The RF Module
The RF Module
For High-Frequency Electromagnetics Modeling
5G cavity filter under thermostructural effects and phased microstrip patch antenna array.
Fully Integrated
Software Suite
▪ Multiphysics simulation,
from building geometry to
results analysis, via a
streamlined physics
modeling workflow
▪ Application Builder
▪ Model Manager
Ribbon tabs for all steps in
Definitions Geometry Materials Physics Mesh Study Results the modeling process
Model tree shows
sequences of
operations
Definitions
Geometry
Materials
Physics
Mesh
Study
Results
Modeling and
Simulation
Functionality
Subwavelength
▪ 1D (transmission line only), 2D, 2D scale
axisymmetry, and 3D microwave and *
millimeter-wave model setup: all steps,
from CAD to results and visualization
▪ Solving for Maxwell’s equations:
Frequency-domain vector wave equation
with the electric field Small device scale
Time-domain vector wave equation with the
magnetic vector potential
Boundary element method (BEM), in
addition to the finite element method (FEM),
solving the time-harmonic wave equation
for the electric field on surfaces
▪ Simplified asymptotic scattering Quarter-wave scale Handheld system scale
formulation and transmission line
equation for quick evaluation
The RF Module includes functionality for modeling metamaterials from the subwavelength scale through
the small device scale to the handheld system scale with the conventional finite element method.
Note: The study for touchscreen sensor performance is conducted with the AC/DC Module.
Large-Scale Modeling
Finite Element Method Boundary Element Method
Model sizes ranging from a few wavelengths to tens of Solves for surfaces only, with model sizes up to several
wavelengths with higher-order discretization elements hundred wavelengths, utilizing symmetry planes
and coarse mesh
INTERFACE
Electromagnetic
Waves, Frequency
Domain
▪ Solves for the time-harmonic
electromagnetic field with a variety of
boundary conditions
▪ Resonance frequencies, S-
parameters, near and far fields, Q
factors, propagation constants, and
antenna characterization
INTERFACE
Electromagnetic
Waves,
Transient
▪ Addresses nonlinear wave and
transient phenomena such as time-
domain reflectometry (TDR) and
signal propagation
▪ Electrostatic discharge and lightning
modeling with the predefined pulse
models
▪ Very broadband-like behavior
through fast Fourier transform (FFT)
INTERFACE
Electromagnetic
Waves, Boundary
Elements
▪ Solves the time-harmonic wave
equation for the electric field using the
Frequency Domain study type
▪ Boundary (surface) mesh
▪ Computes the electric field and
surface current distributions on
boundaries between piecewise
constant and isotropic material
domains
Additional Physics Interfaces
Time Explicit Asymptotic Scattering Transmission Line Electrical Circuit
For scattering problems Fast far-field computation For fast prototyping of Models lumped systems
with explicit time from provided background transmission line circuits, of circuit elements that
stepping that scales field, incident on metallic solving for the electric can be coupled to the
better than a transient (perfect electric conductor, potential finite element model
interface or PEC) objects
PREDEFINED
MULTIPHYSICS INTERFACE
Transmission Line,
RLGC Parameters
▪ Couples the Electric Currents interface
with the Magnetic Fields interface
▪ 2D analysis of transmission line cross
sections
▪ Computes transmission line
parameters, including series
resistance, inductance, shunt
conductance, and capacitance per
unit length, as well as the
characteristic impedance and
propagation constant
PREDEFINED MULTIPHYSICS INTERFACE
Electromagnetic Waves, FEM-BEM
▪ Couples the Electromagnetic Waves, Frequency Domain interface with the
Electromagnetic Waves, Boundary Elements interface
▪ Hybrid FEM–BEM models, where the boundary element method (BEM) is used to
compute the electric fields outside the finite-element-method (FEM) domains
▪ While inhomogeneous, graded, or anisotropic media can be addressed in the FEM
domain, the BEM is useful for modeling electromagnetic radiation and scattering
problems in open space, especially those involving infinite domains.
▪ The Electric Field Coupling multiphysics feature assures continuity of the tangential
electric and magnetic fields across boundaries between the two interfaces.
PREDEFINED MULTIPHYSICS INTERFACE
Microwave Heating
▪ Models electromagnetic heating by combining the Electromagnetic
Waves, Frequency Domain interface with the Heat Transfer in Solids
interface
▪ Specialized user interface and solvers addressing the two-way coupled
frequency-domain electromagnetics and time-domain thermal problems
Electromagnetic Heating Modeling
Microwave oven. SAR1 and temperature distribution. Skin cancer diagnosis probe. RF heating.
▪ Heat source: electromagnetic losses from the
electromagnetic waves with temperature-dependent
electromagnetic material properties
▪ Based on the assumption that the electromagnetic cycle
time is short compared to the thermal time scale
1 SAR = specific absorption rate
Structural Deformation
in RF Devices
Thermal drift in a cavity filter. Deformed PCB lowpass filter. Thermostructural effects. Piezoelectric tunable cavity filter.
▪ Studies resonant frequency responses affected by
thermostructural phenomena
▪ Combined with a Solid Mechanics and Heat Transfer in Solids
interface
Examples from the Application Libraries
Antenna in an anechoic
1
Phased antenna array. EMI–EMC in a circuit. chamber. Wilkinson power divider.
Double-ridged horn antenna. MRI coil. Frequency-selective surface. Lightning surge on a tower.
1 EMI–EMC = electromagnetic interference–electromagnetic compatibility
ADDITIONAL MODULES
Electromagnetics
Particle Tracing Semiconductor
Plasma Module MEMS Module Module Module
▪ DC discharge and ▪ Coupling of structural Paths of charged particles Solves for electron and hole
capacitively coupled, mechanics and through electric, magnetic, concentrations and electric
inductively coupled, and electrostatics and fluid fields potential in semiconductor
microwave plasmas materials
▪ Modeling of
▪ The AC/DC Module or the electroactuation and
RF Module may also be piezoelectric devices
needed
COMPLETE SIMULATION WORKFLOW
From Conventional RF ▪ A wide range of RF applications can be addressed through
electromagnetic wave interfaces in both time and frequency domains.
to Multiphysics ▪ Easy-to-use predefined electromagnetic waves interfaces for
Designs Using a
modeling and simulation of RF, microwave, and millimeter-waves, plus
extension into the THz range.
Streamlined Modeling ▪ The variety of physical features (boundary conditions) allows users to
model phenomena that closely mirror real-world environments.
Platform ▪ The RF Module combines user-friendliness with the ability to define
your own equations and multiphysics couplings.
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