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Questions

ADVANCED 1. Functions, 2ADV F2 2016 HSC 3 MC

Stage 6 Which diagram best shows the graph of the parabola

Functions (Adv), F2 Graphing (Adv)

Transformations (Y12)
Teacher: Shareen Prasad
Exam Equivalent Time: 81 minutes (based on allocation of 1.5 minutes per mark)

HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTION
F2 Graphing Techniques has contributed an average of 5.4% per Advanced exam since the new syllabus
was introduced in 2020.
We have split the topic into 2 categories for analysis purposes: 1-Transformations (3.0%) and 2-Non-
Calculus Graphing (2.4%).
This analysis looks at Transformations.

HSC ANALYSIS - What to expect and common pitfalls

Transformations (3.0%) represents new syllabus content that explicitly looks at translations and dilations
of several function types.
Absolute value graph transformations were last examined in 2023 Adv 27 with a 5-mark allocation. A
"must revise" question where part (b) produced a 23% mean mark.
Questions typically involve combinations of translations, dilations and/or reflections. Mean marks have
hovered around 50% and revision attention is required (see 2022 Adv 19 and 2021 Adv 21).
The NESA sample HSC exam has informed F2 EQ-Bank questions which are important revision.
We note that Trig transformations, which we regard as an extremely important transformation sub-topic,
are covered separately under T3 Trig Graphs.

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2. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 2 MC 4. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 5 MC

Which diagram best shows the graph The point lies on the graph of a function . The graph of is translated four units
vertically up and then reflected in the -axis.
The coordinates of the final image of are
A. B.
A.
B.
C.
D.

5. Functions, 2ADV F2 2014 HSC 2 MC

Which graph best represents ?

C. D.

3. Functions, 2ADV F2 2020 HSC 2 MC

The function is transformed to by a horizontal translation of 2 units
followed by a vertical translation of 5 units.
Which row of the table shows the directions of the translations?

6. Functions, 2ADV F2 2024 HSC 4 MC

The parabola is reflected about the -axis. This is then reflected about the -axis.
What is the equation of the resulting parabola?
A.
B.
C.
D.

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7. Functions, 2ADV F2 2024 HSC 7 MC 8. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 6 MC

The diagram shows the graph . The graph of a function is obtained from the graph of the function by a
reflection in the -axis followed by a dilation from the -axis by a factor of .

Which one of the following is the function ?

A.
B.
C.
D.

9. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 4 MC

The graph of the function is reflected in the -axis and then translated 3 units to the right
and 4 units down.
Which of the following best represents the graph ?
The equation of the new graph is

A.

B.

C.

D.

10. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 7 MC

The point lies on the graph of the function . A transformation maps the graph of to
the graph of ,

where . The same transformation maps the point to the point .

The coordinates of the point are

A.
B.
C.
D.

11. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 8 MC

The transformation that maps the graph of onto the graph of is a
A. dilation by a factor of from the -axis.
B. dilation by a factor of from the -axis.

C. dilation by a factor of from the -axis.

D. dilation by a factor of from the -axis.

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12. Functions, 2ADV F2 2006 HSC 1c 17. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 14

Sketch the graph of . (2 marks) List a set of transformations that, when applied in order, would transform to the graph with
equation . (3 marks)

13. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 1

18. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 16
i. Draw the graph . (1 mark)
Let
ii. Explain how the above graph can be transformed to produce the graph
Let the graph of be a transformation of the graph of where the transformations have been
applied in the following order:
• dilation by a factor of from the vertical axis (parallel to the horizontal axis)
and sketch the graph, clearly identifying all intercepts. (3 marks)
• translation by two units to the right (in the direction of the positive horizontal axis
Find and the coordinates of the horizontal axis intercepts of the graph of . (3 marks)
14. Functions, 2ADV F1 SM-Bank 35
i. Sketch the function where on a number plane, labelling all intercepts. (1
mark)
19. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 2
ii. On the same graph, sketch . Label all intercepts. (2 marks) Sketch the graph .
Show all asymptotes and state its domain and range. (3 marks)

15. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 16

has been produced by three successive transformations: a translation, a dilation and

then a reflection.
i. Describe each transformation and state the equation of the graph after each transformation. (2 marks)

ii. Sketch the graph. (1 mark)

16. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 1

The function is transformed and the equation of the new function is .
The graph of the new function is shown below.

What are the values of , and . (2 marks)

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20. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 3 22. Functions, 2ADV F2 2021 HSC 21

Consider the graph of as shown.
The diagram below shows part of the graph of the function with rule
y
, where , and are real constants.
NOT TO
SCALE
The graph has a vertical asymptote with equation .
The graph has a y-axis intercept at 1.
O 6 x
The point on the graph has coordinates , where is another real constant.

(4, −8)

Sketch the graph of showing the -intercepts and the coordinates of the turning points. (2
marks)

23. Functions, 2ADV F2 2022 HSC 19

The graph of the function is translated units to the right, dilated vertically by a scale factor
of and then translated 5 units down. The equation of the transformed function is
.
Find the values of and . (3 marks)

i. State the value of . (1 mark)

ii. Find the value of . (1 mark)

iii. Show that . (2 marks)

21. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 13

The curve is subject to the following transformations
Translated 2 units in the positive -direction
Dilated in the positive -direction by a factor of 4
Reflected in the -axis

The final equation of the curve is .

i. Find the equation of the graph after the dilation. (1 mark)

ii. Find the values of and . (2 marks)

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24. Functions, 2ADV F2 2023 HSC 27 Worked Solutions

The graph of , where , passes through the points and
as shown in the diagram. 1. Functions, 2ADV F2 2016 HSC 3 MC

2. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 2 MC

a. Find the values of and . (3 marks)

3. Functions, 2ADV F2 2020 HSC 2 MC
b. The line cuts the graph of in two distinct places.
Find all possible values of . (2 marks)

25. Functions, 2ADV F2 2013 HSC 15c

i. Sketch the graph . (1 mark)

ii. Using the graph from part (i), or otherwise, find all values of for which the equation
has exactly one solution. (2 marks) 4. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 5 MC

Copyright © 2004-23 The State of New South Wales (Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards NSW)

5. Functions, 2ADV F2 2014 HSC 2 MC

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6. Functions, 2ADV F2 2024 HSC 4 MC 9. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 4 MC

7. Functions, 2ADV F2 2024 HSC 7 MC

10. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 7 MC

8. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 6 MC

11. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 8 MC

COMMENT: Using “swap”
terminology for dilations from the y-
axis is simpler and more intelligible
for students in our view.

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12. Functions, 2ADV F2 2006 HSC 1c 14. Functions, 2ADV F1 SM-Bank 35

i.

13. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 1

i.

ii.

ii.

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15. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 16 17. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 14

i.

ii.
18. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 16

16. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 1

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19. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 2 21. Functions, 2ADV F2 EQ-Bank 13

i.

ii.

COMMENT: Using “swap”

terminology for reflections in the y-
axis is simpler and more intelligible
for students in our view.

20. Functions, 2ADV F2 SM-Bank 3

i.

ii.

iii.

22. Functions, 2ADV F2 2021 HSC 21

y
♦ Mean mark 48%.

−
−

−
O 1 2 3 x

(2, −32)

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23. Functions, 2ADV F2 2022 HSC 19 24. Functions, 2ADV F2 2023 HSC 27

a.
♦ Mean mark 51%.

♦♦♦ Mean mark (b) 23%.

b.

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25. Functions, 2ADV F2 2013 HSC 15c Copyright © 2016-2024 M2 Mathematics Pty Ltd ([Link])

i.

♦ Mean mark 49%

MARKER’S COMMENT: Many
students drew diagrams that were
“too small”, didn’t use rulers or didn’t
use a consistent scale on the axes!

ii.

♦♦ Mean mark 25%.

COMMENT: Students need a clear
graphical understanding of what
they are finding to solve this very
challenging, Band 6 question.

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