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Writing Reference

The document serves as a writing reference for Paper 2, outlining various tasks including writing letters, reviews, reports, and essays. It provides specific guidelines and model answers for each type of writing, emphasizing structure, language use, and the importance of clarity and coherence. Additionally, it includes tips for improving marks and an editing checklist.

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2 views12 pages

Writing Reference

The document serves as a writing reference for Paper 2, outlining various tasks including writing letters, reviews, reports, and essays. It provides specific guidelines and model answers for each type of writing, emphasizing structure, language use, and the importance of clarity and coherence. Additionally, it includes tips for improving marks and an editing checklist.

Uploaded by

gamificacion.jez
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Writing reference (Paper 2) Contents Paper 2, Part 1 p.199 Information sheet p.201 Informal letter p.202 Review p.204 Report/Proposal p.206 Article p.208 Essay p2i0 Improving your marks p2it Editing checklist p24 Paper 2, Part 1 Task You recently stayed at Happy Valley Campsite with a group of classmates on an end-of-course tri, but were disappointed with your stay. Look at the brochure you received from Happy Valley Campsite before booking the trip and the notes you made while you were there. Then write a letter to the campsite director complaining about your stay and asking for compensation on behalf of your group, giving your reasons. Not now ~ new policy in place eal Only open one hour daily ~ expensive Write your letter in 180-220 words. , Writing reference (Paper 2) Model answer DO use the pe name if you know DO state the purpose of your letter clearly ‘and concisely. 120 make links between paragraphs. DO expand on the ideas inthe input but make sure that you don’ include things that ae inelevant you have used the beginning of your letter, DO end your letter lke this peronsname atthe | __ Yours sincerely, Dear Mr Thompson, J am writing to complain about a holiday I spent at Happy ‘Valley from 12th to 20th August with a group of student friends. We were unsatisfied with our stay for several reasons, and feel that we were misled by your brochure. The financial side, our first complaint is that we were charged the full fee despite the fact that we had originally been quoted a price with a student discount, Furthermore, and contrary to what is stated in your brochure, friends io brought their own tents were not allowed to use them and had to pay to rent tents they did not need. If this were nct enough, we have complaints about the site elf. The trailers were cramped and had not been cleaned for some time. Akhough there was a mini-market, it was not at all ‘convenient’; apart from being extremely expensive, it was closed for most of the day. Finally, I would ar and one cinensg in-Grimscia ‘fantastic nightlife’ as your I tried to speak to you during our stay, but this was impossible. I feel that your brochure is misleading. I expect to receive. financial compensation for our disappointment, otherwise I will take the matter further by contacting an organisation dealing with advertising standards. I look forward to hearing from yan. James Drown James Brown situation you are wttng DO begin by identiving andior descrbing the about 00 organise points fram the input in 2 logical and coherent a, T+). Do make links } between points within the paragraph DONT use the same | | tenguage 2s the irput as this may cause you to use the wrong register, DO say what you your letter to be in the final paragr USEFUL LANGUAGE “STATING THE CIRCUMSTANCE 3 Jam writing ‘= to draw your sttention to ran! + to complain stout ‘+ to express my concern about + with regard (0 LISTING COMPLAINTS ‘+ My most serious complaint is .. ‘+ Not only (+ inversion, e.g, Not only dd your employee insult us)... But also = Firstly... Secondly, .. Finally, .. ‘+ If this were not enouah ... ~ DEMANDING ACTION TO 6E TAKEN + Unless you .... Ihave no option but to... + 1 do NOt «Iwill have no choice but to .. Otherwise I will be forced to... Writing reference (Paper 2) Paper 2, Part 2 ! USEFUL LANGUAGE Information sheet Aerating AaouT nistoRY : ‘Founded in 1825, the city of ... 7 * DO think of a title for your information The Sports Centre was established in 1924 ... sheet that will arouse the reader's 1956 saw the creation of curiosity and interest. ‘SRAEnC EC untae MiCN: DON'T provide illustrations. |. Nestling in the Saint Laurent Valley is the village of A short drive along the coast road takes you to! Escabar Task Directly opposite the Houses of Parliament, you will find... . a TALKING ABOUT FACILITIES OFFERED OR PRODUCTS AVAILASLE Your local tourist office has asked you The hotel offers superb . Z| 10 contribute to an information sheet Marine spot facilities at Porto Rco cannot be bettered. for visitors to your country. The purpose In addition to innovative products for financial management, our company also ... of this information sheet is to inform USTING POINTS O8 FEATURES ‘that occur throughout the year. Thal oletaes exes be siete Write your information sheet in ‘* interpreting '* event management Se io mien “Among several future projects are plans to create an online service. Model answer i e PO sm ns ‘The Land of the Long Weekend We're famous for our public holidays, many of which are on @ Monday or Son eae Bates Friday, Here ate some of the most important in each of the four seasons. Peo ete Ge (Be warned: banks and most businesses are closed on days marked with an *!) | choose to use bullet eins yu you wl bo we scien Gaming tree ica ‘Christmas falls in the summer in the Southern Hemisphere, and we celebrate range ct structures and ‘our national day in this season too. ee _J nen and this ry DO use bullet ‘= Christmas Day (25/12)" * New Year's Day (1/1)* atfect your mark inthe points if they are ‘+ Boxing Day (26/12)* + Australia Day (26/1)* — appropriate, but ‘make sure that Autumn you ao use a When the leaves begin to fal, Australians think of Easter and of another range of national holiday, ANZAC day. The latter is a day on which Australians and toa ‘New Zealanders remember thér compatriots who lost their lives in the First World War. Members of the armed forces as well as ex-servicemen and women take part in a parade. Good Friday* Easter Monday* ANZAC Day, April 25th (Australia and New Zealand) Winter Imeem her Winters are mild in Australia so if you don't lke very hot weather, this is @ of rteding {good time for visting! The mast important public holiday is 9th June* ~ fxch section Queen Elizabeth Ils oficial birhday Spring ‘The most important public halday is in Victoria on the second Tuesday in ‘November, and is Melbourne Cup Day. The Melbourne Cup is a horse race, ‘and locals go to watch it. People from all over Australia follow it closely on Tato or television. especialy if they have olaced a bet! Devt forget So whenever you choose to come to Australia, you'll be able to join the gg Atralans navng fun on one o their many public holidays. Writing reference (Paper 2) Informal letter Task You recently went on holiday abroad and stayed with a friend. Unfortunately, you misread the departure time on your return ticket and missed your flight. You were able to get another flight the same day but had no money left to pay for the ticket, so your friend paid for it. Write a letter to your friend explaining how you have arranged repayment and inviting him/her to stay with you when he/she visits your country. Write your letter in 220-260 words. Model answer DO begin by teling your friend why you've decided to wnt. thank ups for tebing me ot on Fadays Tm realty corey DO expand upon the task input by using your own ideas. DONT finish your letter with Yours sincerehyfaithfly DO use an appropriate INFORMAL phrase. “There are various ways of casing letters 10 friends depending on haw well you know them. For very close friends or relatives you ‘can use With all my) ove, Love or Lots of ‘Love; with fiends use All the best, with people you stil don't know very wel use (With) best wishes. Dear Claca, I thougrt Td better drop you a ine straigntauay to T had fo bother you at such an unsociable how ‘and T know you can imagine how embarrassed T was abort raving to ask ypu to pay for my ticket! Tam now home safely as ype can see. T wert into muy bank this meming and acranged to ‘transfer tre price of the ticket from my accomt to yours, so the money shoud be with you any day now. Tim enclosing ‘the Ceceipt so yoo can see haw much the ticket cost in dollars and check thet the amount Tie sent in panda is correct. Et shodd be, as T asked the bank cashier to dovble check ‘the exchange cate. Despite mincing the plane lke that, Thad a wonderful time with yoo In San Francisco, T pachuiady enjoyed meeting your niece and gong on ‘the boat ‘tip uith her fiends. T also loved the chy, especially tre bay area and hope Tit get to come back before too tonal T knew you seid you might vist London in the a ee ea Off work, and hat iF You came, you wil stay with me ‘and my family We have plenty of room and You'd be very welcome, 20 et ket us know when ype coming Td love. the chance to retun ypw hospraltty and to ‘show yoo around London. A the best . Tll speak to yoo soon, and thanks, againt Ton ne O divide your letter into paragraphs, each (of which Should cover 2 different element from the task input, DO close your letter by mentioning the next time you wil see oF speak to them. USEFUL LANGUAGE BEGINNING THE LETTER ‘Thanks so much for your letter. It was really great to hear from you. Sorry not to have writterv/been in touch for so long/such a long time. ve been realy busy lately Thought Id betteridrop you a line/write to let you know ... ENDING THE LETTER. | think that’s all my news for the moment. Do write soon and let me ‘know what you've been doing. ‘Once again, thanks very much for being so nice to Suse. Can't wait to see you on the 24th/next week in Cambridge Don’t forget to say ‘hi’ to... from me, Give my love to... ‘Speak to you soon APOLOGISING {Fm really/terribly/awfully sorry about what happened the other night. Sony | couldn’vididn’t manage to ses you ast time I 798i. wwurring : How about meeting up fora drinkicoming over for a meal some time? Why don’t we try to get together some time soon? ‘was wondering if you might like to get together vith the rest of the old gang net time you're in town. RESPONDING TO AN INVITATION Thanks very much for initing us to your party. We're really looking forward tot ‘was really excited when I got your invitation. Unfortunately, ve ‘realized it's the same weekend as my cousin's weddingso | won't be able to ‘make iit doesn’t look ae if 'm going te make it MAKING A REQUEST Iwas wondering if you happened to know anywhere we could stay. If you've got a spare moment, do you think you could find out vihen the ‘music festival i on this year? REFERRING TO A PREVIOUS LETTER Do you remember that sports cenvre you mentioned in your last letter? You said in your letter that you were thinking of apalying for a scholarship. Last time you wrote you asked hows Tina was getting on. You know that course I told you | had applied for? Well, Writs Review Senailli=nereliaialiiaieaaiittinatiaeientetticnmmm ss neem Task The editor of your college English language magazine has asked you to write a review of two films you have seen recently saying why one of the films is likely to be of particular relevance and interest to students at the college and why you believe the other is nat so useful. ‘Write your review in 220-260 words Model answer CE Rare DOT The two videos | watched were ‘Cure for Summertime Dostart your review structure of your Blues" and "Days-of Wonder’. The first was worth the Se review inthe ist time and money and has an important message; alll | to stract your ieee ‘can say about the second is you'd be better off auclence’s attention, spending your cash an a take-away pizza! “Cure for Summertime Blues’ isa film about young people on holiday in Greece, and almast as soon as it started | found myself laughing till | cried and nodding in agreement with more or fess every line of the script. | hadn’t seen any of the actors before but | found their portrayal af teenagers from a London DONT forget to cover al comprehensive completely convincing. The film has a re ere loned In clear message ‘or young people: that caring about others and the planet means more than money or Jooks. The film was thought provoking as well as t extremely entertaining. In reviews of more rereimogesr |_——— Conversely, ‘Dzys of Wonder’ was a completely ‘compatison and different kettle of fish. Despite a star-studded cast, a contrast director with astring of film successes behind her and a screenplay bzsed on the novel of the same name, DO awe ntormaton cut the cast, rector oF screen —_/ ‘Days of Wonder’ just doesn’t work. Changing the i galas tiaras 2 se vocabulary speci setting from seventeenth century Paris to contemporary abcut a fr mianig Doty endef ‘Sydney, while leaving the script in the baroque style your review interesting fer | of the original novel, is particularly unsatisfactory. : ‘he teaser by usirge || What's more, its impossible to believe that a man DONT jst descrbe the rea pet cacti ‘would contemplate killing someone merely for_ poe oC speaking to his girlfriend. Such inconsistencies in the plot ruined the credibility of the film for me. ‘The purpose of 2 review is often to persuade the reader to see the film o- read the book, DON'T tel your readers about the Endiog ft wil Fun the flim or book for them So, if you want to watch something that you'll enjoy oer ieee an and which has something important to say then ‘Cure———] 3 recommendation or for Summertime Blues' is the one to chioose nal evatuton. USEFUL LANGUAGE BOOK (FICTION) ‘Types: thriler, mystery, whodunit, romance, science ficfon, fantasy, histoncal Elements: characte, plot, dalogue, setting, atmosphere, author, novelist, writer BOOK (NON-FICTION) Types: coffee table book, cookery book, travel book, encyclopedia, dictionary, textbook, manual Elements: chapter, ection, index, glossary illustration, author, caitor uM ‘Types: (2s for fiction) + adaptation, comedy, animation Elements: screenplay, script, set, role, costume, design, photography, special effects, animation, soundtrack People: cast, actor, diector, producer, seriptrites Pay ‘Types: (as for film) + face, musical Elements: ac, scene, set, role, costume, lyrics, musi, desion, stage People: (as for fim) + playwright, composer concert ‘Types of group or musician: rock grouplband/musician, (lad, bass, rythm) guitarist, lead/aacking) singer, drummer, folk singer/guitarist, country and western singa, jazz bendiquertethriatsinger, orchestra, quintetquartel/ ensemblefsolcisvviolinistielist Elements: song. rics. tune. piece. symphony. concerto Cantata, score stage, theatre, hall, auditorium, People: songymiter, composer, conductor. EXHIBITION Types: painting, sculpture, photography, furniture, desig, handicrafts Elements: galery, catalogue, displays TV PROGRAMME ‘Types: series, documentary, soap opera, drema, situation ‘comedy, chat show, debate, curent fais programme > People: compére, presenter, host, director, producer, scriptuite, cast, actor PROVIDING BACKGROUND INFORMATION. “A Horse ofa Different Colour’ is Michae! Gordon's fourth rnovel/second film/irst major role/second individual exhibition. “in the Beginning Wes the Word" came on at Odeon cnemas last week and I went along to se it INTRODUCING A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE PLOT Set in eightconth century London, the film tells the story off recounts events in the lies of three sisters. {In the breathtaking landscape of northern Canaca, the book examines the themes of solitude and intimacy. ‘On the eve of the Fst Weld War the sors Introduces us to the Wilson housetiold COMMENTING CRITICALLY 1 ound the plot rather conventional/predictableccontrivedicompletely bizarrefabsurdincomprehensible. The novelist has sueceedd in creating an extremely intricatercomplex ploventirely believablasie-like characters The choracters are completely believablefunconvincing and the dialogue is witty/stilted and naturatartficial The ballerina was absolutely biliantiwas verging on the incompetent. A particular strengthiveakness ofthe producion was the set design by Marcelo Comer The exibition catalogue is economically pricedridiculously over priced, PROVIDING A RECOMMENDATION { would strongly advise you nat to misswaste your money fon ‘Ain't Gota Cue’ 1 would definitely recommend seeinghvisitingheadingrhaving a look at ‘Mebourne: @ Sentimental Journey’ Tor those who enjoy contemporary music, Postal Sting Quartet are not to be missed, Go and see ‘Momix. You'll be amazed. ‘COMPARING AND CONTRASTING (STRENGTHS OF TWO EVENTS) WhileAthereas/Although/Despite the fact thavin spite of the fact that characterisation was particularly stong, the plot graduely lost credibly The cast is brilliant; especially when you take into account ‘how truly dreadful the script ‘1 Remember What You Did Last Winter’ is a masterpiece; ‘Looking for Sam’ is the opposite. - Both films are likely to appeal to younger audfences, but ‘Postmortem’ will be especially appealing. Neither the novel nor the film fully convinced me, though the character of Marge really comes alive on the screen. Writing reference (Paper 2) Report ee Task Your local council is conducting a review into sporting activities with the aim of encouraging more people to take part in sport. You agree to write a report describing the existing level of participation in sporting activities in your area including factors which discourage people from taking part in sport, and recommending ways of encouraging more people to take up a sport. Write your report in 220-260 words. Model answer Participation in Sport in Santa Maria Dosa aaa Introduction the purpose ofyout_ |__—-}-— The aims of this report are to provide an overview of report. DO use an participation in sporting activities in my local community, rea Sek indicate factors which discourage people from taking part formal style. Te in sport and make recommendations as to how greater Bo se cer aout ticipation in sport mi; hieve wih headings. Current situation peat look like a he | ___1_- | interviewed people from 13 to 82 living in Santa Maria. Cs Fewer than halftook part in any sporting activity. Among those who did do sport, football was the most popular followed by individual keep-fit activities such as jogging, aerobics and swimming. Tennis was popular among older people because of its social nature, while basketball and martial arts were least popular. Pee oe . es et Factors preventing fuller participation ae ‘There was a clear division between those who already took tk part in sport and those who did not. The former cited cost of equipment and lack of facilities, e.g. tennis courts and good football pitches as the main factors preventing them from doing more. Those who did not play a sport, on the other hand, cited dislike of competitive sports and lack of time as the mair reasons. Some described the poor quality Of facilities in changing rooms as an off putting factor. DO express opinions and) ‘make recommendations in the last section of Recommendations Your epor. DO incude CET RU IESG In my opinion, encouraging those who currently take no aise points whate part in sports should be a priority. I recommend opinsn approprate, but * organising an advertising campaign in order to promote — penenberpisna keep-fit activities rather than team games DOR make your bulet * introducing new activities such as water aerobics at points 100 simple as you times when people are free miners eae * upgrading facilities currently considered to be poor. points too much name Those who already do some sporting activity will be ‘one section is wocebulary, and this may encouraged to do more if current sporting facilities are efnuah Bffect your mark in the upgraded. Report v Proposal ‘The layout and format of a proposal can be very similar to a report. However, where a report is usually based on an event or situation that has happened or already exists, a proposal tends to be based on a {uture situation or plan and is more forward looking, The recommendations section is the most important part of a proposal USEFUL LANGUAGE (FOR A REPORT) STATING THE PURPOSE OF THE REPORT The aim/purpose of this report iswas to describefevaluate/present ... In this report, | will describe/evaluate/present .. This report provides a description/evaluation/presentation ... DESCRIBING HOW YOU GOT YOUR INFORMATION I spoke tofinterviewed several members of staff... ‘Members of the local police force answered 8 questionnaire | visited three hotels: the Martina; the Plage Royale and the Shackelton ... conducted a survey among college graduates .. Car owners were invited to attend a focus group .. REPORTING YOUR RESULTS ‘Mast people saidlexpressed the opinion that According to Dr Ann Wikinson, the funding is. A highismaltsignificant proportion of those surveyedirespondents said that .. 25% of the stuclents ‘A smell number felt tot the situation hed deteriorate PRESENTING A Uist The points in favour/against introducing genetically moditied foods can be summarised as follows: Vw aa ‘The following reasons were given for lack of participation in local festivals: firstly ... secondly ‘Arguments put forward in favour of/against the introduction of a focal television channel were: 1 = There are # number of ways in which facilities for the parents of small children could be improved! fies an MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS {In the light of the results of the survey/questionnave the introduction of a small fee would seem to be te best choice/optionssolution. I would recommend, therefore, the purchase of five ‘more computers and laser printers. ‘My recommendations are as follo USEFUL LANGUAGE (FOR A PROPOSAL) STATING THE PURPOSE OF THE PROPOSAL In this proposal, 1 will describelevaluate/present/ assess... This proposal is for BACKGROUND INFORMATION Feedback from student questionnaires suggests. Following 2 survey among college graduates... Interested parties were invited to attend .. ‘There were several issues arising from the last event, Which was not a success ... MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A focus group should be set up by. There should be an Investigation into... Frecommend that a new centre be established ... FINAL RECOMMENDATION In the light of the results of the survey/questionnaire the introduction of a small fee would seem to be the best choice/option/solution. If these recommendations are followed, then the situation will be greatly improved. Wf these suggestions are implemented, there will be ‘marked improvement in the situation. Writing reference (Paper 2) Article eee Task You read the following announcement in an international travel magazine. Write your article in 220-260 words. Model answer 20 think of interest DO use language that is appropriate for your audience and Topic, and try 10 ‘make it interesting ‘and engaging for the reader, DO finish your article in an imeresing wey. To tour or not to tour . ? A good question? ‘Tourism is the fast-growing industry of our age, and as travel becomes even easier it will continue to expand, But is this. really the best thing for us all? Its a good question. Personally, I ivein a small town where tourists are few and {fer between. In one way, having tourists around would bring 9 breath of fresh ar into the town, and people would open up more interesting shops that could benefit everyone. If hotels ‘were opened and new leisure activities set up, there would be greater job opportunities and young people would be more likely to stay in the town instead of moving to the city to find work as they do at present. There would also be more for local people to da in their spare time. So there are cert ‘sdvamtages that some with tourism, but wht about the other side of the coin? ‘Travel increases pollution and damage to the environment in ‘general. On a local level, too many tourists can upset the balance of a town and with the inevitable increase in traffic there is likely to 2 congestion in small centres like mine. This ‘can be seen in small ski resorts in winter, when large numbers: of enthusiastic stiers clog up narrow roads leading to the slopes causing problems for locals going about thelr normal lives. So what's the answer? On balance, | think there should be. more tourism where | live because the advantages outweigh the disadvantages ~ though | think it should be regulated. On 2 personal note, I'd love to have a cinema in the town! Do invohe the reader by using rmetorical questions, especially atthe beginning of 2 paragraph — but ONTT use too rary thetorcal questions in one answer as they lose thelr impact and become repetitive, DONT forget t0 cover all aspects of the task, DON'T forget to ‘express your opinion ‘and fo suppor it vith evidence oF examples. Writing reference (Paper 2) “USEFUL LANGUAGE RHETORICAL QUESTIONS We're all supposed to hate advertising, but do we? {don't think we do at all What's Lodz got to offer the tourist? Everything fron magnificent architecture to one of the loveliest parks in Poland. So what are we really talking about? Sos this really true? [ADDRESSING THE READER DIRECTLY ‘'m sure you will agree with me when I say that .. We all hate it when

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