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mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK (imvqb)
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wefvMxq cÖavb, imvqb wefvM
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 imvqb 1g cÎ
†Kvm© †KvW t HSC-1872
GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg

cÖKvk Kvj t Ryb, 2016

cybgy`ªY t GwcÖj, 2017

© evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

ISBN 978-984-34-3165-3

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KvRx mvBdzÏxb AveŸvm

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Aÿi web¨vm I †cBR †j-AvDU

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 †Kvm© cwiwPwZ (Course Overview)
†Kv‡m©i bvg : imvqb 1g cÎ (Chemistry 1st Paper)
†Kvm© †KvW : GBPGmwm 1872 (HSC-1872)

RvZxq Rxe‡bi Dbœq‡b I MwZkxj RvwZ MV‡b wkÿvi weKí †bB| mywkwÿZ Rbkw³ Qvov `ªæZ cwieZ©bkxj we‡k¦i
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AMÖMwZ g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| GRb¨ cv‡Vi †k‡l cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb Ges BDwb‡Ui †k‡l P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb i‡q‡Q|
wkÿv_x©iv hv‡Z GB eB c‡o AwaKZi mydj jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib †mRb¨ wb‡P wKQy wb‡`©kbv Zz‡j aiv nj t

 BDwb‡Ui wk‡ivbvg I f‚wgKv c‡o m¤¢ve¨ welqe¯‘ Kx n‡Z cv‡i †m m¤ú‡K© aviYv Kiæb|
 cÖ_g cv‡Vi me¸‡jv ÔD‡Ïk¨Õ c‡o GB cvV †_‡K Kx Kx wkL‡Z cvi‡eb Zv †R‡b wbb|
 Gici BDwb‡Ui welqe¯‘ fvjfv‡e Aa¨vqb Kiæb| welqe¯‘ Aa¨q‡bi ci wkLbdj¸‡jv AwR©Z n‡jv wK bv
Zv fvjfv‡e hvPvB Kiæb| hw` wkLbdj AwR©Z bv nq Zvn‡j welqe¯‘ cybivq Aa¨qb Kiæb| †Kv_vI wPÎ
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Avcbvi †bvU LvZvq wjwce× Kiæb Ges KwVb welq¸‡jv mgvav‡bi Rb¨ welqe¯‘ cybivq Aa¨qb Kiæb|
 cÖwZwU BDwb‡Ui welq¸‡jv fvjfv‡e ‡evSvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU BDwb‡Ui cÖwZwU cv‡V wkÿv_x©‡`i Rb¨ wkÿv_x©i KvR
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 cvV‡k‡l cv‡VvËi g~j¨vq‡bi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi †`qvi †Póv Kiæb| BDwb‡Ui †k‡l †`qv DËigvjvi mv‡_ Avcbvi
DËi wgwj‡q †`Lyb| me¸‡jv cÖ‡kœi DËi mwVK bv n‡j GB cvVwU AveviI fvj K‡i coyb Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi
mwVK DËi w`‡Z †Póv Kiæb| Gici P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb As‡ki m„Rbkxj cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi Rvbv Av‡Q wKbv †`Lyb|
Rvbv bv _vK‡j mswkøó Ask AveviI coyb|

wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬vm m¤úwK©Z civgk©

 I‡cb ¯‹z‡ji GB eBwU QvovI ¯’vbxq ÷vwW †m›Uv‡i Avcbvi Rb¨ cÖwZ gv‡m wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬v‡mi e¨e¯’v
i‡q‡Q| Avcwb cÖ_‡gB Avcbvi GB imvqb wel‡q KZwU wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬vm cv‡eb Zv Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uvi
†_‡K †R‡b wbb Ges Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii cÖwZwU wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬v‡m Ask MÖnY Kiæb|
 wUD‡Uvwiqvj mvwf©m‡K Kvh©‡cv‡hvMx Ki‡Z Avcbvi cvV¨cy¯ÍKwUi mKj BDwbU‡K wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬v‡mi mg
msL¨K As‡k fvM K‡i wbb| cÖ_g wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬v‡m hvIqvi Av‡M Avcbvi fvMK…Z cÖ_g AskwU fvjfv‡e
Aa¨vqb Kiæb| Aa¨q‡bi mgq †h welq¸‡jv A‡cÿvK…Z KwVb/`y‡e©va¨ g‡b n‡q‡Q Zv wPwýZ Kiæb cÖ‡qvR‡b
Avcbvi †bvU LvZvq wjwce× Kiæb| wUD‡Uvwiqvj K¬v‡m Avcbvi wPwýZ KwVb/`y‡e©va¨ welq¸‡jv mgvav‡b
wUDU‡ii (wkÿ‡Ki) mnvqZv wbb|

GKB c×wZ AbymiY K‡i BDwb‡Ui me¸‡jv cvV Aa¨qb †kl Kiæb|
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BDwbU 1 cvigvYweK MVb .......................................................................................................... 1-44

cvV-1.1 : cigvYyi MVb ................................................................................................... 2
cvV-1.2 : AvB‡mv‡Uvc I †gŠ‡ji †ZRw¯ŒqZv ........................................................................ 6
cvV-1.3 : ivWvi‡dvW© I †evi g‡Wj ................................................................................. 10
cvV-1.4 : Zwor Pz¤^Kxq eYv©wj ........................................................................................ 15
cvV-1.5 : nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eYv©jx .......................................................................................... 18
cvV-1.6 : †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v ............................................................................................. 24
cvV-1.7 : AiweU I AiweUvj ........................................................................................ 30
cvV-1.8 : cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨vm ................................................................................. 34
cvV-1.9 : UV I IR iwk¥i e¨envi Ges MRI cixÿv ......................................................... 39
BDwbU 2 chv©q mviwY I †gŠ‡ji chv©e„Ë ag© ..................................................................................45-92
cvV-2.1 : chv©q mviwY .................................................................................................. 46
cvV-2.2 : B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi wfwˇZ †gŠ‡ji †kÖwYwefvM ...................................................... 51
cvV-2.3 : s I p eøK †gŠ‡ji mvaviY agv©ewj ...................................................................... 54
cvV-2.4 : wbw®Œq M¨vm ................................................................................................... 64
cvV-2.5 : d I f eøK †gŠ‡ji mvaviY agv©ewj ..................................................................... 68
cvV-2.6 : chv©qe„Ë ag©: cigvYyi AvKvi, †hvR¨Zv, avZe ag© I AavZe ag© ............................... 74
cvV-2.7 : chv©qe„Ë ag©: AvqwbKiY kw³ .......................................................................... 78
cvV-2.8 : chv©qe„Ë ag©: B‡jKUªb Avmw³ .......................................................................... 81
cvV-2.9 : chv©qe„Ë ag©: Zwor FYvZœKZv .......................................................................... 84
cvV-2.10 : †gŠ‡ji A·vB‡Wi ag© .................................................................................... 87
BDwbU 3 ivmvqwbK eÜb .......................................................................................................93-138
cvV-3.1 : ivmvqwbK eÜb .............................................................................................. 94
cvV-3.2 : mg‡hvRx eÜb I Gi †kÖwYwefvM ........................................................................ 99
cvV-3.3 : AiweUvjmg~‡ni msKiY ................................................................................ 105
cvV-3.4 : B‡jKUª‡bi wW‡jvKvjvB‡Rkb.......................................................................... 110
cvV-3.5 : msKi AiweUv‡ji mv‡_ mg‡hvRx †hŠ‡Mi AvK…wZi m¤úK© ....................................... 113
cvV-3.6 : AYyi AvK…wZ I eÜb †Kv‡Yi Dci gy³ †Rvo B‡jKUª‡bi cÖfve ................................ 117
cvV-3.7 : mwbœ‡ek mg‡hvRx eÜb ................................................................................. 120
cvV-3.8 : †cvjvwiwU I †cvjvivqb ................................................................................ 124
cvV-3.9 : AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y ej ............................................................................... 129
cvV-3.10 : A‰Re †hŠ‡Mi bvgKiY ................................................................................. 133
BDwbU 4 c`v‡_©i Ae¯’v ...................................................................................................... 139-184
cvV-4.1 : c`v‡_©i wewfbœ Ae¯’v ..................................................................................... 140
cvV-4.2 : e‡q‡ji m~Î ................................................................................................ 145
cvV-4.3 : Pvj©‡mi m~Î .............................................................................................. 148
cvV-4.4 : †M-jym¨v‡Ki m~Î I A¨v‡fv‡MÖ‡Wvi m~Î .............................................................. 153
 cvV-4.5 : Av`k© M¨vm ................................................................................................. 158
cvV-4.6 : ev¯Íe M¨vm ................................................................................................. 163
cvV-4.7 : Wvë‡bi AvswkK Pvcm~Î .............................................................................. 167
cvV-4.8 : e¨vcb I Abye¨vcb ...................................................................................... 171
cvV-4.9 : evqygÛj I M¨vm m~‡Îi cÖ‡qvM ......................................................................... 177
BDwbU 5 ivmvqwbK cwieZ©b ................................................................................................ 185-218
cvV-5.1 : ivmvqwbK wewµqv ........................................................................................ 186
cvV-5.2 : ivmvqwbK wewµqvi MwZ ................................................................................. 191
cvV-5.3 : wewµqvi nv‡ii Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix wbqvgKmg~n ............................................... 194
cvV-5.4 : wewµqvi MwZ I cÖfveK ................................................................................. 198
cvV-5.5 : ivmvqwbK wewµqvi mvg¨ve¯’v ........................................................................... 202
cvV-5.6 : ivmvqwbK wewµqvq Zv‡ci cwieZ©b .................................................................. 207
cvV-5.7 : eÜb kw³ I wewµqv Zvc ............................................................................... 210
cvV-5.8 : cÖkgb Zvc ................................................................................................ 212
cvV-5.9 : Zvc ivmvqwbK m~Îvewj .................................................................................. 215
BDwbU 6 `ªeY I `ªve¨Zv ...................................................................................................... 219-262
cvV-6.1 : `ªeY I `ªe‡Yi cÖKvi‡f` ................................................................................ 218
cvV-6.2 : `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv I `ªve¨Zv .............................................................................. 224
cvV-6.3 : `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj I Aat‡ÿcb wewµqv ................................................................ 228
cvV-6.4 : †Kjvmb, cvZb I `ªveK wb®‹vkb ...................................................................... 232
cvV-6.5 : †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd .............................................................................................. 239
cvV-6.6 : cvwbi AvqwbK ¸Ydj I GwmW ÿv‡ii we‡qvRb aªæeK ........................................... 243
cvV-6.7 : GwmW ÿv‡ii mvg¨ve¯’v I je‡Yi Av`ª© we‡kølY ..................................................... 249
cvV-6.8 : A¤ø I evdvi `ªe‡Yi pH MYbv ........................................................................ 255
cvV-6.9 : pH Gi ¸iæZ¡ ............................................................................................. 259
BDwbU 7 Kg©gyLx imvqb ...................................................................................................... 263-312
cvV-7.1 : Lv`¨ wbivcËv I imvqb .................................................................................. 264
cvV-7.2 : wcÖRv‡f©wUfm I Gi Lv`¨ msiÿY †KŠkj ............................................................ 268
cvV-7.3 : †KŠUvRvZKiY (†`wk dj I mewRi †KŠUvRvZKiY) ............................................. 273
cvV-7.4 : †KŠUvRvZKiY (gvQ I gvsm †KŠUvRvZKiY) ...................................................... 279
cvV-7.5 : `ya I `ya †_‡K wewfbœ Lv`¨ `ªe¨ cÖ¯‘wZ Ges msiÿY ............................................. 283
cvV-7.6 : Uq‡jwUªR I cviwdDgvwi: †Mvjvc Rj, †nqvi A‡qj, †UjKg cvDWvi cÖ¯‘wZi c×wZ ..... 290
cvV-7.7 : Uq‡jwUªR I cviwdDgvwi: †¯œv, †Kvì wµg, wjcw÷K cÖ¯‘wZi c×wZ .......................... 294
cvV-7.8 : Uq‡jwUªR I cviwdDgvwi: AvdUvi‡mf, †g‡nw` cÖ¯‘wZi c×wZ ................................. 298
cvV-7.9 : Møvm wK¬bvi I Uq‡jU wK¬bvi ........................................................................... 302
cvV-7.10 : Lv`¨`ªe¨ msiÿ‡Y wf‡bMvi ............................................................................ 307
BDwbU 8 j¨ve‡iUwii wbivc` e¨envi .................................................................................... 313-338
cvV-8.1 : j¨ve‡iUwi e¨envi wewa: †cvlvK, wbivc` M¨vm, gv¯‹, I n¨vÛ Mvfm........................... 314
cvV-8.2 : j¨ve‡iUwi, hš¿cvwZ I MøvmmvgMÖx cwi®‹viK Ges e¨env‡ii wbivc` †KŠkj .................. 317
cvV-8.3 : e¨vjvÝ ..................................................................................................... 320
 cvV-8.4 : K‡qKwU Møvm mvgMÖx e¨env‡ii †ÿÎ, wewa I e¨env‡ii †KŠkj .................................. 324
cvV-8.5 : w¯úwiU j¨v¤ú e¨env‡ii †KŠkj ....................................................................... 326
cvV-8.6 : ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ msiÿY I e¨env‡ii mZ©KZv ........................................................ 329
cvV-8.7 : cwi‡e‡ki Dci j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z e¨eüZ ivmvqwbK `ª‡e¨i cÖfve I cwiwgZ e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡ 333
cvV-8.8 : j¨ve‡iUwi wbivcËv mvgMÖx I e¨envi wewa ........................................................... 336
BDwbU 9 e¨envwiK imvqb ................................................................................................. 339-354
cvV-9.1 : ivmvqwbK we‡kølY ....................................................................................... 340
cvV-9.2 : ‡gŠ‡ji `ªeYxq A·vB‡Wi A¤ø I ÿvi ag© wbiæcb ................................................. 342
cvV-9.3 : ÿviKxq g~j‡Ki wm³ cixÿv ........................................................................... 344
cvV-9.4 : A¤øxq g~j‡Ki wm³ cixÿv .............................................................................. 349
cvV-9.5 : †ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi mvnv‡h¨ wgkÖY †_‡K †hŠM c„_KxKiY ................................... 351
cvV-9.6 : evRv‡ii Lv`¨ jeY †_‡K weï× NaCl cÖ¯‘wZ ...................................................... 352
cvV-9.7 : cixÿvi gva¨‡g cvwbi WvB‡cv‡ji Dcw¯’wZ cÖgvY ................................................. 353
cvV-9.8 : K¨vjwiwgwZK c×wZ‡Z A·vwjK Gwm‡Wi `ªeY Zvc wbY©q ....................................... 354
bgybv cÖkœ ......................................................................................................................... 355-358

b¤^i e›Ub m„Rbkxj cÖkœc‡Îi mvaviY KvVv‡gv

c~Y©gvb- 100
ZË¡xq-75
(K) m„Rbkxj (KvVv‡gve×) cÖkœ- 40 b¤^i
†gvU 6wU cÖkœ _vK‡e| †h ‡Kv‡bv 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e| 410 = 40
G‡Z cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi ïiæ‡Z GKwU `„k¨Kí ev DÏxcK (Stem) _vK‡e hv n‡Z cv‡i GKwU mvaviY m~Pbv e³e¨, PvU©,
mgxKiY, wPÎ, MÖvd BZ¨vw`| `„k¨Kí ev DÏxc‡Ki †k‡l 4wU cÖkœ _vK‡e|
cÖkœ 4wUi b¤^i e›Ub n‡e wb¤œiæc:
K. Ávb ¯Íi- 1
L. Abyaveb ¯Íi- 2
M. cÖ‡qvM `ÿZv ¯Íi- 3
N. D”PZi `ÿZv ¯Íi- 4
cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi GB 4wU As‡ki †gvU b¤^i n‡e 10|

(L) eûwbe©vPbx cÖkœ- 35 b¤^i

†gvU 35wU cÖkœ _vK‡e| cÖwZwU cÖkœ 01 b¤^i| 3501 = 35

e¨envwiK - 25 b¤^i
`yBwU cixÿY- (10+7) = 17
†gŠwLK cixÿv- = 05 = 25
e¨envwiK LvZv- = 03

me©‡gvU = 100
gvwR©b AvBKb ( Margin Icons)
†Kvm©wU Aa¨vqb Kivi c~‡e© †Kvm©wU‡Z ch©vqµ‡g †h mg¯Í AvBKb/cÖZxK e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q †m m¤ú‡K© Avcbv‡K
cÖ_‡gB cwiwPZ n‡Z n‡e| G‡Z c~‡iv †Kvm© gwWDj Gi †KvbwU wkLbdj, †KvbwU welqe¯‘/g~jcvV, †KvbwU
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb, †KvbwU P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© mn‡RB AewnZ n‡Z cvi‡eb| wb‡¤œ e¨eüZ wewfbœ
AvBbKb ev cÖZxK¸‡jv †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|

†Kvm©e B Aby mi‡Yi †Kvm© /BDwbU mgvwßi wfwWI ev †`Lv

D‡Ïk¨ welqe¯‘/g~jcvV
wb‡`©kbv mgq

AwWI ev †kvbv kãv_©/g~L¨ kã mvims‡ÿc e¨envwiK wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb DËigvjv mvnvh¨/cÖ‡qvR‡b

†Kvm© mgvwßi mgq †Kvm©wU mgvwßi m‡e©v”P mgq 36 mßvn

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡cb ¯‹zj cwiPvwjZ GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖv‡gi wkÿv_x©eÜz‡`i Rb¨
imvqb 1g cÎ wel‡qi A‡bK¸‡jv AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg eZ©gv‡b wewUwf/esjv‡`k †eZvi KZ…©K
mßv‡ni wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q Avm‡Q| wkÿv_x©eÜziv, Avcbviv ÷vwW †m›Uvi
†_‡K †cÖvMÖvg wmwWDj msMÖn K‡i wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ †cÖvMÖvgwU †`L‡j DcK…Z
n‡eb e‡j Avkv KiwQ| Gmgq imvq‡bi welq¸‡jv ‡evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU mvg‡b wb‡q emyb
Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj †bvU Kivi Rb¨ KvMR, Kjg mv‡_ ivLyb| ‡Kvb welq eyS‡Z Amyweav
AwWI/wfwWI n‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcbvi wUDU‡ii mnvqZv wbb|
wkÿv_x©eÜziv, imvqb 1g cÎ wel‡qi e¨envwi‡Ki Rb¨ 25 b¤^i i‡q‡Q| b¤^i e›Ub
cvV¨m~Px/wm‡jev‡mi †k‡l m„Rbkxj cÖkœc‡Îi mvaviY KvVv‡gv As‡k †`Lyb| Avcbv‡`i
wm‡jevmf~³ e¨envwiK cixÿY¸‡jv Avcbv‡`i Rb¨ wbav©wiZ imvqb 1g cÎ eB‡qi wewfbœ
BDwb‡U Ges †k‡li BDwb‡U Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z
e¨envwiK cixÿY¸‡jv wUDU‡ii mnvqZvq fvjfv‡e iß Kiæb|

mvnvh¨ ev mnvqZvi Rb¨ civgk© wbbÑ W. gnv. Avwgiæj Bmjvg

Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii †Kvm© wUDU‡ii mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK (imvqb) I‡cb ¯‹zj
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq, MvRxcyi-1705.
A_ev,
cÖ‡qvR‡b B‡gBj: amirul202@[Link]