Data Communication and Computer
Networks
Assignment
Note: Attempt any three Questions
Instructions:
1. Provide Justification: Ensure your answer thoroughly justifies the question posed.
2. Address Each Component: Respond to each part of the question clearly and
succinctly.
3. No AI Tools: The use of any AI content generation tools is strictly prohibited.
4. Use Credible Sources: Students may reference reputable internet sources, such as
research papers, books, and academic journals, but not AI tools.
5. Cite Sources Promptly: Proper citation of all sources and references at the end of
the assignment is mandatory.
6. Handwritten Submission Only: Only handwritten submissions will be accepted;
electronic copies or versions of the assignment will not be considered.
7. Assignment Weightage: This assignment carries a weightage of 6 marks, while the
remaining 4 marks will be awarded based on class performance and spontaneous
reasoning.
1. Explain the evolution of computer networks and the significance of reference
models in networking. Compare the OSI and TCP/IP models, highlighting their
similarities and differences.
2. Discuss the various error detection and correction techniques used in the Data
Link Layer. How do protocols like HDLC and PPP ensure reliable data
transmission?
3. Compare and contrast multiple access protocols such as ALOHA, CSMA/CD, and
CSMA/CA. How do these protocols handle collisions in a network, and why is
CSMA/CA preferred in wireless communication?
4. A multinational company operates multiple branch offices across different cities,
connected via a dynamic routing network. Employees report slow connectivity
and frequent connection drops. The IT team suspects congestion and inefficient
routing as possible causes. Analyze how congestion control mechanisms and
routing algorithms like distance vector and link-state routing can help optimize
the network’s performance.
5. A financial institution is developing a secure banking application that requires
fast and reliable data transmission. The development team is considering
whether to use TCP or UDP for data communication. Which transport protocol
should they choose, and why? Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of TCP and
UDP in terms of reliability, speed, and security.