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Body Fluids

The document discusses the composition and significance of body fluids, detailing variations in total body water based on factors such as sex, age, and adipose tissue. It outlines the compartments of body fluids, including intracellular and extracellular fluids, and their respective compositions. Additionally, it defines dehydration and categorizes it into mild, moderate, and severe types based on the percentage of fluid loss.

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7 views12 pages

Body Fluids

The document discusses the composition and significance of body fluids, detailing variations in total body water based on factors such as sex, age, and adipose tissue. It outlines the compartments of body fluids, including intracellular and extracellular fluids, and their respective compositions. Additionally, it defines dehydration and categorizes it into mild, moderate, and severe types based on the percentage of fluid loss.

Uploaded by

mohamedkop691
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Body uids

• In human beings, the total body water varies


from 45% to 75% of body weight. Total
quantity of body water in an average human
being weighing about 70 kg is about 40 L.
Body uids a ect by
Sex:- In a normal young adult male, 60% to
65% of water. In a normal young adult
female, the water is 50% to 55% and .In
females, water is less because of more
amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Age:- In old age, water content is decreased
Adipose tissue:- In thin persons, water
content is more than that in obese persons.
SIGNIFICANCE OF BODY FLUIDS

IN HOMEOSTASIS
IN TRANSPORT MECHANISM
IN METABOLIC REACTIONS
IN TEMPERATURE REGULATION
IN TEXTURE OF TISSUES
COMPARTMENTS OF BODY
FLUIDS
• 1. Intracellular uid (ICF): Its volume is 22 L
and it forms 55% of the total body water
• 2. Extracellular uid (ECF): Its volume is 18 L
and it forms 45% of the total body water.
ECF is divided into :
• i. Interstitial uid
• ii. Plasmas
• iii. Transcellular
COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUIDS
Body uids contain water and solids. Solids are
organic and inorganic substances.
ORGANIC SUBSTANCES:
glucose, amino acids and other proteins, fatty acids
INORGANIC SUBSTANCES:
sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride,
bicarbonate , phosphate and sulfate.
ECF contains large quantity of sodium, chloride,
bicarbonate,
glucose, fatty acids and oxygen.
ICF contains large quantities of potassium,
magnesium, phosphates, sulfates and proteins.
pH of ECF is 7.4___ICF is 7.0.
MEASUREMENT OF Body Fluids
Volume of interstitial uid cannot be measured
directly. It
is calculated from the values of ECF volume and
plasma
volume.
Interstitial uid volume =ECF volume – Plasma
volume
MEASUREMENT OF INTRACELLULARFLUID
VOLUME:
Volume of ICF cannot be measured directly. It is
calculated from the values of total body water and
ECF.
ICF volume = Total uid volume – ECF volume.
Osmotic pressure control of body
uids
Change in osmolality of ECF a ects the
volume of
both ECF and ICF. When osmolality of ECF
increases,
water moves from ICF to ECF. When the
osmolality
decreases in ECF, water moves from ECF to
ICF. Water
movement continues until the osmolality of
these two
uid compa ments becomes equal.
DEHYDRATION
• De nition
Dehydration is de ned as excessive loss of water from
the body
Basically, dehydration is of three types:
1. Mild dehydration: It occurs when uid loss is about
5% of total body uids. Dehydration is not ve
serious and can be treated easily by rehydration.
2. Moderate dehydration: It occurs when uid loss
is about 10%. Dehydration becomes little serious
and immediate treatment should be given by
rehydration.
3. Severe dehydration: It occurs when uid loss is
about 15%. Dehydration becomes severe and
requires hospitalization and emergency treatment.

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