Project Management
Agile, Scrum & PMP Frameworks — Complete Reference Guide
1. Project Management Methodologies Compared
Criteria Waterfall Agile Scrum Kanban
Approach Sequential Iterative Sprint-based Continuous flow
Planning Upfront, detailed Adaptive Sprint planning Just-in-time
Delivery End of project Incremental Every sprint (2-4 Continuous
wks)
Best For Fixed Evolving Cross-functional Maintenance/support
requirements requirements teams
Key Artifact Gantt chart Product backlog Sprint backlog Kanban board
2. Scrum Framework Deep Dive
2.1 Scrum Roles
• Product Owner — owns the product vision, maintains and prioritizes the product
backlog, represents stakeholder interests
• Scrum Master — servant-leader who facilitates Scrum events, removes impediments,
coaches the team on Scrum practices
• Development Team — self-organizing, cross-functional team of 3-9 people who deliver
the product increment
2.2 Scrum Events
Event Frequency Duration Purpose
Sprint Ongoing 2-4 weeks Time-box to create done increment
Sprint Planning Start of sprint Max 8 hours Define sprint goal and backlog items
Daily Scrum Daily 15 minutes Sync, identify impediments
Sprint Review End of sprint Max 4 hours Demo and inspect increment
Retrospective End of sprint Max 3 hours Improve team process
3. PMP Knowledge Areas
Knowledge Area Key Processes Key Tools
Scope Management Collect requirements, Define scope, WBS, scope statement
WBS
Schedule Management Define activities, Sequence, Estimate Gantt chart, CPM, PERT
durations
Cost Management Estimate costs, Budget, Control costs Earned Value Analysis (EVA)
Risk Management Identify, Assess, Plan responses, Risk register, probability matrix
Monitor
Quality Management Plan, Manage, Control quality Control charts, inspections
Communication Plan, Manage, Monitor communications RACI matrix, status reports
Stakeholder Mgmt Identify, Plan, Engage, Monitor Stakeholder register,
engagement matrix
4. Earned Value Analysis (EVA)
EVA is a quantitative technique to measure project performance against scope, schedule, and
cost baselines simultaneously.
Metric Formula Meaning Good Value
SPI (Schedule) EV / PV Schedule efficiency > 1.0
CPI (Cost) EV / AC Cost efficiency > 1.0
SV (Variance) EV - PV Schedule variance Positive
CV (Variance) EV - AC Cost variance Positive
EAC (Forecast) BAC / CPI Estimate at completion < BAC
5. Risk Management Matrix
Probability Low Impact Medium Impact High Impact
High (>70%) Medium Risk High Risk Critical Risk
Medium (30-70%) Low Risk Medium Risk High Risk
Low (<30%) Very Low Risk Low Risk Medium Risk
6. Project Manager Competencies
• Technical PM Skills — scheduling, budgeting, risk assessment, resource planning
• Leadership — motivating teams, conflict resolution, decision-making under uncertainty
• Strategic & Business Management — understanding organizational strategy and
business context
• Communication — clear written and verbal communication with diverse stakeholders
• Negotiation — managing competing priorities, resource constraints, and stakeholder
expectations
• Change Management — leading teams and organizations through transitions effectively
© 2024 | Project Management Reference Guide | For Professional Development