Python Operators Lecture
Introduction
Good morning students.
Today we will learn about Operators in Python.
Operators are special symbols that perform operations on variables and values.
For example:
a = 5
b = 3
print(a + b)
Here + is an operator.
It adds two numbers.
Definition of Operators
An operator is a symbol used to perform mathematical or logical operations on data.
Examples:
• +
• -
• *
• /
• ==
• and
Types of Operators in Python
Python mainly has:
1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Comparison Operators
3. Logical Operators
4. Assignment Operators
5. Membership Operators
1. Arithmetic Operators
These operators are used for mathematical calculations.
List of Arithmetic Operators
Operator Meaning
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus
// Floor Division
** Power
Addition Operator +
Example:
a = 10
b = 5
print(a + b)
Output:
15
Subtraction Operator -
print(10 - 5)
Output:
Multiplication Operator *
print(4 * 3)
Output:
12
Division Operator /
print(10 / 2)
Output:
5.0
Explain:
• Division always gives a decimal value in Python.
Modulus Operator %
This gives the remainder.
print(10 % 3)
Output:
Explanation:
• 10 divided by 3 leaves remainder 1.
Use:
• Odd/even programs
Floor Division //
print(10 // 3)
Output:
It removes the decimal part.
Exponent Operator **
print(2 ** 3)
Output:
Explanation:
• 2³ = 8
2. Comparison Operators
These compare two values.
The answer is always:
• True
• False
Comparison Operators Table
Operator Meaning
== Equal to
!= Not equal
> Greater than
< Less than
>= Greater than or equal
<= Less than or equal
Examples
print(5 == 5)
Output:
True
print(5 > 3)
Output:
True
print(5 < 3)
Output:
False
3. Logical Operators
These are used to combine conditions.
Operator Meaning
and Both conditions must be true
or Any one condition true
not Opposite result
AND Operator
age = 20
print(age > 18 and age < 30)
Output:
True
OR Operator
print(5 > 10 or 7 > 5)
Output:
True
NOT Operator
print(not True)
Output:
False
4. Assignment Operators
Used to assign values.
Operator Example
= x = 5
Operator Example
+= x += 2
-= x -= 2
*= x *= 2
Example
x = 5
x += 3
print(x)
Output:
5. Membership Operators
Used to check whether a value exists in a sequence.
Operator Meaning
in Present
not in Not present
Example
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "mango"]
print("apple" in fruits)
Output:
True
Real Life Examples
Example 1 — Even/Odd Number
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
Example 2 — Voting Eligibility
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
if age >= 18:
print("Eligible to vote")
else:
print("Not eligible")
Common Mistakes Students Make
Mistake 1
print(5 = 5)
Wrong because:
• = is assignment
• == is comparison
Correct:
print(5 == 5)
Mistake 2
print(10 / 3)
Students may expect 3.
Actual output:
3.333333
Use // for whole number division.
Classroom Activities
Activity 1
Predict the output:
print(5 + 2 * 3)
Answer:
• Multiplication first
• Output = 11
Activity 2
Write a program to:
• Input two numbers
• Print:
o Addition
o Subtraction
o Multiplication
o Division
Homework
Q1
Write a program to find remainder of two numbers.
Q2
Write a program to check whether a student passed or failed.
Q3
Write a program to calculate square of a number.
Conclusion
Today we learned:
• Arithmetic operators
• Comparison operators
• Logical operators
• Assignment operators
• Membership operators
Operators are the basic tools used in programming to perform calculations and make decisions.
Thank you students.