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College of Engineering and Information Technology

Department of Computer, Electronics and Electrical Engineering

NAME:SUHOT, MARK JOHNSSEN D. DATE PERFORMED:

STUDENT NUMBER:202305835
DATE SUBMITTED:
COURSE & SECTION:BSCpE 3-1 GRADE

​
​
CPEN 105- Computer Networks and Security
Laboratory Activity No.8
Title:
Router Configuration

Criteria Excellent Good Satisfactory Needs Improvement Score

Demonstrates complete Shows good Shows basic Demonstrates little
Understanding of
understanding of all understanding with minor understanding but understanding of the
Networking
commands and accurately inaccuracies in explanations lack detail commands used.
Commands
explains their functions. explanations.
(20 pts)
(19-20) (13-18) (6-12) (<=5)
All commands were Most commands were Some commands were Many commands were
Execution of executed correctly and executed correctly with executed but several not executed correctly or
Procedures results were properly minor errors. steps were incorrect. were incomplete.
(20 pts) obtained. (13-18) (6-12) (<=5)
(19-20)
Analysis of Results Provides clear and Provides correct analysis Basic interpretation of Unable to interpret the
(25) accurate interpretation of but lacks deeper results but incomplete command outputs
command outputs and explanation. analysis. correctly.
network information.
(22-25) (18-21) (13-17) (0-12)
Critical Thinking Answers demonstrate Answers show Answers show limited Answers show little or no
Responses strong reasoning, reasonable understanding reasoning and minimal critical thinking or
(25 pts) problem-solving, and deep with some analysis. explanation. understanding.
understanding of (18-21) (13-17) (0-12)
networking concepts.
(22-25)
Presentation & Work is well-organized, Work is organized and Work is generally Work is poorly
Formatting, properly formatted, visually readable with minor understandable but has organized, difficult to
Timeliness of clear, and submitted on or formatting issues and noticeable formatting or read, and/or submitted
Submission before the deadline. submitted on time. organization issues and late without valid
(10 pts) (10-9 pts) (8-7 pts) is submitted slightly late. justification.
(6-5 pts) (4-0 pts)

Grading Scale:
93-100: Excellent - All criteria met with few or no issues.
81-92: Good - Minor errors, but overall accurate and complete.
70-80: Satisfactory - Some issues with design, testing, or explanation.
0-69: Needs Improvement - Significant errors in design, testing, or documentation, missing components
Instructor’s Signature
 CPEN 105 Lab

Laboratory Activity 8
Router Configuration

Introduction

A router is a networking device responsible for connecting multiple networks and

directing data packets from one network to another using logical addressing, such as IP
addresses. Its primary function is to determine the best path for data transmission, ensuring
efficient and accurate delivery of information across interconnected systems. Unlike switches
that operate within a single network, routers enable communication between different networks,
including access to external networks such as the internet.
​
Configuring a router is essential to make it operational and secure within a network
environment. Without proper configuration, a router cannot correctly route traffic, recognize
connected networks, or communicate with other devices. Basic router configuration includes
assigning a hostname, setting IP addresses on interfaces, enabling interfaces, and
implementing security measures such as passwords. These steps ensure that the router
performs its intended functions effectively while protecting the network from unauthorized
access.

Objective:

​ At the end of this activity, the student should be able to configure basic and advanced
router settings using CLI commands.

Materials/Equipment:

PC with Packet Tracer Network Simulator

Procedure:

1.​ Create the topology as shown below.

2.​ Access the CLI (Command Line Interface) by clicking on Router 0. When asked if you
would like to enter the initial configuration dialog of the router, answer no.

NOTE: From No. 3 up to last step, you must take screenshots of your output.

3.​ Enter the Privileged EXEC Mode.

Figure 1. Router 0 - Entering Privileged EXEC Mode (enable)

4.​ Switch to Global Configuration Mode.

Figure 2. Router 0 - Switching to Global Configuration Mode (configure terminal)

5.​ Change the default router name from 'Router 0' to ' your_Firstname’.

Figure 3. Router 0 - Hostname Changed to [Mark Johnssen]

6.​ Configure the privileged mode and secret passwords. (You can choose your own
password)

Figure 4. Router 0 - Configuring Enable Secret Password

7.​ Verify if it is secured already.

Figure 5. Router 0 - Verifying Privileged Mode Password

8.​ Configure the console password. Verify again if the console is secured.

Figure 6. Router 0 - Configuring Console Password and Login

Figure 7. Router 0 - Verifying Console Password Configuration

 9.​ Configure the vty password to allow Telnet access to the router. Verify it again.

Figure 8. Router 0 - Configuring VTY Password for Telnet Access

10.​Configure password encryption, a MOTD banner “ Authorized Access Only”, and turn off
domain server lookup.

Figure 9. Router 0 - Configuring Password Encryption, MOTD Banner, and no ip domain-lookup

11.​Assign the following IP Address to the interfaces of Router 0 (your Firstname now).
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
FA0/1 [Link] [Link]
FA0/0 [Link] [Link]

Figure 10. Router 0 - Interface IP Address Configuration (fa0/0 and fa0/1)

12.​Now click Router 1. Change the default name to ‘your Surname’.

Figure 11. Router 1 - Hostname Changed to [Suhot]

13.​Repeat Step 6-10 to configure Router 1.
Figure 12-17. Router 1 Configuration
14.​Assign the following IP address to the interfaces of Router 1.

Interface IP Address Subnet Mask

FA 0/0 [Link] [Link]
FA 0/1 [Link] [Link]

Figure 18. Router 1 - Interface IP Address Configuration (fa0/0 and fa0/1)

15.​Assigning IP addresses to the PC.

a.​ Click on the PC, then Desktop tab.
b.​ Click on the IP Configuration.
PC IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway
PC0 [Link] [Link] [Link]
PC1 [Link] [Link] [Link]

Figure 19. PC0 - IP Address Configuration ([Link])

 Figure 20. PC1 - IP Address Configuration ([Link])

16.​Configure routing on Router 0 and Router 1.

The main purpose or requirement of a router is to forward packets to different networks

using the best path, and this purpose can be achieved by configuring routing on the
router.

We will configure static routes on both routers so that the data can be transmitted from
network [Link] to [Link] and vice versa.

Commands to add a route to [Link] in the routing table of Router 0:

Commands to add route to [Link] in the routing table of Router 1:

Figure 21. Router 0 - Configuring Static Route to [Link]

 Figure 22. Router 1 - Configuring Static Route to [Link]

17.​On the command prompt of each PC, check the connectivity using the ping command.

Figure 23. PC0 - Successful Ping Test to PC1

 Figure 24. PC1 - Successful Ping Test to PC0

Observations:

During the activity, both routers were successfully configured using Cisco IOS CLI
commands. At the beginning of the activity, the process included changing the default router
hostnames, setting privileged EXEC passwords, configuring console and VTY passwords,
enabling password encryption, setting a Message of the Day (MOTD) banner, and disabling
domain lookup. These configurations improved the security and manageability of the routers.

After completing the basic security configurations, IP addresses were assigned to the
router interfaces, and the interfaces were activated using the no shutdown command. The
assigned IP addresses allowed the routers to identify and communicate with directly connected
networks. In addition, the PCs were configured with the correct IP addresses, subnet masks,
and default gateways to ensure proper network communication.

Furthermore, static routing was configured on both routers to enable communication

between the [Link] and [Link] networks. Before routing was configured, devices
from different networks were unable to communicate successfully. However, after adding the
correct static routes, the ping tests between PC0 and PC1 became successful, confirming that
the routers were properly forwarding packets between networks.

Lastly, the activity demonstrated the importance of verifying configurations using

commands such as show running-config, show ip interface brief, and show ip route. These
commands helped confirm that interfaces were active, IP addresses were correctly assigned,
and routing entries were properly added to the routing table.
Conclusions:

This laboratory activity successfully demonstrated the basic configuration and operation
of routers in a network environment. Through the use of Cisco IOS commands, important router
settings such as hostnames, passwords, interface configurations, and static routing were
implemented correctly. As a result, the activity provided practical experience in configuring and
securing routers while also reinforcing the concepts of network addressing and packet
forwarding. Moreover, the experiment highlighted the importance of assigning correct IP
addresses and enabling router interfaces to establish communication between networks. In
addition, configuring static routes allowed the routers to determine the correct path for
transmitting data between separate networks. Successful ping tests confirmed that the routing
configurations were functioning properly.

Furthermore, the activity emphasized the significance of network security through

password configuration and password encryption. These security measures help protect routers
from unauthorized access and maintain the integrity of the network. In general, the laboratory
exercise enhanced the understanding of router configuration, network connectivity, and routing
principles, which are essential concepts in computer networking and network administration.

Questions/Critical Thinking

1.​ Explain the purpose of configuring passwords on the console and VTY lines. What risks
are reduced by doing this?

The purpose of configuring passwords on the console and VTY lines is to prevent
unauthorized access to the router. The console password secures physical access
through the console port, while the VTY password secures remote access through Telnet
sessions. By configuring these passwords, only authorized users are allowed to access
and manage the router. This reduces security risks such as unauthorized configuration
changes, network disruption, data interception, and malicious attacks on the network
infrastructure.

2.​ What is the difference between enable password and enable secret? Which one is
more secure and why?

The enable password and enable secret commands are both used to protect access to
privileged EXEC mode, but they differ in terms of security. The enable password stores
the password in plain text or weak encryption, making it easier to view or compromise. In
contrast, the enable secret uses stronger encryption techniques to secure the password.
Because of this, enable secret is considered more secure and is preferred in modern
router configurations. If both are configured, the router prioritizes the enable secret
password over the enable password.
3.​ Why is it necessary to assign an IP address to a router interface? What happens if no IP
address is configured?

Assigning an IP address to a router interface is necessary because the IP address

allows the router to communicate with devices on a network and identify connected
networks. Each interface acts as a gateway for devices within a subnet. Without an IP
address, the router interface cannot send or receive packets, making communication
between networks impossible. As a result, the router would not be able to perform its
primary function of routing traffic.

4.​ Describe the purpose of the no shutdown command. What would happen if this
command is not executed?

The purpose of the no shutdown command is to activate or enable a router interface. By

default, router interfaces are administratively down when first configured. Executing the
no shutdown command changes the interface status to active, allowing it to transmit and
receive data. If this command is not executed, the interface remains disabled, and
devices connected to that interface will not be able to communicate with the router or
other networks

5.​ How can you verify that your router configuration is correct? Mention at least two
commands used for verification

Router configurations can be verified using several Cisco IOS commands. One
commonly used command is show running-config, which displays the current
configuration stored in the router’s memory, including passwords, interface settings, and
routing information. Another useful command is show ip interface brief, which provides a
summary of interface IP addresses and their operational status. The show ip route
command can also be used to verify routing table entries and confirm that routes are
correctly configured. Additionally, connectivity can be tested using the ping command to
ensure successful communication between devices and networks.