North South University
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
PROJECT REPORT
Password-Based Digital Lock System
Course Code: CSE231
Course Title: Digital Logic Design Lab
Faculty: Dr. Nusrat Jahan Lisa
Date of Submission: 30.04.2026
Section: 3
Group Number: 01
SL no. Group Members Name ID
1. Ariful Islam 2421507642
2. Md Muharrim Nahal 2423251642
3. Suhail Kabir Rafi 2511692642
4. Ishateer Radiyat 2513398642
Objective:
The objective of this project is to design and implement a password-based digital lock system
using combinational and sequential logic. The system verifies a 4-bit password that turns on the
green light if the password is correct and turns on red light if the password is incorrect. Similarly,
it locked the circuit after 3 incorrect attempts simultaneously.
Components Used :
a) IC list:
(1) 5*7408 2-input AND IC
(2) 1*7404 Hex Inverter NOT IC
(3) 2*7432 2-input OR IC
(4) 1*7474 Dual D Flip Flop
b) 8 Switches
c) 3 breadboards
d) Multiple wires (Approx. 120 pieces)
e) LED’s
(1) 1*Red LED
(2) 1*Green LED
(3) 2*Yellow LED
(4) 1*7 segment LED
f) 1* 9V Battery
g) 1* 5V Converter
System Description :
We use minterm as the input for our password. As there are 4 bit input so there should be a total
of 16 combinations. In our case, the output is 1 for the 5th minterm only as our password is
0101(Group -1 ). Whenever the input is 0101, the green light will illuminate, indicating the
password is correct. If we give any other input, the red light will illuminate, indicating that the
password is incorrect. And if we give an incorrect password for consecutive 3 times, then the
system will become locked, and we will see the 7-segment LED displaying L, indicating the
system is Locked, and it`ll not take any more inputs even if we give the correct password. So, for
taking a new attempt, we have to reset the circuit. Here, we used the D flip-flop to remember the
wrong attempts.
S0 S1 S2 S3 minterms Outputs
0 0 0 0 m0 0
0 0 0 1 m1 0
0 0 1 0 m2 0
0 0 1 1 m3 0
0 1 0 0 m4 0
0 1 0 1 m5 1
0 1 1 0 m6 0
0 1 1 1 m7 0
1 0 0 0 m8 0
1 0 0 1 m9 0
1 0 1 0 m10 0
1 0 1 1 m11 0
1 1 0 0 m12 0
1 1 0 1 m13 0
1 1 1 0 m14 0
1 1 1 1 m15 0
Password Checker
Circuit:
Here if we press correct input the X will become 1, otherwise, it will be 0.
Now, out Output expression is: Y = A’X + B’X
The Output Circuit:
It Finally checks our final Output and turns the Led according to our input.
Here, if the password is correct (0101) the circuit will turn on the green LED and if the password
is incorrect the red LED will turn on.
Here, if we take 3 incorrect input simultaneously, the system will reach at A=1, B=1 condition
and then the circuit will be locked and that will be indicated at 7 segment LED. In locked
condition the circuit will not take any others input.
Design Section :
(a) State Table:
Present State Input Next State Output Flip Flop Inputs
A B X A B Y DA DB
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
A BX A BX
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
DA=AX`+AB+BX` DB=B`X`+AB
A B X
1 1
1
Y=B`X+A`X
(b) State Diagram:
0/0
1/1 00 01
1/1
0/0
1/1
1/0
0/0
10 11
0/0
Implementation:
(a) Logisim Simulation:
(b) Hardware Implementation
Left-Right View Front-Right View
Left View
Problems Faced :
1) Power source: A 9V battery had to be used and converted using a 5V converter since a 5V
battery is not available.
2) Switches: Every switch had a complex connection pattern that behaved differently on each
side.
3) Wiring: A huge number of wires were needed, which was troublesome to fix in the case of an
error.
4) Logic: Designing the state transistors correctly was difficult and required multiple attempts.
5)Implementation: Matching the Logisim design with hardware implementation was difficult and
took the most time to complete.
Conclusion :
This project provided a clear understanding of sequential logic and its practical applications in
digital security systems. The design process involved using a state table to systematically
represent system behavior and control state transitions based on correct and incorrect password
attempts.
Additionally, the password verification logic was implemented using the concept of minterms,
where the correct 4-bit password combination was expressed as a Boolean function. This helped
in accurately detecting only the exact matching input.
Overall, the project improved understanding of state, flip-flops, and combinational logic design,
along with hands-on experience in both simulation and hardware implementation.