of
symbol error for coherent M-ary PSK, power spectra of MPSK, Quadrature Phase Shift
Keying (QPSK), error probability of QPSK signal, generation and detection of QPSK
signals, power spectra of QPSK signals, basic concept of Offset (OQPSK) vs. Non-offset
(NOQPSK) Quadrature Phase shift keying, QAM, Minimum Shift Keying (MSK), signal
constellation of MSK waveforms, error probability of MSK signal.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Haykin S., "Communications Systems", John Wiley and Sons, 2001.
2. Principles of Communication Systems, H. Taub and D. Schilling, TMH Publishing Co.
3. Wireless Communication and Networks: 3G and Beyond, I. Asha Misra, TMH
Education.
4. Communication Systems, A. Bruce Carlson, Paul B. Crilly TMH Education.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications, B. Sklar and P.K. Ray,
Pearson.
2. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B.P. Lathi and Z. Ding, Oxford
University Press.
3. Digital Communication, A. Bhattacharya, TMH Publishing Co.
4. Digital Communications by Dr. Sanjay Sharma S K Kataria and Sons