EXPONENTS RDS CL 7

Page 6.3 Simplify

Ex 3 (i) 2 x 103
Sol 1. 2 x 1000 = 2000
Sol 2. 2 x 23 x 53 = 24 x 53 =16 x 125 = 2000

Ex 3 (ii) 72 x 22
Sol 1. 49 x 4 = 196
Sol 2. 142 = 196

Page 6.4 Simplify

Ex 4 (i) 52 x 33
Sol 1. 25 x 27 = 675
Sol 2. 52 x 32 x 3 = 152 x 3 = 225 x 3 = 675

Ex 4 (ii) 24 x 32
Sol 1. 16 x 9 = 144
Sol 2. 22 x 22 x 32 = 122 = 144
Sol 3. 22 x 22 x 32 = 62 x 22 = 36 x 4 = 144

Ex 4 (ii) 53 x 24
Sol 1. 125 x 16 = 2000
Sol 2. 53 x 23 x 2 = 103 x 2 = 1000 x 2 = 2000

Page 6.5 Identify greater number

Ex 8 (i) 28 or 82
Sol 1. 28 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 =256
82 = 8 x 8 = 64
So, 28 > 82
Sol 2. 82 = (23)2 =26 (We will use this
method when bases
28 = =28 of both numbers can be made
equal)
So, 28 > 82

Ex 8 (ii). 210 or 102

Sol 1. 210 = 1024 (Here since bases
cannot be made
102 = 100 equal will use simple method)
So, 210 > 102

Page 6.6 Solve

Ex 9 (i) ( ) ( )
3 2
−2 −4
x
3 5

Sol 1. x = x
(−1 )3 x 23 (−1 )2 x 4 2 −1 x 8 1 x 16
33 52 27 25

= x = =
−8 16 −8 x 16 −128
7 25 27 x 25 675

Sol 2. = x =
−8 16 −128
7 25 675

Sol 3. () x ()
3 2
3 2 2 4
{ (−1 ) x } { (−1 ) x }
3 5

= (−1 x 278 ) x (1 x 1625 ) = x =

−8 16 −128
7 25 675
 (In this question we see numerators and
denominators are not cutting each other so we
expand 22, 33,42and 52 as 8, 27, 16 and 25
respectively)

Page 6.7 Solve

Ex 10 (i) () ( ) ( )
3 3 2
1 −3 −4
x x
2 5 9

Sol 1. = =
3 2 2 3 3 2 4
13 (−1 ) x 3 (−1 ) x 4 1 −1 x 3 1 x 2
x x 3
x 3
x 4
23 53 92 2 5 3

= = =
3 4
1 x (−1 ) x 3 x 1 x 2 −2 −2
3
23 x 53 x 3 4 5 x3 375

(Here we see that numerator cuts denominator so

we will not expand)

Page 6.11Express as product of PRIME FACTORS

Ex 19 (i) 16000
Sol 1. 16000 = 16 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 24 x 2 x 5 x 2 x 5 x
2 x 5 = 27 x 53
Sol 2. 16000 = 16 x 103 = 24 x 23 x 53 = 27 x 53
Sol 3. = 27 x 53 1600
2 0
2 8000
2 4000
2 2000
2 1000
2 500
2 250
5 125
5 25
5 5
1

Page 6.13Express the following in power notations

Exer 6.1 (i)
−64
125

Sol 1. Since the numerator has (-) sign we need such a

number whose odd power gives 64.
644 = 26 = (22)3 = 43 2 64
2 32
So, (-4)3 = -64 and also 53 = 125 2 16
2 8
So, ( ) 2 4
3 3
−64 −4 −4
= 3 =

2 2
125 5 5

Page 6.19 Using laws of exponents, simplify and write

answer in power notations.
Ex 1 (i) (72)3 ÷ 73

Sol 1. = 76-3 = 73
6
7
3
7

Sol 2. 76 x 7-3 = 76+ - 3 = 73

Page 6.22 Simplify

Ex 1 (i)
n n +1
3 +3
n+1 n
3 −3

Sol 1.
n 1 n
3n x 1+3n x 31 3 (1+3 ) 3 (4)
= = =2
3n x 31−3 n x 1 3n (3 1−1) 3 n (2)

Sol 2.
n 1
3n x 1+3n x 31 3 (1+3 ) (4)
= = =2
3n x 31−3 n x 1 3n (3 1−1) (2)

Practise 1 n+1 n Solve

n n−1
3 +3
3 −3

Page 6.24Solve
Ex 10 (i) 2n-5 x 5n-4 =5

Sol 3.
n n
2 5 n n 4 5
5
x 4 =5=¿ 2 x 5 =5 x 5 x 2
2 5
 n 5 5 n 5
¿>10 =2 x 5 =¿10 =10

=> n = 5

Sol 4. Multiply both sides by 2. This will make 2n-5 as

2n-4

2 x 2n-5 x 5n-4 = 2 x 5
2n-4 x 5n-4 = 10


10n-4 = 101



So, n-4 =1
n =5
Practise 2 2n-7 x 5n-1 = 1250 Solve
Practise 3 5n-2 x 32n-3 = 135 Solve
Page 6.26 Find value of n
Ex 11 (i) 25n-1 + 100 = 52n-1
Sol 3. 25n-1 + 100 = 52n-1
 52n-1 – 25n-1 = 102
- = 102
2n 2n
5 5
 1
5 25

 5
2n
x 5– 5
2n
x = 102
1 1
25

 52n ( 5 − 25 ¿ = 102
1 1

 52n x 25 = 102
4

 5 2n
=2 x5 x 2 2
2
5

 52n = 54
4

So, 2n =4
n =2
Page 6.28Simplify

Exer 6.2 (i) (★Here when we apply brackets in

n +1 n
16 x 2 −4 x 2

first step
n+ 2 n+2
16 x 2 −2 x 2

no difference because of
multiplication sign. But if this was (-)
or (+) than problem. See below)

Sol 1. = =
( 24 x 2n +1 )−(22 x 2n) n+5
2 −2
n+2

n +2 n +2 n+6 n+3
(2 ¿ ¿ 4 x 2 )−(2 x 2 )¿ 2 −2

= =
n 5 n 2 n 5 2
2 x 2 −2 x 2 2 (2 −2 )
n 6 n
2 x 2 −2 x 2
3
2n (26−23 )

= = =
32−4 28 1
64−8 56 2

Sol 2. = =
( 24 x 2n +1 )−(22 x 2n) n+5
2 −2
n+2

n +2 n +2 n+6 n+3
(2 ¿ ¿ 4 x 2 )−(2 x 2 )¿ 2 −2
 = = 2n+2 (2 4−22 )
n+ 2 3 n+2 n+2 3
2 x 2 −2 2 (2 −1)
n+2 4 n+ 2
2 x 2 −2 x 2

= =
7 1
14 2

24 + 23 – 25 + 22 ≠ (24 + 23) – (25 + 22) because if we

open brackets than we get 24 + 23 – 25 - 22 ≠ 24
+ 23 – 25 + 22

Page 6.29Find n

Exer 6.2 (ii)

3n x 9n x 32 −( 27 )n 1
3 5
=
(3 ) x 2 3 27

Sol 1.
3 n
3 x 3 x 3 −( 3 )
n 2n 2
1
3 5
= 3
(3 ) x 2 3
3
3n 2 3n
3 x 3 −3 1
15 3
= 3
3 x2 3
3n
3 (9−1) 1
15 3
= 3
3 x2 3

------------------------------------(1)
3n 3
3 x2 1
= 3

33n-15 = 3-3
15 3
3 x2 3

So, 3n-15 = -3
n =4
Or,

Sol 2. ------------------------------------(1)
3n 3
3 x2 1
15 3
= 3
3 x2 3
 Taking reciprocal of both sides—

☆of L.H.S by changing sign pf power, ☆ of R.H.S by inverting

the fraction

So, 3-3n+15 = 33
-3n + 15 = 3
n =4

Practise Questions

Q1 Solve
n n−1
3 +3
n+1 n
3 −3

Q2 2n-7 x 5n-4 = 1250 Solve

Q3 5n-2 x 32n-3 = 135 Solve

Q4
n+ 47 n +48
16 x 2 −4 x 2
n+48 n+48
16 x 2 −2 x 2

Q5
n+1 n
10 x 5 +25 x 5
n+ 2 n+1
3 x 5 +10 x 5

Q6 By what number should we

(i) Multiply 3-9 to get 3
(ii) Multiply (-8)-1 to get 10-1
(iii) Divide (-15)-1 to obtain (-5)-1
(iv) Divide (-30)-1 to obtain 6-1
(v) Multiply 3-3 to obtain 4
(vi) Multiply (-5)1 to get (8)-1
(vii) Divide (-20)-1 to obtain (-10)-1
Q7 21998 – 21997 – 21996 + 21995 = K x 21995 Find K

Q8 2n-5 x 62n-4 =
1
4
12 x 2

Q9 How many times 30 must be added together to get sum

equal to 307
Q10 255 x 260 – 297 x 217
Q11 255 x 260 – 290 x 222
Q12 (-1)301 + (-1)302 +(-1)303 + ……………..+ (-1)400
Q13 If a = 22 than find a 22 +a 0
0 22

Q14 (252 – 152)3/2

Q15 ( 144 ) 2+ ( 256 )

1 1
2 2

3 −2

Q16 (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + ………….+ 99)3/2

Q17 a = 3-3 -33 b = 33 – 3-3 Find

a b
−
b a

Q18 (84 + 82)1/2

Q19
22 20
10 +1 0
20
10

Q20 4 + 2 x 7 – 6 – 8 ÷ 4
Q21 {(33)2 – (31)2 }5/7
Sol 1. Applying rule a2 – b2 = (a + b) (a – b)
{(33+31) (33-31)}5/7 = (64 x 2)5/7 = 1285/7

= (27)5/7 = 2 = 25
5
7x
7

Sol 2.
Q22
Q23

Q24

Q25

Q26

Q27

Q28
Q29
Q30 True/False

Q31

Q32

Q33 Express 154 X 104 in standard form

Q34 Find value of –(-4)4
Q35 Express each of the following in single exponential form:
(i) 24 x 42 (ii) (-3)3 x (-10)3 (iii) (-11)2 x (-2)2
Q36 Find values of

Q37

Q38