Assignment 1

1. For each of the following 3 X 3 matrices A, determine whether A is invertible and find the
inverse, if exists, by computing the augmented matrix [A|I], where I is the 3 X 3 identity matrix.
1 3 −2 1 0 2 0
(a) 𝐴 = [2 3 0 ] (b) 𝐴 = [ 1 −1 1 0]
0 −1 3 0
0 1 −1 0 0 0 1
2. Reduce the following matrices to normal form and hence, find their rank.
1 2 −1 3
1 −1 3 6
(a) 𝐴 = [1 3 −3 4 ] (b) 𝐴 = [ 4 1 2 1 ]
3 −1 1 2
5 3 3 11
1 2 0 1
3. Reduce the following matrices to Row Echelon form and hence, find their rank.
1 2 3 −1
1 2 0 5
(a) 𝐴 = [ −2 −1 −3 −1 ] (b) 𝐴 = [ 2 3 1 4]
1 0 1 1
−1 −1 −1 1
0 1 1 −1
4. For which choice(s) of the constant k is the following matrix invertible?
1 1 1
𝐴 = [1 2 𝑘]
1 4 𝑘2
1 2 3 −2
5. For 𝐴 = [2 − 2 1 3 ], find non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in the
3 0 4 1
normal form.
2 −2 3
6. For 𝐴 = [3 −1 2 ], find non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in the normal
1 2 −1
form. Also find 𝐴−1 , if it exists.
7. Consider the following system of linear equations
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = −1
3𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 𝑧 = −2
(a) Find the coefficient matrix A for this system.
(b) Find the inverse matrix of the coefficient matrix found in (a) using Gauss Jordan Method.
(c) Solve the system using the inverse matrix, 𝐴−1 .
8. Consider the matrix
1 2 1
𝐴 = [ 2 5 4]
1 1 0
(a) Using Gauss Jordan to determine 𝐴−1 .
1 2 1
(b) Are the vectors 𝒙𝟏 = [2] , 𝒙𝟐 = [5], and 𝒙𝟑 = [4] linearly independent?
1 1 0
1
(c) Write the vector 𝒃 = [1] as a linear combination of 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒙𝟐 and 𝒙𝟑 .
1
9. Let A be the coefficient matrix of the system of linear equations
−𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 1
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −1
(a) Solve the system by finding the 𝐴−1
 𝑥
(b) Let X = [𝑦] be the solution of the system obtained in part (a). Calculate and simplify
𝐴2017 𝑿.
10. For what value(s) of ‘a’ does the system have non trivial solutions?
𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0
−𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0
3𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 𝑎𝑧 = 0
11. Suppose that the following matrix A is the augmented matrix for a system of linear equations.
1 2 3 4
𝐴 = ( 2 −1 −2 |𝑎2 )
−1 −7 −11 𝑎
where ‘a’ is a real number. Determine all the values of ‘a’ so that the corresponding system
is consistent.
12. Determine whether the following set of vectors is linearly independent or linearly dependent.
If the set is linearly dependent, express one vector in the set as a linear combination of the
others.
1 1 −1 −2
0 2 −2 −2
𝒙𝟏 = [ ], 𝒙𝟐 = [ ] , 𝒙𝟑 = [ ] and 𝒙𝟒 = [ ]
−1 3 0 7
0 4 1 11
13. Find the value(s) of h for which the following set of vectors are linearly independent.
1 ℎ 1
{𝒙𝟏 = [0] , 𝒙𝟐 = [ 1 ] , 𝒙𝟑 = [ 2ℎ ]}
0 −ℎ 3ℎ + 1
14. Determine conditions on the scalars a, b so that the following set of vectors is linearly
dependent.
1 1 0
{𝒙𝟏 = [3] , 𝒙𝟐 = [𝑎] , 𝒙𝟑 = [2]}
1 4 𝑏
15. Find all eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors for the matrix A if
2 −3 0
𝐴 = [2 −5 0]
0 0 3

3 −12 4
16. Let 𝐴 = [−1 0 −2]. Then find all eigenvalues of 𝐴5 . If A is invertible then find all the
−1 5 −1
eigenvalues of 𝐴−1 .
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
17. Consider the 2 X 2 matrix [ ] where x is a real number 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
(a) Find the characteristic polynomial of the matrix A.
(b) Find the eigenvalues of the matrix A.
(c) Determine the eigenvectors corresponding to each of the eigenvalues of A.
18. Find the inverse of the following matrices using the Cayley Hamilton Theorem.
1 1 2 7 2 −2
(a) 𝐴 = [9 2 0] (b) 𝐴 = [−6 −1 2 ]
5 0 3 6 2 −1
1 0 2
19. Let 𝑇 = [0 1 1]. Calculate and simplify the expression −𝑇 3 + 4𝑇 2 + 5𝑇 − 2𝐼 where 𝐼 is
0 0 2
the 3 X 3 identity matrix.