Subject: Natural Language Processing U12PC601
Assignment No 1: Unit I
1. Explain the key characteristics of human languages that make natural language
processing challenging for computers.
2. Explain the concept of ambiguity in natural language processing, and discuss how it
poses challenges in understanding human languages.
3. Identify the phases of Natural Language Processing and apply each to illustrate its role in
language understanding by machines
4. Examine the applications of natural language processing in real-world scenarios.
5. What is the need of NLP system? Why is it difficult to process the natural languages?
6. Analyze the importance of text representation in NLP. How does improper representation
impact model performance?
7. Explore N-grams language model.
8. Apply the TF-IDF language model to a text example and explain how it represents word
importance."
9. Analyze the Word2Vec language model and explain its working with an example.
Assignment No 2: Unit II
1. Define a corpus in NLP. What are the key elements required to construct a balanced
corpus?
2. Explain how XML is used for managing linguistic data. Illustrate with a simple
annotated text example.
3. Compare the features and roles of GATE and NLTK in NLP resource management.
4. Write and explain regular expressions for the following tasks:
a) Extract all email IDs from a text
b) Identify words starting with a capital letter
5. Analyze the role of Finite State Automata (FSA) in word recognition.
6. Evaluate different smoothing techniques used in N-gram models. Why is smoothing
necessary in NLP?
7. Illustrate the working of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) with a suitable example (e.g.,
POS tagging).
Assignment No 3: Unit III
1. Explain the concept of Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging. Why is it important in natural
language processing?
2. Illustrate how stochastic POS tagging works using probabilities. Provide a simple
example.
3. Compare stochastic tagging and transformation-based tagging approaches. Highlight their
strengths and limitations.
4. Define Named Entities and Multi-Word Expressions (MWEs). Explain their significance
in NLP applications.
5. Explain the following linguistic concepts with examples:
a) Lexeme
b) Phoneme
c) Phrase
d) Idiom
6. Explain Context-Free Grammar (CFG) with an example. How is it used in syntactic
parsing?
7. Construct a simple CFG for a given sentence and show its parse tree.
Assignment No 4: Unit IV
1. Explain the concept of unification in NLP. How is it used in feature-based grammars?
2. Analyze the working of probabilistic parsing. How does it improve upon traditional
parsing techniques?
3. What is a TreeBank? Explain its role in training and evaluating NLP models.
4. Illustrate meaning representation with an example.
5. Analyze the process of semantic analysis in NLP. What challenges are involved in
extracting meaning from text?
6. Demonstrate how WordNet can be used for word sense disambiguation with an example.
7. Explain selection restrictions with examples. How do they help in resolving semantic
ambiguity?
8. Explain Hobbs’ algorithm for pronoun resolution with a step-by-step example
Assignment No 5: Unit V
1. Analyze the concept of a chatbot and evaluate its impact on real-world natural language
processing applications.
2. Examine the key challenges involved in designing and deploying chatbots across various
domains.
3. Analyze the differences between scripted chatbots and AI-based chatbots. Discuss their
advantages and limitations.
4. Explain the role of NLP in spell-checking and text summarization applications.
5. Explain the Vector Space Model in Information Retrieval.
6. Compare different approaches to spell-checking, including rule-based, statistical, and
machine learning-based techniques.
2 Marks Question
1. Define Natural Language Processing (NLP) and state its key characteristics.
2. Explain the concept of ambiguity in NLP with a simple example
3. Define a corpus in NLP and mention its basic components.
4. Explain the role of regular expressions in text processing.
5. What is Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging? Why is it used?
6. Define Named Entities and give two examples.
7. What is semantic analysis in NLP?
8. Define TreeBank and state its purpose.
9. What is a chatbot? Give one real-world application.
10. Explain the Vector Space Model in Information Retrieval.
11. What is an encoding scheme? Name one example (e.g., ASCII/Unicode).
12. Define N-gram model.
13. What is stochastic tagging?
14. What is Word Sense Disambiguation?
15. What is the difference between scripted and AI chatbots?