Comprehensive Homework Set: Advanced
Mathematics
Calculus, Linear Algebra, and Differential Equations
Assignment Overview & Performance Guidelines
This homework assignment is designed to rigorously test your understanding of advanced analytical
mathematics. You are required to show all steps of your derivations, state any foundational theorems utilized
(e.g., Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Mean Value Theorem, Fubini's Theorem), and maintain rigorous
notation throughout. Answers without structural mathematical justification will receive no credit.
Estimated Completion Time: 4.5 Hours | Total Marks: 150
Section 1: Advanced Single-Variable & Multi-Variable Calculus
Problem 1.1: Evaluate the following indefinite integral using an appropriate trigonometric substitution and
detailed algebraic reduction:
∫ (x³ / √(x² + 4)) dx
Provide a complete step-by-step derivation, explicitly defining your substitution variable x = 2 tan(θ),
transforming the differential element dx, changing boundaries (if applicable), and converting your final
expression back into algebraic terms of x.
Problem 1.2: Find the volume of the solid bounded above by the paraboloid z = 9 − x² − y² and below by
the xy-plane.
Instructions: Set up the double integral in both rectangular coordinates and polar coordinates. Explain why
polar coordinates are mathematically superior for this specific boundary structure, evaluate the polar integral
completely, and state the final result in exact cubic units.
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Problem 1.3: State and prove the Mean Value Theorem for a function f: [a, b] → ℝ that is continuous on the
closed interval and differentiable on the open interval. Following your proof, apply the theorem to find all
valid values of c that satisfy the theorem for f(x) = x³ − 3x on the interval [-2, 2].
Section 2: Linear Algebra & Matrix Transformations
Linear algebra forms the structural foundation for multidimensional transformations. Solve the following system
analysis problems.
Problem 2.1: Consider the linear transformation mapping matrix A defined as:
A = [[2, 1, -1], [0, 3, 4], [0, 0, -5]]
(a) Compute the characteristic polynomial p(λ) = det(A − λI).
(b) Determine all eigenvalues of the matrix.
(c) Construct the corresponding eigenspaces and determine an invertible matrix P and diagonal matrix D such
that A = PDP⁻¹. Show all row reductions explicitly.
Problem 2.2: Prove that if a square matrix M is orthogonal (meaning MᵀM = I), its determinant must be
either +1 or −1. Provide a written explanation of the geometric significance of this result regarding spatial
transformations (reflections vs. rotations).
Section 3: Ordinary & Partial Differential Equations
Problem 3.1: Solve the second-order, non-homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation using the
method of undetermined coefficients:
y'' + 4y' + 4y = e⁻²ˣ + sin(x)
Find the complementary solution y_c(x), account for any algebraic multiplicity conflicts between the
characteristic root and the driving function, solve for the specific coefficients of the particular solution y_p(x),
and assemble the comprehensive general solution.
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Problem 3.2: Apply separation of variables to solve the 1D classical heat equation boundary value problem:
∂u/∂t = k (∂²u/∂x²)
Subject to the rigid homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 0 and u(L, t) = 0 for all t > 0, with
an initial spatial heat profile distribution defined by u(x, 0) = f(x). Formulate the infinite Fourier sine series
representation of the solution.
Section 4: Complex Analysis & Infinite Sequences
Problem 4.1: Determine whether the infinite sequence defined by a_n = (n² + 3n) / (2n² − 5) converges or
diverges. If it converges, rigorously evaluate its limit as n → ∞ utilizing the precise ε-N definition of
convergence.
Problem 4.2: Using Cauchy's Residue Theorem, evaluate the complex contour integral of f(z) = eᶻ / (z² + 9)
counterclockwise along a circle centered at the origin with a radius of R = 4. Identify all poles within the
boundary contour and calculate their respective residues.
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