UBLICAT unique outcomes of = (1234S ‘mathematics, a probal jes measure propertics. alued function ‘as countable * Chebyshev's theorem, makes fairly broad ution. This the es p[x=2]=2P[x= x= a=2PL ans As PO=2) = Pa)= SAD but, pacar) = 2e(X=1) 2 2) mrt 3 PEK=3) = teed © Fx Dx 3K 3x2 Themen mee aed curve is symmetri sound the mean, j)-128560, 76538 “Total fefined as tin coefficient between x and y from the data : 2] [oe [lols] plaps y | as[ a7] self ia] tov} ase] as toe Ans. He the fo te ns, Here we use the formula r,= 22 where use the formula, 5 5~ whee 7,0, and, se obtained falls p, = Day 76538 596, 1006 _ 19 gg "ge 8 8 7 iso. ( 396 o* 8 8 (ise 8 teosx nerating function and =co ¢>0, Hence fiad mean and Standard =13.08 7 ) 216.03 198.88 198.88 _ 29.95, the moment generation om (er2211322 + naejist 5 State and prove d - ‘bution (also known as a quotient. u ofthe ato ofrandom varibleshaving wo other known distributions tionofthe random variable a Ta Molt) |= (2c? + 6%) 4, a | (el +64 1204 6g ret Variance ih, = i, (WJ = 2c gt a SD. = Jig=e. 1 ratio of two normal stics are also ratio distributions: the -istribution arises from a Gaussian led by an independent chi-distributed random variable, while the F-distibution ‘of two independent chi-squared distributed random variables. Unit— 11 4 1n-9 bolt factory, there are four my 1 25% and 40% of the a + C, D manufacturing 20%, ir outputs 5%, 4% , 3% ang indom from the factory's 'e bolt was manufactured Peer eetes jan is 46, find the missing frequencies for the following by machine A or machine D ? ie ee eee as fre E, and E,be the events that. ‘30-40 | 40-50 | 50-60 | 60-70 | 70-80 [Total 2s | is | 229 ted at random is manufactured Class] 10-20 t 2 ‘Ans. Suppose th S229. Therese 3o[ - os - frequency of the cass 30-40 be f, and that for the class $0-60 be Sd byachin bi ie pe defective, PCINE,) = 0.05 ‘hata defective bolt manufactured by machine i given by PCE)P(H 1 E\) PCE )PCHTE\) + PCEYPCHT Ey) + PE) PUTT 0.20%0.05 DODO 0.20%0.05+0.15%0.04+0.25x0.03+ 040x002 00 E)+PEQPGT ED tf OT + Ly WIZ* Gt hp IST HAY Gy VISA hoe 122 + f,, Hence 10/229 = 461022 cans 6 = 44192 -cors), hich yields f= 39.5 +34, Then = 7934 = 45, Hence the missing equenies ae 34 and as. PEMD = FETE YR °. . 0,200.05 +0.15x0.04-+ 0.25%0.03+ 040x002 = Fyn 0ass ind the probability of getting doubles(two Q.6.(b) Two fair dices are rolled, dies showing same numbers) or sum oaeeN ET Semeslag Solved pperhap=eO Dn ew a cer PETS TE Hence the equation of the normal curve fitted to the given data is A ze)? ae fey = Le We) we % oie Tie aden intec2) “ 1d frequency, we note thatthe area under fx) in (,.,) calculate the expected frequency, fe “To calelate the exp: « prec aye ef Pale Pee sow = Gale gel the event “sum of 7" Then ene 66), £,= (16,25,34, oa ' cloive, Mhefong S261) “thus, the theoretie normal frequencies N8(2) are given by the following able = PE) + PE) aan 20@- Tapected value Berl) ~ ab frequency ie) = Tetunberoffvourbieoutcomesine ee i . “ ) Nana eoutcon a a (as.15 | oameosn2 | 160.0606) =0.606 <097=1 35 a 15,035) | 0:8392-0.1915 _ <02417 "€05,03) | 0.1915-0.1915 20383 oon 04332-01915 3CATION aan 16.7 Fit normal carve tothe toning dat (529 [oamsoun Class 3 [35] s7 [79 [oa Z ses eines coh eae “Thus, the expected frequencies agree with the observed frequencies. Hence the normal normal frequency, irks (mid-values) are 2,4, 6, 8, 10, Therefore, for the given data, have Lk Mean (n) = EF = 2x14 4x4 + 6x6 +844 10K1 T+4+6e441 Standard deviation(a) z |. from that disease in a group of 400. 20 as 7 * =1>210k et ‘Ans. The parameter ofthe Poisson distribu = filters 2een sas 28] <1 2 = np = 400p. 2 ji 6 oo p= he=0.006 210"eS re {SLX obtaining | oes tore(Eau 7 1 we "a random experiment is performed, usual wo kinds of outcomes, one is success and the nota success* lich we eal the occurrence of 6 is considered as a + Betting 1,2,3,4 oF Sis. fail throwing a di var (X,)-»0 ied in the question : as nye, For RVS Ye a, ~ Plat least one of ‘outcome of any 1%, takes value 4°) poy est) = 1-1PUY 24 == P= (247 alee" ‘Thus, if2"> K, a2 “Eealesteine ie have'no finite mean, the averaged sum does not exh ‘convergence © for x20 2 probability deasity for x<0 Pat least one of ¥ sxe} oe) and 8 1 ©, and deduce 0 for every sin Fsonde = [2 sends {sede “teacoacofesl- ‘Since f(t) satisfies the requirements for a density function, therefore, PX-EX|26)s a density follows from the ar function. E(X~EX)* 2 E| 2 DEI((X-EX = BP((Y- EX) 2b) = P(X EX [2 0), ((x-Exy 2") 2 ne, ia aet-e? pasxsn = fe a{] = 0,368- 0.135 = 0.233.7 ae tena pid-point#] Frea. fd | ite ty that it was drawn from 2 Ans. Let drawn from bag X; 35 3 2 ae is drawn from bag ¥ ss =I 16 a and he ball is red a ° 0 ‘We have to find P(Ey/4). By Baye's Theorem, 255) 6 a P(E) MALE, at 1 3 a 3 MEIN = BUEYPCATE,) + PCE \MATE) 4 = a r 5 a a 1 Since thewwo bags ae equal likly ob selected, PE,) = PCE) = ae a 2 3 355 s [3 Also PUAIE,) = Pare ball is drawn fom bog 4) = 2 6 198 IE.) = Pare eallisdraven from bog 1) 8 of two random variables. ion) isa probability dist rato ofrandomarbeshving wo cherknown dsb ven two (usually independent) random variables X and, the di Zitat is formed ns the ratio Z = N/V is, Anexampte infbuted random variable, while the F-distibu ‘originates from the ratio of two independent chi-squared distributed random variables, Uni Ht ‘64a) The following table shows the marks obtained by 100 candidates In aa 1 20) 16 41-5q_ 51-60] 16] 8 No. of candidates Lessa! mean, To ealeulate me 5 PUMA G Sel ENionsssseso sinervat | Freaueney /, | Comulaive freavency F, 3 3 10 1-20 6 ® 21-30 % 8 31-410 H * 41-50 16 2 5-0 : Total N= 100= 2, = 109 ian Size of (!22)" item sizeof sth item aesinesueot(!2Nip Now, median = 42" 45), 50-45 50 2 nim 31 OE$5, 1951 50 F 3 *10=31+ 3261 10% fe -(S ia) = tox Ji95— 65? = 10x /195=04295 = 12.36. Q.6.(b) A bag contains five wh drawn at random. Wha ‘Ans. The number of outcomes 20C, = 20, Let £, be the event where red bal is obtai obtained. Then a ined and £, be the event where white PES = Also the events ar ‘A coin is tossed five times. What is the proba three heads. ty of getting at least ‘Ans. Let X denote the “number of heads of neta im Therefore, 4.S,and n= 5, Hence Pat least three heads)= P(x> 3) = PUL=3)+ P(X = 4) + PUK = 5) SPO ScD G45 50° 7 [12 [> [4 Comte ls Ans. The abies as follows: ft fe L 2 ° 1 @ s 2 is 7 3 7 4 4 1 7 200 | te=100 LH % y=3f~200 Lez wf 3 ‘ Nate + Poisson distribution = Theoretical fregencies : . ro ° 12136 7 12136%(05) 4 5, reas 121.36«(05) ean =03 where r= 01,234from the two populatio ‘Ans. p,= at -P,= Proportion, 7025;0,=07, Of fair-haired peo +H, :Sample pre f roportions are equal behidden in sampling, eter Plein the first population = 30% = 0.3 :p, = 2s9h the difference in ‘Population proportions is likely B 03-025 [o3x07 025x075 1200 * 900 : Significant value of = at is rejected. However | =| < 2.58, the significant value of z accepted. AtSYG eVel these Saples wil oy es ges wile a a a ; cane. the difference in the population, Proportions, 4 bs produce by a manufacture A showed brands at significance levels of 5% and 1%. Ans. 1n, = Size ofone sample = 100 _~ Mean of one sample = 1190 hours ©, = Standard deviation of sample one = 90 hours n = Size of second sample= 75 3, = Mean of second sample = 1230 hours ‘of second sample= 120 hours The last statistic is Since [o= 2-42 > 1.96, s0 there isa significant differ Soe 40_ 0a 242 = Warr 23 rence between the mean life time of Again | =242-<2.58, Hence there is no difference between mean life time of two brands ata significant level istribution to the data : T])2 J3 74 [5 342 [2087 | 16s [25 144) the level of significance 0.05. and test for goodness-of-fi Ans. We have = 5, E/,= 1000. Therefore, TD x 04144 + 6844 861+ 656125 _ 5 439 fy LA 1600 4 But fo abil csrifiion, SW oo pa bided on bE d PM PBs FERS 0908 g= 1 p= 0.506. “Therefore, the binomial distribution to be fitted is 1000(0.506 + 0.494)’ = 1000 2 se = 1000{0.0332 +0.1619+03161 + 03086 0.1507 + 0.02942), = 33.24 161,94 316.1 +308.6 + 150.7 + 29.42, ‘Thus the theoretical frequencies are fgets pvr feu] cease Ea. y | 332 | 16r9} 3161 1507 | 29.42) ‘Therefore, 8-332)? , (44-161.97" , G42-316.17 332 9 3161 (287-308.6)? | (64~-150.7)7 , (25-2942 ieescrerane ag gees SOT seeieevOQ0A 308.6 150.7 eete ‘The number of degree of freedom is 6 - 1 = 5. For y= 5, 42 culated value of sles than 3g and so the binomial distribution 9 level of significances mo ——> Ty? / PUBLICATION uly ~ 2022 Paper Code:-B.S.C.-MATH-104-G “questions in alt selecting one question from each Section. jon No. 1 i compulsory. All questions carry equal marks. Q.1.{a) Write a short note on : ( Probability spaces (@ Independent random variables. ‘Ans. (9 Probability spaces: A probability space isatriple (2, FP). where Qisa a-algebra of events and Pisa probability measure on F: ability space can be described as amples space, Fis asigm: “The three building blocks ofa pro The sample space is the set ofall possible outcomes of a prot ~The sigma-algebraF isthe collection ofall subsets of 210 which are ableAwilling se subsets arecalled events; ‘measure Pisa function that associates aprot 1 assign probat tocachofthe .yents belonging to the sigma-algebra F. ‘Ans (ijladependent random variables: An independent random variable fsarandom arable nat doesn’ thavean effet onthe other random variables in your experiment. Lo other Joesn't affect the probability of another event happening, For example, let's say you yrovealto know the average weight of «bag of supar so you randomly sample 3 bags from Various grocery stores. You wouldn't expect the weight of one bag to affect onotieh ver ables are independent. The opposite isa dependent random variable, which does aes jes of other random variables. Q.1.(b) A Community consists of $0 pervent Hindus, 20 pereent Sikhs. If a sample of six indi probability that fwo are Hindus, three are Mi “ans. The answer is providedby the multinomial distribution. The probabi ofthese raves are respectively 0.50, 0.30 and 0.20, Hence the required prot givenby:24 i Q.1.(c) The response time of a certain com, ‘ponential distribution with a mean of 3 seconds fime exceeds 5 seconds ? — Ans Let random variable X represent the re: sponse time, tmexponenial distribution with ameanof=3 second ond, x20 Letus calculate the he probat response tin Pas) = erie € time exceeds 5 seconds, Ly 7 ey 30 Te 1 =04)= 0.1889, Q.1.(4) Determine ine the mean of a Bin Ans Poth bene eet of incmt disibuton Per) = Cg 1g p 42.90, grip? 23 eng"! 32D, na p42 0 nn PAT apt 43 AOS 2) 3g engi 32.1 7+ mln= 1g p24 MINE 2) TOP bot np” 14 i U ae PP bat pl DECIDE il distribution is mp, Mati IPULET System in se Feeti 2! Semesier, Solved papers: sly ats the probabitiy 25 2022 on equations of the variables xand Y are x= 19.13- Find Xand F- Q.1.(e) The two ree and = 11.64— 0.5% x = 19.13- 0.879 ail y = 11.64 -0.50x ‘As (1) and (2) pass through (7) ¥=19.13-0.87F) F=11.64-050F ‘Onsolving (3) and (4) we Bet : ¥ = 15.937, 7 =3.67. servations from a bivariate normal 5 paired ol .ce of correlatior 149 A random sampte of eo Does this signify the existen jves a correlation coefficient of 0.5. fhe sampled population ? Ans. Here, r=05 n=15 = 207 N = n-2=15-2=13 From the table, we get for 13.4.6, 16 Since the observed value of fis less han f significantto warrent the existence of a correlation in the population. ihe sample correlation coefficient is not Unit-1 tains wer and 4 coppercoins and a second purse cor Q.2.(a)A purse contains 2 n is selected at random from one of the two purses, 4silver and 3 copper coins. Ifa what is the probability that it isa silver coin? first bag = Ans. Probability of selectingg guNohed papers.) Salman Solved parers. i ilver coin from first bag = Hie Probability of selecting second bag = .2.(b) A variate V1 Sxpt Evaluate E @Qx> l X)=-3xby, Ans, BUX) =-3x3 or E(X)= a tt 3 belo eta, jee sshibitcoavensenee f averaged sum does NOS BUY! =9x8 s36xb+snt 98 vers EQN = Bure sy 3 93 2 Wesee! ANT =4E (0) -4E (+1 sds S eax Q3.(a) Stateand prove Ch rebyshev"s inequ: are independent Poisson Distribution, dae PX =x) = pO= follows from the angument below Vary = EC ENy 2 &( (= E981 (= EX 2 8)) 2 BE! = 1-0.9197 = 0.0803 ~EXy 26")28) MSGSEL Ei uch 221 Semester: Solved papers, Sid» 202 for x20 in veo PRODI Ans. £(9) 20 forevery. Efords = fY peyaes §2 sone “tea is fora clensity fn nce f(x) satisfies the re yerefore, fx) isa densi ‘hh L050: 0 clsew! Find the conditional density function of Y’given X'= and condi on of X given Y= ve vty Ans. Clearly (8.3) 2 0 and J J2d¢dv= [Link]=1. oo ° anand standard deviation of the marks obtained by 1 ‘are respectively 34.4 yroximate number of st 16.5. A851 the normal snts expecta Co obtain mark between 30 and 60, wens, 0<¥< Lis ‘Ans. Givenmeas, 4 = 3 sy , : Trintsinye the 2 alo yoy When x =30, S 0.27 = = (say) ae ; given 0 1, The distribu restvcan> i ely skewed. is leptokunic, eH aad NE od ot af PST Ste as iy oe (9.74 Find correlation coecient betneen Nand ¥ from the given data = 60.¥,= 7,38. Then we have the following table ren =[Link],=%, An fol, J« ]° [4 ssf 3s [3 | (2 so | 38 J+} o |16 ss | 38 J2 | ° | 4 so | 39-1 1 oo] 4 fo} 6 ]e oo. of s jo 2f7]4 330-100 VS40- 256 = 358 __ = 358 20.93. YasoVsss 382.08 Since p(X, 1) is close to I, there is high degree of positive correlation. Q.74b) Fit second degree parabola to the following data, 3 U4 ‘Ans, Let the trend equation be: yp sathetcrt where a, b and care some constants.Ey ata hie ing Second Degree Treng , = a 0 0 0 ‘ i 1 1 18 i 4 8 16 26 3 5 Pa 81 75 64 256 25.2 - EP =30 Ex! = 354] Say = 37.1 jormal equations for second deeree trend, 12.9 = Sa+ 10+ 30e 37.1 = 1 1b + 1006 130.3 = 30a+ 1006 + 354¢ we get a= 1.42, 6=— 1,07 and = 0.55. Thus they = 142-107 x +0.55 of parabola, turned up 216 times, Te of significance, 400: A°= No, of success = 216 X _ 216 of success inthe sample =~ = 216 _ ia nan 400 on n=05=P; Q=1-P=1-05=05 0.54-0.5|_ [0.50.5] se Va00 | sgjipai semester, Solved papers, July -2022 EC - 06.3 em. Does the data indicates that American are,on the average, ment ? = 6400 rn, = 1600 R= 172 Q.9.(a) Two random samples gave the followoing results : ‘Sample ‘Size | Sample | Sumofsquares Mean! | of deviations from mean 15 90 4 108: Trom the sample normal population. =12 Held Den - Hy =108es 10, FP). where Disa ted, the mult y distribution used in finance to describe the describes hiv of more defined outcomes unlike ths bineenial sible outcomes. snarises froman experiment with the following pre Fries: ity sa process that hasasct oh passible ies (PU, p2s RBs PAD such that +0.20+ 0.05 + 125d | ificance for y(n= ryless property of the ej re independent of any past information. This is hesause the past has po bearing jor ofthe exponential distribution. 1. Hyisaccept were distributed in equal numbers. ——>36 ine y= a+ Bx Ou. squares. vel of significance. x)! |3 taht pire oll) =a 7 the ype erro. The levels the best fibe y= a he where aand bare eae “ NEare es ye = na +b, Di 2 od Q.1.(1) Arandom sample of 27 pair of observations from a normal population Ler sade thle wheren=5, a correlation coefficient of 0.6. Is this significant of correlation in x[y[ole jon? es) ne poe Theft s/2[6po [5 [30] 36 ®) 4 [32] 6s Here, ai Total [18 [15 [71 [10 soma pe 0027-2 5 23.95 4 / Wiz036 © 036 “for 25 degrees of freedom = 2.06 gcater than tabulated value off, we reject our Hand conctakle are correlated inthe population. , Days! Dy, = 15, Dad = Hoan Ps hese inthe NI » S$ 9-85 =~ 2266 > b= 0.376, 18b= 15-18 «0.38 > a= 1632, Unit-1 Q.2.(a) Apurse contains two silver coins and four copper coins. second purse J outat random from one cola? os) ee 7 1 Probability of sel ver coin from second tug” 5 12 72 liyofsivercain = +5 ° Gy36) a Qu1d) Fit squares. s[4 and ia Q.1.{0)Arandom sample of27 pair of observations from a normal p where efficient of 0.6. 1s this significant of corre Here, pe (TRB. 4 75 e f vi-036 W036 Tabulated f,¢, for 25 degrees of freedom = 2.06 ulated yalucis eater than tabulated value, werejectour H, andconcluse 1 the variables are correlated in te population. \ = sanbxis, \ | = ax 18+bx 110 x $=9-85=~2266 = 6= 0.376, = 18b= 15-18 «0.38 = a= 1.632 Unit-1 Q.2.(a) A purse contains two silver coins and four copper coins. Asecond purse in is pulled out at random from one asilver coin? as) 1.632 + 0.376x, Probability of selecting silvercoin fro 1 Piobabilty of selecting second bag = > Probability of selecting silver coin from seeond bag= 5 *> = 1 2741219 Probability ofsilvercoin = G*57>—yy "9nr Pa TCE STREET RES see SS Matheminiegs, Q.2.(b) Four coins are tossed. What is the expectation of numberof ns." indicates the numbers of heads appearingon: an un Ans. inate ‘The number of tails appearing can be either. + when no heads appear +L when 1 head appear + 2when 2 heads appear . J heads appear + 4s yeads appear = The values carried by the variable ("x") would be either 0,1, = “Aisa discrete random variable wi Inthe experiment of So, Total number of pos: range = (0 an unbiased coin four le choices =2 x22 2=16 Number of favorable choices Total Number of possiblechoica Number of favorablechoices 4 Total Number of possiblechoices 16 Number of favorable choices Total Number of possible choices Number of favorable c hat no head is appear = Probability ofone Heads = Probability of T. leads = of Three Heads = Number of favorablechoices mberof favorablechoices_ lityofour Heads. = 3121 Number of possible choices ie, 0= r= 0) = terran = 3 zaman = 6 3 r(r=3) = 4 4=rve=4) = The probability distribution ot Je Lore POS) Juch Solved papers: May 20275 TNT is 39 Pay pat ° o at 4 is ie B # 6 6 2 6 i6 6 4 6 i is fp,=1 Less? | Dew Expected number of Heads = Expecation E(N)= Spx, =2 ite and prove Chebyshev’s inequality. qs) _-are independent identically distributed random variables, r(e"Exo)oo CChebychey’s inequality: PX ~ EX 26) 5 Var X,Y b> 0, follows from the argument below, ; a Var X= B(X EX) 2 E((V-EXY1((X-EXY 28')) > brEr((X-EXY 2H) = btp((x~E0y' 28?) = BPG.)ga papers May-2023 sp ge ean SOTA Pope om oy 3 af ieacaar = | raracef sonaee pane «takes value 4“) oH 2 PUY, #491 Joaestfo+aneesfosceo ‘as (6) = t450/(8) satisfies the requirement fora densi faction serefore density function i: PQSxS3) = jg]Or2M Q-4.(b) Th and standard dev! row many students have heights between 120and 185em? Given o~ [Link], b= 15 em. Let denotes the beight ofthe students. 1 =e} 30.2231 normally distributed. ~ ( ‘of there being no demand for the car some demand isrefused Alo obability fo of demands to be more thant : } When x= 126, me 2 4 Vhen x = 2 EN A 0.206 When x = 155, sci = P(-2.06 << 0.26) = P(-2.06 < 2<0)+ PI0<2< 0.26) = P(O.< =< 2.06)+ P(0<2< 0.26) |Dueto symmetry = 0.4803 + 0.1026= 0.5829 (See Normal table) P(I204 Also find P(2 sot diereceis iar, normal population ha the mean 2 (0840) Arandom sample of ste 25 orma normal po 1 Does this information rete te eli chat the mean ofthe zg os) ‘Tesiaofthesample=28 Themeanofttermyle= 75 So 405 —i2$ | 5/8 Saf sn aad 84 “svar rn degesof een. osc of distin forest wih = D00S2797, Weconeade ot ‘sn ulangnenin be atti exmpltoforeise techn Gt te mean othe popwutonng 42 5tleesmetbee23) 298 (943) Agroupo 0 ons faondist and another group of8 boys fon Aieren ait eer the aioe reas in weigh Gm os) Daas ¢ 8 1 24 3 9 6 pap 2 3 6 8 Wi? 6 ‘cs itsahow superior ofdietAover the diet B?_(M.D.U:May 2am) Stes, mat aio $216 aeHi, le Bath diets ae equal sopero. Hu,> tyes Diet dssuperie to Diet sles [ife lays 196 0.16 | 2.6 | 29.16] 31.36| 576 | 1.s¢ | : | 3 ° Tha-ByP niece $235 oy T0s8-2 a= 3398 Nowapetng est From abl, ra 8 evel for 16d Conclusion: Sine|1 =f HeneeMisacepedat SY bevel (0.90) Thetheory pris the proportion af beams ithe foursroursG, 6 shold bein rato 93:31. nannperiment ith £60 beams themambersia four toups were 882,312,287 and 118 Dees the experimental ress support the theory? os) [Ans Hypothesis Ho: Espana reut doesnt soporte theo ‘Acotingthe tens te expece eure shouldbe: 188 ieee 16003 sop 1 12 0 10-00 Chanel | Eipecad Groups| Frequencies | Frequoees | (0,~£) | (0, | (0,~ 6)" 8, @_|_«. ae a B33 | 30813 [169 [056 ET 0-8 | 1 [036 Boa To] [ee [a Tout [1600 [1680 i 7