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Tutorial Question 2

The document contains a series of tutorial questions for a course on Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), specifically focusing on first-order PDEs and methods such as the method of characteristics and Lagrange method. Each question presents a different PDE to solve under specified initial conditions, exploring concepts like uniqueness, existence, and conservation laws. The questions require analytical skills to derive solutions and understand the implications of initial conditions on the solvability of the equations.

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6 views2 pages

Tutorial Question 2

The document contains a series of tutorial questions for a course on Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), specifically focusing on first-order PDEs and methods such as the method of characteristics and Lagrange method. Each question presents a different PDE to solve under specified initial conditions, exploring concepts like uniqueness, existence, and conservation laws. The questions require analytical skills to derive solutions and understand the implications of initial conditions on the solvability of the equations.

Uploaded by

Elysium
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences

Partial Differential Equation: MAT 3147/3547 Tutorial Questions


2

Chapter 2: First order PDE


Method of characteristic, Lagrange method, uniqueness and existence, Con-
servation law and shock waves
1. Solve the equation −yux + xuy = u subject to the initial condition u(x, 0) = ψ(x)
2
2. Solve the equation ux + 3y 3 uy = 2 subject to the initial condition u(x, 1) = 1 + x.
3. Solve the equation (y + u)ux + y(uy ) = x − y subject to the initial condition u(x, 1) = 1 + x.
4. Consider the equation ux + uy = 1, with the initial condition u(x, 0) = f (x).
(a). What are the projections of the characteristic curves on the (x,y) plane?
(b). Solve the equation.
5. Solve the equation xux + (x + y)uy = 1 with the initial conditions u(1, y) = y. Is the solution
defined everywhere?
6. Let p be a real number. Consider the PDEs

xux + yuy = pu − ∞ < x < ∞, − ∞ < y < ∞

(a). Find the characteristic curves for the equations.


(b). Let p = 4. Find an explicit solution that satisfies u = 1 on the circle x2 + y2 = 1.
(c). Let p = 2. Find two solutions that satisfy u(x, 0) = x2 , for every x > 0.
(d). Explain why the result in (c) does not contradict the existence and uniqueness theorem.
7. Consider the equation yux − xuy = 0 (y > 0). Check for each of the following initial conditions
whether the problem is solvable. If it is solvable, find a solution. If it is not, explain why.

1
(a). u(x, 0) = x2 .
(b). u(x, 0) = x.
(c). u(x, 0) = x, x > 0.

8. The equation xux +(x2 +y)uy +(y/x−x)u = 1 is given along with the initial condition u(1, y) = 0.
(a). Solve the problem for x > 0. Compute u(3, 6).
(b). Is the solution defined for the entire ray x > 0?
9. Solve the Cauchy problem ux + uy = u2 , u(x, 0) = 1.

10. Solve the equation xuux + yuuy = u2 − 1 for the ray x > 0 under the initial condition u(x, x2 ) = x3 .

11. Solve the equation (y2 + u)ux + yuy = 0 in the domain y > 0, under the initial condition u = 0 on
the planar curve x = y2 /2.
√
12. Solve the equation uy + u2 ux = 0 in the ray x > 0 under the initial condition u(x, 0) = x. What
is the domain of existence of the solution?
1
13. Consider the equation xux + yuy = cosu .

(a). Find a solution to the equation that satisfies the condition u(s2 , sin(s)) = 0.
(b). Find some domain of s values for which there exists a unique solution.
14. Find a function u(x, y) that solves the Cauchy problem
 
2 x
(x + y )ux + yuy + − y u = 1, u(x, 1) = 0, x ∈ R.
y

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