LESSON 10
Science, Technology &
NATION BUILDING
GEC 17: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
Brief Historical Background of Science and
Technology in the Philippines
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Spaniards brought World War II brought
Science in pre- Americans have severe destruction to
their culture in the more influence in New republic
Spanish Philippines and the country. The
the development Philippines had a focused on
Philippines is started formal in S&T than the
education and hard time rebuilding using resources
embedded in Spaniards. They itself from the ruins
science in the did everything to for S&T
the way of life country. of war.
of the people. “Americanize” the development.
country.
Colonized by Spain Japanese Occupation
Pre-Spanish Era American Invasion Liberation
DEVELOPMENT OF S&T IN THE PHILIPPINES
Foreign
colonizers
Survival Trades with
Culture foreign
Economic countries
Activities International
economic
demands
INTERNAL INFLUENCES EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Source: Science, Technology and Society (Serafica, Pawilen, Caslib & Alata)
National Goals
SCIENCE AND
Development of International Treaty
TECHNOLOGY
Science and Policies
Technology Programs
Policies in the Legal Frameworks Projects
Philippines
Social Needs, Issues, and
Problems
Source: Science, Technology and Society (Serafica, Pawilen, Caslib & Alata)
Government Policies on Science and Technology
In response to the ASEAN 2015 Agenda, the government (DOST) has sought the expertise of the
National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) to recommend policies and improve
competitiveness of the Philippines in the region. NRCP clustered these policies into four:
Physics, Engineering
Social Sciences,
and Industrial Medical, Chemical and
Humanities, Education, Biological Sciences,
Research, Earth and Pharmaceutical
International Policies Agriculture and Forestry
Space Sciences, and Sciences
and Governance
Mathematics
Government Policies on Science and Technology
To strengthen the S&T capability of the country, there are many programs implemented by DOST:
Providing Establishing more
Providing funds scholarships for branches of the
for basic research undergraduate and Philippine Science
High School System
and patents graduate studies
for training young
related to S&T. of students in the Filipinos in the field of
field of S&T. S&T.
Establishment of National Balik Scientist
Creating S&T
Science Complex and Program to
National Engineering parks to encourage encourage Filipino
Complex in UPD to academe and scientists abroad to
develop more S&T and industry
engineering manpower.
come home and work
partnerships. in the Philippines.
FAMOUS FILIPINOS
in the Field of Science
RAMON CABANOS JOSE BEJAR CRUS JR.
BARBA
- For his outstanding research - Known internationally in the
on tissue culture in Philippine field of electrical engineering;
mangoes was elected as officer of the
famous Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineering
JOSEFINO CASAS LOURDES JANSUY
COMISO CRUZ
- For his works on observing the - Notable for her research on
characteristics of Antarctica by sea snail venom
using satellite images
FAMOUS FILIPINOS
in the Field of Science
FABIAN MILLAR ENRIQUE MAPUA
DAYRIT OSTREA JR.
- For his research on herbal - For inventing the meconium
medicines drugs testing
RAFAEL DINEROS LILIAN FORMALEJO
GUERRERO III PATENA
- For his research on tilapia - For doing research on plant
culture biotechnology
FAMOUS FILIPINOS
in the Field of Science
MARI-JO PANGANIBAN GREGORY LIGOT
RUIZ TANGONAN
- For being an outstanding - For his research in the field of
educator and graph theorist communications technology
“
There are many other Filipino scientists not in this list yet the
Philippines still needs more engineers and scientists to support the
scientific research in the country.
Q:
What is the greatest indicator of
S&T implementation in the
country?
,
MODERNIZATION
innovation
culture ► Salamander
amphibious trike by
Atoy Llave
► Filipina scientist Aisa Mijeno and
the Sustainable Alternative
Lighting (SALt) lamp
► DOST Hybrid
► Diwata 1, a Philippine microsatellite Electric Train
INNOVATION can only happen with enough scientists and technologists.
2021
world
competitiveness
The IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook
(WCY), first published in 1989, is a
comprehensive annual report and worldwide
reference point on the competitiveness of
countries. It provides benchmarking and trends,
as well as statistics and survey data based on
extensive research. It analyzes and ranks
countries according to how they manage
their competencies to achieve long-term
value creation.
Source: [Link]
2021
PHL
competitiveness
Source: [Link]
2021
PHL
competitiveness
Read PHL full report: [Link]
Source: [Link]
how do we compare?
PHILIPPINES (2021 – 52ND) SWITZERLAND (2021 – 1ST)
Source: [Link]
2021
global
innovation index
The Global Innovation Index (GII)
takes the pulse of the most recent
global innovation trends. It ranks the
innovation ecosystem performance of
economies around the globe each
year while highlighting innovation
strengths and weaknesses and
particular gaps in innovation metrics.
► An innovation is the implementation of a new or
significantly improved product (good or service), a
new process, a new marketing method, or a new
organizational method in business practices,
workplace organization, or external relations.
- Oslo Manual
Source: [Link]
2021
global
innovation index
The Global Innovation Index (GII)
takes the pulse of the most recent
global innovation trends. It ranks the
innovation ecosystem performance of
economies around the globe each
year while highlighting innovation
strengths and weaknesses and
particular gaps in innovation metrics.
► An innovation is the implementation of a new or
significantly improved product (good or service), a
new process, a new marketing method, or a new
organizational method in business practices,
workplace organization, or external relations.
- Oslo Manual Source: [Link]
Source: [Link]
2021
PHL
digital competitiveness
ranking
CHALLENGES IN 2021
Ensuring inclusive economic recovery and
quickly reviving business and consumer
confidence.
Effectively controlling the COVID-19 epidemic
and implementing full vaccination rollout.
Building resilient social infrastructure especially
in health and education.
Sustaining increased investments in physical
and digital infrastructure.
Maintaining fiscal health while adequately
providing stimulus and support especially for
vulnerable sectors.
Provided by:
Asian Institute of Management, Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for
Competitiveness
Source: [Link]
2017-2022 Philippine Development Plan
Niche Centers in the Regions for
Grants-in-Aid (since 2015)- R&D (Nicer) Program - implemented
provided Php 8.5B for to capacitate higher education
Research & Development institutions to make significant
and other related activities. improvement in regional research
Collaborative Research and Development to
Leverage Philippine Economy (Cradle) - aims
Science for Change Program to improve innovation in the country by creating
(S4CP) - created to accelerate STI the structures that facilitates the smooth
in the country to keep up with transition of new knowledge and technologies
development. from academe to industries for practical use
and application.
Lack of
public
awareness
Weakness in Low
social and government
professional spending in
culture STI
Factors behind PROBLEM
WEAK SCIENCE,
TECHNOLOGY & Manpower Ecosystem
INNOVATION Patents
S&T impacts all aspects of our lives
S&T is a driving force for the economic growth
of every nation
Scientists and technologists as creators of new
knowledge must focus their work on nationally
and globally important and competitive areas of
research.
S&T
nation
Technological revolutions of the 21st century are
emerging from entirely new sectors, based on
microprocessors, telecommunications,
biotechnology and nanotechnology
building Through breakthroughs in health services and
education, these technologies have the power to
improve the lives of the poor people in developing
countries
LESSON 10
Science, Technology &
NATION BUILDING
GEC 17: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY