G3 lage mudrttoringy Pvecert ack of LeaPleyt % coclcted pipe | 593: roy y 23 Woy, Qa) Teptern volee? pipiig Eraines. in derigh, Pabviakn L_exadtion Y cormnamiowiy ofa chersed plant: | | = Spite OS ALC @-5) Leplean Vert Be dren, 2tdec, 14 Jer, a4 oy 24 omroyDUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITY OF PIPING ENGINEER. + Piping engineer is responsible for accurate design + Piping design must satisfy the P&ID & specification constraints. t | * Standardization of engineering design method. ~y *To achieve adequate design at an economic cost. * To co-ordinate with other departments. * Co-ordination with the site. Piping Design Engineer or Layout Engineer Piping Design Engineer/layout Engineers deal with pipe routing with the help of vatious 3D tools & software. 4,Role and Responsibilities of a Piping Design Engineer: 1. What Does a Piping Design Engineer Do? A piping design engineer is responsible for creating and developing the layout and design of piping systems used to transport fluids, gases, or other materials in industrial facilities. These systems are essential in sectors like oil & gas, power generation, chemical processing, and manufacturing. 2. Core Responsibilities: [Link] and Design: Piping design engineers develop detailed layouts for piping systems, considering factors such as pipe size, flow rate, pressure, and material compatibility. They create 2D and 3D models using specialized design software like ‘AutoCAD, PDMS, or Smart Plant. 3. Coordination with Other Disciplines: Collaboration with other engineering disciplines, such as mechanical, civil, and electrical engineering, is crucial to ensure the piping design integrates seamlessly with the overall project. This includes coordinating with structural engineers to ensure support for the piping system and with process engineers to Understand the requirements of the fluids being transported. 4. Compliance with Codes and Standards: Piping design engineers must ensure that all designs comply with industry standards and codes, such as ASME B31.3, API standards, and local regulations. This ensures the safety, reliability, and efficiency of the piping systems. 5. Stress Analysis and Material Selection: They also conduct stress analysis to ensure that the piping can withstand operational loads, thermal expansion, and other forces. Material selection is another critical aspect, where the engineer chooses appropriate materials based on the fluid type, temperature, pressure, and environmental conditions. ‘Piping engineering isa crucial pat of every process plant. Its a specialized field in ‘mechanical engineering dealing with piping and layout of equipment in various petrochemical, chemical, and hydrocarbon facilities. + As apiping engineer, you will be responsible for accomplishing many tasks in thei respective departments. ‘+ What Does Piping Engineering Do? ‘+ As mentioned earlier, being a piping engineer comes with a lot of tasks, the primary responsibilities being to create the layout of overall plant facilities, place equipment and ‘process unit inthe plot, and ensure the connected piping design is as per the applicable regulations and standards for the safe operation ofthe design life. Some of the essential ‘design competencies in piping engineering areas follows: Plant Setup and Layout [Equipment Layout Piping placement and Layout Piping Materials Supports Piping Stress Analysis CAD ot 3D Modeling+ Piping engineering is a crucial part of every process plant. It is a specialized field in mechanical engineering dealing with piping and layout of equipment in various petrochemical, chemical, and hydrocarbon facilities. As a piping engineer, you will be responsible for accomplishing many tasks in their respective departments. What Does Piping Engineering Do? As mentioned earlier, being a piping engineer comes with a lot of tasks, the primary responsibilities being to create the layout of overall plant facilities, place equipment and process unit in the plot, and ensure the connected piping design is as per the applicable regulations and standards for the safe operation of the design life. Some of the essential design competencies in piping engineering are as follows: Plant Setup and Layout Equipment Layout Piping placement and Layout Piping Materials Piping Supports Piping Stress Analysis CAD or 3D Modeling Piping engineers skills « Piping engineering involves mainly technical jobs and to become an efficient piping engineer, you need to possess specific skills. Let us now look into the skills required for piping engineers: + Observation Skills - Effective Analysis Skills « Project Management Skills - Drafting Skills y% « Communication Skills Both Verbal and Written 2CLASSIFICATION OF PIPES ( ON BASIS OF) NTMI OMEN} NWO eat Ned Peres PEN Lane One OM METHOD ON THE BASIS OF MATERIAL Engineering mater EEE is eS) Based on Application ose ais STRUCTURAL aa + [High strength carbon steel pipes for transporting crude oil , natural gas , or water. Itisa pipeline which carries only one type of fuel. diameter size ranging from 2 inches to 48 inches, Used for high-pressure applications like water and sewage ‘Types include Cast Iron, Diactile Iron, Steel, and Concrete Pipes Based on Pressure Rating = Low-Pressure Pipes: For non-critical applications like drainage. Medium-Pressure Pipes: Used in industries for moderate pressure fluids. > iigh-Pressure Pipes: For high-pressure systems in oil, gas, and chemical industries.Based on Size Small-Diameter Pipes: For household and small-scale applications. Large-Diameter Pipes: Used in water mains and industrial pipelines. Based on Lining/Coating Lined Pipes: Pipes with internal linings like rubber or PTFE for corrosion resistance. Coated Pipes: External coatings like epoxy or polyethylene for protection.Electric Resistance Welding (ERW) + Other welding technique for pipe fabrication is fusion weld (FW) sometimes called “continuous weld” or spiral weld (SW) pipe. ‘The basic difference between ERW and FW is: —No material is added during welding process in ERW. ~ Filler material is added during welding process in FW. ~ Large diameter pipe (about 10” or greater) may be ERW, or Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) pipe. Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) + Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) is an arc welding process where an arc is established between one or more continuous bare-solid or cored-metal electrodes and the work. + The welding arc or arcs and molten puddle are shielded by a blanket of granular, fusible material. * Filler metal is obtained from the electrodes, and on occasion, from a supplementary welding wire. B_@— <5, So apne, fovremeimencen etry Rowneagenny Sg from serers twine Qe Sogn cane, sme re ro re ssa emi » Sieg, (eevee tate ee es enetinte cidhbaiaamanie === = a pores‘Seamless (SMLS) ~ Seamless (SMLS) pipe is manufactured by piercing a billet followed by rolling or drawing, or both to the desired len therefore, a seamless pipe does not have a welded joint in its cross- section, — Seamless pipe is finished to dimensional and wall thickness specifications in sizes from 1/8 inch to 26 inch OD. Seamless pipe is produced in single and double random lengths. Single random lengths vary from 16'-0" to 20-0" long. Pipes that are 2” and below are found in double random lengths measuring 35'-0" to 40'-0" long. ~ Seamless pipe is generally more expensive to manufacture but, provides higher pressure ratings. Generally, wider wall thicknesses are produced by the seamless method. + Seamless pipe is usually preferred over seam welded pipe for reliability and safety. Seamless pipes cannot be substituted for others. + Only ERW and SAW pipes can be substituted. Seam welded pipe should not be specified for installation in which it will be operating in the material's creep range [700*F (370°C) for carborvlow alloy steels and from 800°F (430°C) for high alloy and stainless steels). + However, for the many low pressure uses of pipe, the cantinuianie waldad mathad is the mast acnnamicalRole of Piping Engineer ina Chemical Plant 1. Design Stage Responsible for planning and designing the piping system. Oty Ye UM UCL Lie) Diagrams (P&ID) * Develop pipe routing/layouts for safe and economical arrangement * Select pipe size, material, thickness, and fittings ° Perform pressure drop and stress analysis * Ensure compliance with codes and standards (ASME, ANSI, API, etc.) * Coordinate with process, mechanical, civil, Ele M Seale 1t Ce) pm Ctl Settee NY Jings and material specificationsVite esi cls |-) Ensures piping components are manufactured correctly. ¢ Review fabrication drawings and spool drawings * Supervise pipe cutting, welding, bending, and fit-up * Ensure correct material usage as per specifications * Monitor welding procedures and quality ie Talek- leeks) * Coordinate non-destructive testing (NDT) of welds ¢ Verify dimensional accuracy of fabricated spools3. Erection / Installation Stage Oversees installation of piping at site. * Supervise pipe erection according to telecine fs) ¢ Ensure proper alignment and support installation * Check nozzle orientation and equipment connections * Coordinate with construction team for sequencing * Resolve site clashes/interferences * Ensure adherence to safety practices during installation4. Testing and Commissioning Stage Verifies piping system readiness before startup. * Conduct/monitor hydrostatic and pneumatic testing * Check flushing, cleaning, and leak testing of pipelines * Verify valves, instruments, and supports are correctly installed * Ensure punch points are closed before startup * Assist in troubleshooting during trial runs * Support plant startup and handover documentationConcept of high point vent and low point drai In piping systems, high point vents and low point drains are critical components used for managing fluids, gases, and ensuring operational efficiency. They are integral to maintaining the safety, functionality, and integrity ofthe system. High Point Vent (HPV) Definition AA high point vent is a valve or fitting installed atthe highest point ina piping system to allow the release of trapped air or gases. Purpose + Air Removal: Trapped air or gases in a pipeline can form air pockets, leading to reduced flow efficiency and potential pressure surges (water hammer). + Startup and Commissioning: During system filling, air must be vented to ensure the pipeline is fully charged with fluid. + System Maintenance: Vents facilitate periodic removal of geses to prevent blockages es Applications + Hydronic Systems: Removal of air from water systems in heating or cooling circuits + Chemical and Process Piping: Ensures gas pockets do not hinder fluid flow or chemical reactions. + Steam Systems: Prevents air entrapment that can reduce heat transfer efficiency. Placement High point vents are located at ‘+The highest elevation in the piping network. + Points where gases are likely to accumulate (e.g., near vertical rises), ‘Types of Vents +” Manual Vents: Operated manually to release trapped air. + Automatic Vents: Self-operating, designed to expel air automatically as it accumulates. Low Point Drain (LPD) Definition A low point drain is a valve or fitting installed at the lowest point in a piping system to allow the removal of liquid, sediment, or debris. Purpose + Liquid Removal: Ensures complete drainage of liquids, especially during ‘maintenance or shutdown, + Sediment Removal: Prevents sediment buildup that can cause blockages or + Prevent Freezing: Draining water from pipes in cold climates avoids freezing and damage, + Hydrostatic Testing: Used to drain water post-testing to prevent corrosion. Applications + Process Piping: Draining liquids after processing or cleaning cycles. + Oiland Gas Pipelines: Removal of water and condensates to maintain flow efficienoy. + Utility Piping: Drains in HVAC systems, water supply networks, and fire protection systems. Placement Low point drains are located at: + The lowest elevation in the piping network. + Locations where liquids are likely to collect (¢.9., bends or depressions in the pipe). Types of Drains + Manual Drains: Operated manually to discharge collected liquid + Automatic Drains: Activated by pressure or liquid levels to self-drain.Advantages High Point Vent ¢ Prevents air-lock conditions. * Enhances system efficiency by maintaining uninterrupted fluid flow. Low Point Drain * Reduces risk of corrosion by removing stagnant water. * Ensures proper maintenance and prolongs pipeline lifespan. Challenges * Improper Placement: Ineffective venting or drainage due to incorrect positioning. ¢ Valve Failure: Manual or automatic vents and drains can fail, leading to leaks or blockages. * Corrosion or Fouling: Continuous exposure to fluid or sediment may degrade components.