Analyst B220134ME-Manish

Date 12/13/2026 07:30 PM

Ansys Fluent Simulation Report

Table of Contents
1 System Information
2 Geometry and Mesh
2.1 Mesh Size
2.2 Mesh Quality
2.3 Orthogonal Quality
3 Simulation Setup
3.1 Physics
3.1.1 Models
3.1.2 Material Properties
3.1.3 Cell Zone Conditions
3.1.4 Boundary Conditions
3.1.5 Reference Values
3.2 Solver Settings
4 Run Information
5 Solution Status
6 Report Definitions
7 Plots
8 Contours
System Information

Application Fluent

Settings 3d, pressure-based, SST k-omega

Version 26.1.0-10262

Source Revision b6f454dde8

Build Time Feb 2 2026 16:24:29 EST

CPU 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1235U

OS Windows
Geometry and Mesh

Mesh Size

Cells Faces Nodes

66067 257570 21533

Mesh Quality

Name Type Min Orthogonal Quality Max Aspect Ratio

volume_volume Mixed Cell 0.24995136 13.139012

fff_solid Tet Cell 0.023055797 22.298372

Orthogonal Quality
Simulation Setup

Physics

Models

Model Settings

Space 3D

Time Steady

Viscous SST k-omega turbulence model

Heat Transfer Enabled

Material Properties
Fluid

water-liquid

Density 998.2 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 4182 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 0.6 W/(m K)

Viscosity 0.001003 kg/(m s)

air

Density 1.225 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 1006.43 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 0.0242 W/(m K)

Viscosity 1.7894e-05 kg/(m s)

Solid

copper

Density 8978 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 381 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 387.6 W/(m K)

 aluminum

Density 2719 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 871 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 202.4 W/(m K)

Cell Zone Conditions

Fluid

volume_volume

Material Name water liquid

Specify source terms? no

Specify fixed values? no

Frame Motion? no

Laminar zone? no

Porous zone? no

3D Fan Zone? no

Solid

fff_solid

Material Name copper

Specify source terms? no

Specify fixed values? no

Frame Motion? no

Solid Motion? no

Boundary Conditions
Inlet

inlet_outer_tube

Velocity Specification Method Magnitude, Normal to Boundary

Reference Frame Absolute

Velocity Magnitude [m/s] 0.05

Supersonic/Initial Gauge Pressure [Pa] 0

Temperature [C] 25
 Turbulence Specification Method Intensity and Viscosity Ratio

Turbulent Intensity [%] 5

Turbulent Viscosity Ratio 10

inlet_inner_tube

Velocity Specification Method Magnitude, Normal to Boundary

Reference Frame Absolute

Velocity Magnitude [m/s] 0.1

Supersonic/Initial Gauge Pressure [Pa] 0

Temperature [C] 30

Turbulence Specification Method Intensity and Viscosity Ratio

Turbulent Intensity [%] 5

Turbulent Viscosity Ratio 10

Outlet

outlet_outer_tube

Backflow Reference Frame Absolute

Gauge Pressure [Pa] 0

Pressure Profile Multiplier 1

Backflow Total Temperature [C] 26.85

Backflow Direction Specification Method Normal to Boundary

Turbulence Specification Method Intensity and Viscosity Ratio

Backflow Turbulent Intensity [%] 5

Backflow Turbulent Viscosity Ratio 10

Backflow Pressure Specification Total Pressure

Build artificial walls to prevent reverse flow? no

Radial Equilibrium Pressure Distribution no

Average Pressure Specification? no

Specify targeted mass flow rate no

outlet_inner_tube

Backflow Reference Frame Absolute

Gauge Pressure [Pa] 0

 Pressure Profile Multiplier 1

Backflow Total Temperature [C] 26.85

Backflow Direction Specification Method Normal to Boundary

Turbulence Specification Method Intensity and Viscosity Ratio

Backflow Turbulent Intensity [%] 5

Backflow Turbulent Viscosity Ratio 10

Backflow Pressure Specification Total Pressure

Build artificial walls to prevent reverse flow? no

Radial Equilibrium Pressure Distribution no

Average Pressure Specification? no

Specify targeted mass flow rate no

Wall

wall-6-shadow

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name copper

Thermal BC Type Coupled

Enable shell conduction? no

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-6

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name copper

Thermal BC Type Coupled

Wall Motion Stationary Wall

Shear Boundary Condition No Slip

Wall Surface Roughness Standard

Wall Roughness Height [m] 0

Wall Roughness Constant 0.5

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-19-shadow

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name copper

Thermal BC Type Coupled

Enable shell conduction? no

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-19

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name copper

Thermal BC Type Coupled

Wall Motion Stationary Wall

Shear Boundary Condition No Slip

Wall Surface Roughness Standard

Wall Roughness Height [m] 0

Wall Roughness Constant 0.5

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-21

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-20

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

 Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Wall Motion Stationary Wall

Shear Boundary Condition No Slip

Wall Surface Roughness Standard

Wall Roughness Height [m] 0

Wall Roughness Constant 0.5

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-18

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

wall-17

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Wall Motion Stationary Wall

Shear Boundary Condition No Slip

Wall Surface Roughness Standard

Wall Roughness Height [m] 0

Wall Roughness Constant 0.5

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

outer_surface_outer_tube

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

 Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Enable shell conduction? no

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

outer_surface_inner_tube

Wall Thickness [m] 0

Heat Generation Rate [W/m^3] 0

Material Name aluminum

Thermal BC Type Heat Flux

Heat Flux [W/m^2] 0

Enable shell conduction? no

Convective Augmentation Factor 1

Reference Values

Area 1 m^2

Density 1.225 kg/m^3

Enthalpy 0 J/kg

Length 1m

Pressure 0 Pa

Temperature 288.16 C

Velocity 1 m/s

Viscosity 1.7894e-05 kg/(m s)

Ratio of Specific Heats 1.4

Yplus for Heat Tran. Coef. 300

Reference Zone volume_volume

Solver Settings
Equations

Flow True

Turbulence True

Energy True

Numerics
 Absolute Velocity Formulation True

Pseudo Time Explicit Relaxation Factors

Density 1

Body Forces 1

Turbulent Kinetic Energy 0.75

Specific Dissipation Rate 0.75

Turbulent Viscosity 1

Energy 0.75

Explicit Momentum 0.5

Explicit Pressure 0.5

Pressure-Velocity Coupling

Type Coupled

Pseudo Time Method (Global Time Step) True

Discretization Scheme

Pressure Second Order

Momentum Second Order Upwind

Turbulent Kinetic Energy Second Order Upwind

Specific Dissipation Rate Second Order Upwind

Energy Second Order Upwind

Solution Limits

Minimum Absolute Pressure [Pa] 1

Maximum Absolute Pressure [Pa] 5e+10

Minimum Static Temperature [C] -272.15

Maximum Static Temperature [C] 4726.85

Minimum Turb. Kinetic Energy [m^2/s^2] 1e-14

Minimum Spec. Dissipation Rate [s^-1] 1e-20

Maximum Turb. Viscosity Ratio 100000

Run Information

Number of Machines 1

Number of Cores 4

Case Read 15.182 seconds

Data Read 0.848 seconds

Virtual Current Memory 1.55934 GB

Virtual Peak Memory 1.56674 GB

Memory Per M Cell 13.5355

Solution Status

Iterations: 167

Value Absolute Criteria Convergence Status

continuity 0.0009823119 0.001 Converged

x-velocity 2.193763e-07 0.001 Converged

y-velocity 2.009587e-07 0.001 Converged

z-velocity 1.668665e-07 0.001 Converged

energy 9.295049e-08 1e-06 Converged

k 3.540704e-07 0.001 Converged

omega 3.982257e-06 0.001 Converged

Report Definitions

heat-rate-outlet-outer-tube -19.95787 W

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube -502.7141 W

heat-rate-inlet-outer-tube 0.00173624 W

heat-rate-inlet-inner-tube 522.4446 W
 Plots

Residuals

Residuals

1.00e+1
continuity
x-velocity
1.00e+0 y-velocity
z-velocity
energy
1.00e−1
k
omega
1.00e−2
Residuals

1.00e−3

1.00e−4

1.00e−5

1.00e−6

1.00e−7

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Iterations

heat-rate-inlet-inner-tube-rplot

heat-rate-inlet-inner-tube-rplot

5.22e+2
heat-rate-inlet-inner-tube

5.22e+2

5.22e+2
al Heat Transfer Rate (W)

5.22e+2

5.22e+2

5.22e+2
 Tot
5.22e+2

5.22e+2

5.22e+2
120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

heat-rate-inlet-outer-tube-rplot

heat-rate-inlet-outer-tube-rplot

1.80e−3 heat-rate-inlet-outer-tube

1.60e−3
Total Heat Transfer Rate (W)

1.40e−3

1.20e−3

1.00e−3

8.00e−4

120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube-rplot

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube-rplot

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube
−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2
nsfer Rate (W)

−5.03e+2
Total Heat Tra
−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2

120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

heat-rate-outlet-outer-tube-rplot

heat-rate-outlet-outer-tube-rplot

heat-rate-outlet-outer-tube
−2.00e+1

−2.02e+1
Total Heat Transfer Rate (W)

−2.04e+1

−2.06e+1

−2.08e+1

−2.10e+1

120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube

heat outlet inner tube

heat-rate-outlet-inner-tube
−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2
(W)
Total Heat Transfer Rate
−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2

−5.03e+2

120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

heat-outlet-outer-tube

heat-outlet-outer-tube

heat-rate-outlet-outer-tube
−2.00e+1

−2.02e+1
Total Heat Transfer Rate (W)

−2.04e+1

−2.06e+1

−2.08e+1

−2.10e+1

120.0000 130.0000 140.0000 150.0000 160.0000

iteration

Contours

static-temperature
wall-shear-stress
density
velocity-magnitude
static-pressure