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.SCHOOL BASED PROJECT
Name of School: ______________________________
Name of Pupil: ______________________________
Year: 2026
Level: O Level
Learning Area: Combined Science
Project Title: Addressing Poor Hygiene through the Use of Cleaning Chemicals
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
1. To investigate the problem of poor hygiene in the school and community.
2. To identify cleaning chemicals that can be used to improve hygiene.
3. To test the effectiveness of selected cleaning chemicals in removing dirt and germs.
4. To promote proper use of cleaning chemicals for a healthier environment.
STAGE 1: PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
1.1 Description of the problem, innovation, or identified gap
Poor hygiene is a common problem in many schools and communities. Dirty classrooms, toilets, desks,
and hands can lead to the spread of diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and diarrhea. Many learners do
not clean properly or do not use the correct cleaning chemicals. This increases illness and absenteeism.
There is a need to teach and demonstrate how cleaning chemicals can be used to improve hygiene and
prevent disease.
1.2 Brief statement of intent
This project aims to investigate how the use of cleaning chemicals such as soap, disinfectant, and bleach
can improve hygiene and reduce the spread of germs.
1.3 Design / Project specifications or parameters
1. The chemicals must be safe and commonly available.
2. The method must be easy to demonstrate.
3. The cleaning effect must be visible.
4. The solution must be affordable and suitable for school use.
STAGE 2: INVESTIGATIONS OF RELATED IDEAS
2.1 Evidence of a related idea
Idea 1 is cleaning with water only.
Idea 2 is cleaning using soap and detergent.
Idea 3 is cleaning using disinfectants and bleach.
2.2 Analysis of ideas
Idea 1 Water only
Merits
1. Cheap.
2. Easy to use.
3. Safe.
Demerits
1. Does not kill germs.
2. Does not remove grease.
3. Poor hygiene results.
Idea 2 Soap and detergent
Merits
1. Removes dirt and grease.
2. Reduces germs.
3. Easy to use.
Demerits
1. Does not kill all germs.
2. Needs rinsing.
3. Can cause skin irritation.
Idea 3 Disinfectants and bleach
Merits
1. Kills germs.
2. Improves hygiene greatly.
3. Used in hospitals.
Demerits
1. Can be dangerous if misused.
2. Has strong smell.
3. Needs careful handling.
2.3 Overall quality of presentation
Using disinfectants and detergents together gives better hygiene than water alone.
STAGE 3: GENERATION OF IDEAS OR POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
3.1 Evidence of possible solution
Solution 1 is hand washing with soap.
Solution 2 is cleaning surfaces with detergent.
Solution 3 is disinfecting toilets and floors with diluted bleach.
3.2 Merits of each solution
Solution 1
1. Reduces germs on hands.
2. Prevents disease.
3. Easy to practice.
Solution 2
1. Removes dirt.
2. Improves cleanliness.
3. Affordable.
Solution 3
1. Kills germs.
2. Prevents infection.
3. Very effective.
3.3 Demerits of each solution
Solution 1
1. Needs water.
2. Soap may not be available.
3. Some people forget.
Solution 2
1. He needs scrubbing.
2. Time consuming.
3. Needs rinsing.
Solution 3
1. Strong chemical.
2. Needs careful use.
3. Can damage surfaces.
3.4 Overall quality of presentation
The solutions together provide a complete hygiene system.
STAGE 4: DEVELOPMENT OF CHOSEN IDEA
4.1 Indication of choice
The chosen solution is using soap for hands and disinfectant for surfaces.
4.2 Justification of choice
This combination cleans visible dirt and kills germs, making it very effective in improving hygiene.
4.3 Developments or refinements
1. Train students to use correct amounts.
2. Use gloves when handling disinfectants.
3. Label all chemicals.
4.4 Overall presentation
The final hygiene system is safe and effective.
STAGE 5: PRESENTATION OF THE FINAL SOLUTION
5.1 Artefact
Cleaning tools such as soap, disinfectant, gloves, and buckets.
5.2 Service
Demonstration of proper cleaning and hand washing.
5.3 Product
Clean toilets, desks, and hands.
STAGE 6: EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 Relevance to statement of intent
The project shows that cleaning chemicals greatly improve hygiene and reduce disease risk.
6.2 Challenges encountered
Some chemicals caused irritation. This was solved by using gloves and proper dilution.
6.3 Recommendations
1. Provide more soap.
2. Train students.
3. Use posters.
4. Store chemicals safely.
5. Clean regularly.
6. #explore #display