Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address:[Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]
CHAPTER 4 - SYSTEM RESPONSE WITH ADDITIONAL POLES
PRE-LABORATORY SIMULATION (MATLAB OFFLINE)
Procedures:
1. Open the script in MATLAB and review the initial aircraft pitch dynamics modeled by
the natural frequency (wn_aircraft = 3.0) and damping ratio (zeta_aircraft = 0.6).
2. Navigate to Part 1 to complete the student_time_response function. Initialize the Laplace
variable by defining s_var = tf('s');.
3. Model the first-order hydraulic actuator delay by defining its transfer function:
𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝐺𝑎 = 𝑠𝑣𝑎𝑟+𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟
;.
4. Construct the complete closed-loop tracking system using the feedback() command:
T_closed = feedback(K_pilot * G_a * G_p, 1);.
5. Set up the time vector t_out and the pilot stick pulse command u_out. Compute the
simulated time response using y_out = lsim(T_closed, u_out, t_out);.
6. Run the script to launch the "Flight Control System: Actuator Delay & PIO" dashboard.
Use the interactive sliders to dynamically adjust the Pilot Gain and Actuator Pole.
Guide Questions:
1. Based on the "Time Domain: Pitch Response" plot, how does moving the Actuator Pole
closer to zero (increasing the hydraulic delay) affect the aircraft's ability to stabilize after
the pilot's stick command?
2. Observing the "S-Plane: Root Migration" map, what happens to the trajectory of the
complex conjugate poles as you increase the Pilot Gain to the point of triggering
Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO) and structural failure?
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address:[Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]
LABORATORY SIMULATION (MATLAB ONLINE)
Procedures:
1. Open the script within your MATLAB Online workspace.
2. Review STEP 1 to observe how the dominant baseline second-order system (G_base) is
established using a natural frequency (ω𝑛 = 10) and damping ratio (ζ = 0.5).
3. Navigate to STEP 2 to examine how a third-order system is created by cascading
(multiplying) the baseline system with a first-order pole transfer function. Notice the
specific array structures used to create the three different pole locations: a far pole (pfar =
100), a moderate pole (pclose = 10), and a severe pole (psevere = 2).
4. Run the script and observe the MATLAB Command Window to verify how the tf()
multiplication automatically expands the polynomial arrays into a 3rd-order denominator
(highest power of s3).
5. Examine the generated plot in STEP 3. Compare the baseline system's transient response
against the three higher-order approximations. Modify the severe pole location in STEP 2
(e.g., change psevere = 2; to psevere = 0.5;), then re-run to observe the extreme degradation in
the transient speed.
Guide Questions:
𝑝
1. In STEP 2, the added first-order transfer functions are mathematically constructed as 𝑠+𝑝
(e.g., tf([p_far], [1, p_far])). If you were to alter the numerator array and write it simply
as tf([1], [1, p_far]) instead, what specific steady-state characteristic of the final plotted
signal would be unintentionally destroyed?
2. Based on the generated step response plot in STEP 3, what physical effect does moving
the third pole from 𝑠 =− 100 (far left on the s-plane) to 𝑠 =− 2 (closer to the
imaginary axis) have on the system's "rise time" and overall transient speed?