Follow : Applications on Newton's laws

"Motion of a body on a rough plane"

Multiple choice questions

Choose the correct answer from the given ones :
• ( 1 ) If a body of mass m is placed at the top of an inclined rough plane makes with
the horizontal an angle of measure 0 and the coefficient of kinetic friction between
the body and the plane is µk . If the body slides under action of its weight only
, then the acceleration = .. • • • • • • • • • • • • •
(a) g sin 0 (b) g cos 0
(c) g (µk sin 0 - cos 0) (d) g (sin 0 - µk cos 0)
( 2 ) A body of mass m is projected upon a rough plane inclined to the horizontal at an
angle of measure 0. If the body reaches to the maximum distance on the plane in t 1
then it returns to the projection point in t2 , then ...............

(d) the comparison deponds on the ratio between the friction force and the body weight
( 3 ) In the opposite figure :
A body of mass m is placed on a horizontal of rough plane
, the coefficient of friction between the body and the plane equals j
The body moves with uniform speed under action of force of magnitude F.
If a part of mass 10 kg. is separated from the body then to preserve the uniform
motion the force should be reduced by ............... [Link].
(a) 10 (b) 30
l
(c) 9 (d) 1°3
80
'
( 4 ) In the figure shown :
Two bodies of the same material of weights 20
and 30 newton are placed on a horizontal rough
plane. Two horizontal forces of magnitude 10
and 12 newton act on them respectively , the first body becomes about to move ,
while the other moves with uniform velocity , then the ratio between the coefficient
of static friction and the coefficient of kinetic friction is ...............
(a) 3: 2 (b) 4: 3 (c) 5: 4 (d) 6: 5
c, ( 5 ) A body of mass m is placed on a rough horizontal plane and the coefficient of kinetic
friction between the body and the plane is 0.2 , a horizontal force acting on it for
10 seconds and moved it in its direction , then the force was ceased and the body
stopped after covering a distance 50 m. on the plane after the force ceased , then the
ratio between the magnitude of the friction force generated during the motion and the
magnitude of the force acting on the body = ...............
(a) 7 : 12 (b) 5: 7 (c) 5: 12 (d) 12: 35
o ( 6 ) In the opposite figure :
A body of mass 80 kg. is placed on a rough plane inclined to the
horizontal at an angle sin- 1 � and the coefficient of kinetic friction
between them is } . Force of magnitude 100 [Link]. acts on the
body and acts in direction of line of the greatest slope upward
for 4 seconds then the force is ceased and the body comes to
instantaneous rest after t seconds , then t = .............. • sec.
(b) .2.4 (c) .12 (d) 2
4
( 7 ) A car of mass 2 tons moves upwards along the line of the greatest slope of a plane
inclined at an angle of sine= i
o to the horizontal against a resistance of magnitude 40
[Link]. for each ton of its mass. If the car is starting from rest, and covers 4.9 metres in
10 sec. , then the force magnitude of its engine=•·············· [Link].
(a) 100 (b) 150 (c) 200 (d) 250
• ( 8 ) In the opposite figure :
A body of weight (W) [Link]. is placed on a rough inclined plane
inclines to the horizontal by an angle of measure 30° . A force of
magnitude 200 [Link]. acts on the body in the direction of the line
of the greatest slope of the plane upwards to move it upwards
the plane with acceleration 0.98 m./sec� against a resistance of (W) kg. wt.
magnitude 784 newton , then W = ............... [Link].
(a) 200 (b) 1960 (c) 20 (d) 196
eRemember Understand O� e\ Higher Order Thinking Skills

( 9 ) In the opposite figure:

A body of weight (m) [Link] is placed on a rough
inclined plane that inclines to the horizontal by an
angle of measure 0.
A force of magnitude (m) [Link]. acts on the body in
the direction of the line of the greatest slope of the plane (§)[Link]

upwards to move it upwards the plane with acceleration

( / g) m./sec� against a resistance of magnitude ( � m) [Link]. ,
0
then 0 = ...............
(a) 60 ° (b) 30 ° (c) 45 ° (d) 20 °

(10) In the opposite figure:

A box of mass 10 kg. is placed on a horizontal plane.
The box is pulled by a force T of magnitude 45 N.
inclined at angle of measure 0 above the horizontal , the

i
box moved against resistance of ipagnitude 25 N. with an
acceleration m./sec� , then 0 = ...............

(a) cos-1 (�)

@ (11) In the opposite figure:

The plane is rough and inclines to the horizontal with an
angle of measure 30 ° , the mass of the body is 10 kg.
If a force of magnitude 22 Newton acted on the body in
the direction of the line of the greatest slope upwards , the
body moves downwards the plane with an acceleration of
magnitude 2 m./sec�, then the coefficient of the kinetic
friction between the body and the plane = ...............
(3-
(a) -7
(3
(b) 21
(3-
(c)-3

(12) In the opposite figure:

AN is a vertical radius in the circle N whose radius 35 meter ,
the chord AC represents a rough inclined plane whose resistance
R (newton) , where AC= 42 meter , if a body of mass 15 kg.
slides from rest from the point A on the inclined plane AC
, with uniform acceleration of magnitude 1.4 (m./sec�)
, then R = .............. · newton.
(a) 67.2 (b) 76.2 (c) 96.6 (d) 101.5

82
 w
Cl

• (13) In the opposite figure : 3l

A -�
><
QI

AN is a vertical radius of length 12.5 m. in a circle N , AB , w

B
AC are two chords of the circle represent two rough roads the
C
resistance of each of them is R (newton) , when a body of mass
20 kg. slides from rest from the point A on the road AB with
uniform acceleration a (m./sec:) it reaches the point B with velocity
v (m./sec.) , and when another body of mass 15 kg. slides from rest
from the point A on the road AC its acceleration was a (m./sec:)
also , if m (L BAN) = 60 ° , AC= 15 m , then v = ·········· ....· m/sec.
(a) 1.41/3 (b) 3.51/3 (c) 7 (d) 3.5

Second Essay questions

A body of mass 20 kg. is placed on a rough horizontal plane if the coefficient of the static
0
friction between the body and the plane is j and the coefficient of the kinetic f iction
r

between the body and the plane is } , if an increasing horizontal force acts on the body
until the body moves , find the value of the friction force between the body and the plane.
( 1 ) When the body is about to move.
( 2 ) During the motion.
( 3 ) Before starting the motion.

QJ A body of weight 10 [Link]. is placed on a rough horizontal plane. A force of magnitude

37 newtons acts on this body to move it on the horizontal plane with a uniform
acceleration of magnitude � m./sec� , find the coefficient of the kinetic friction between
the body and the plane. « ¾»

i.
A body of mass 200 grams is placed on a rough horizontal plane , its coefficient of the
0
kinetic friction is The body is pulled with a horizontal force to move from rest with
an acceleration of magnitude 80 cm./sec: Find the magnitude of the force. « 114000 dyne»

ill A body of mass 2 kg. is placed on a rough horizontal plane and the coefficient of the
kinetic friction between the body and the plane is i, find magnitude of the horizontal
force making the body move with a uniform acceleration a where
( 1 ) a= 5 m./sec.2
( 2) a= 1 m./sec.2
« I 9 .8 , 11 .8 newton »

83
 eRemember Understand [Link] ••• Higher Order Thinking Skills

lJ A body of mass i kg. is placed on a rough horizontal plane , then it is pulled by a force
... makes with the plane an angle of sine= � upwards. The body moved a distance 630 cm.
in 3 seconds from rest. If the coefficient of the kinetic friction between the body and the
plane is � . Find the magnitude of the force measured in newton. « 2 �� newton »

' "D In each of the following figures , a body of mass 5 kg. is placed on a rough plane and
0
the coefficient of the kinetic friction between the body and the plane µK , calculate µK in
each case , F is magnitude of the friction force :

( 1) ( 2) ( 3)
N N @newton N

a=2m./sec? a= I .I m./sec? a= I m./sec?

@newton @newton @newton
F F F

5g . 5g 5g

(4) (5) ( 6)
N N
@newton
a=3 m./sec? @newton
a=3 m./sec?
a=2m./sec?

F
F F

5g 5g @newton

(7) ( 8)
N @newton
N

5g Sg

WA rough inclined plane of length 250 cm. and height 150 cm. , a body is placed on it
to slide downwards the plane and the acceleration of motion is equal to 196 cm./sec2. Find
the coefficient of the kinetic friction , then find the velocity of the body in m./sec.
after it travels (cuts) 200 cm. on the plane. «½ , 154 m./sec. »

84
IJ TA body of mass 2 kg. is placed on a rough plane which inclines at 30
C1
u
°
to -�
C1
0 )'
the horizontal. A horizontal force of magnitude 20 newtons acts on the body towards
the plane , then the body moves in a uniform velocity. Find the coefficient of the kinetic
friction between the body and the plane. «0.28»

' A body of mass 240 gm. is placed on a horizontal rough plane where the coefficient of
A
the kinetic friction between the body and the plane equals
1
'V3 .
A force of magnitude

280 [Link]. in a direction making an angle of measure 30° at the horizontal , the body
moved with a uniform acceleration. Find the magnitude of the velocity of the body after
9 seconds from beginning motion. And if the effect of the force is stopped , then find the
taken time for the body to be at rest. « 3920"y3 cmlsec. , 12 seconds»

I � The boxes at a factory are transported by sliding them on an inclined plane of length
0
15 m. and height 9 m. Find the velocity of the box which starts it motion from rest at
the top of the plane at the base of the plane if the plane is rough and the coefficient of
the kinetic friction is �qual to } « J0.844 mlsec. »

U" A body of mass 1 ton is needed to drag into a rough plane inclines with an angle of
0
measure 0 where tan 0 = � to the horizontal by a force parallel to the plane in the direction
of the line of the greatest slope upwards. Find the coefficient of the kinetic friction between
the body and the plane if the least force preserves the body moving up on the plane is of
magnitude 1400 [Link]. « I »

A small wooden box of mass 5 kg. is placed at the top of a rough inclined plane. Its length is
••• 2 metres and is height is 1.2 metre , then the box slided down to reach the bottom of the plane
after 1 � seconds. Find the magnitude of the acceleration with which the box moved and
the magnitude of the force of friction , too. Find the coefficient of the kinetic friction.
« 1.96 m./sec2. , 19 .6 newton , 2I »

i
An inclined rough plane, of length 2.5 m. and height 1.5 m. , its coefficient of the kinetic
0
friction is Find the smallest speed at which a body will be projected from the lowest
point in the plane in the direction of the line of the greatest slope to reach the top of the
plane. « 7 m./sec. »

' An inlcined plane of length 4.5 m. and of height 2.7 m. A body is placed at the top of
0
the plane and started its motion from rest. Calculate the velocity of the body when it
reaches the bottom of the plane and the time needed if the kinetic coefficient of friction
equals 1 15
2 « 4.2 m./sec. sec.»
7
85
 eRemember Understand O� ••• Higher Order Thinking Skills

�A locomative pulls a train of mass 500 tons with a force of magnitude 40 [Link].
0
upwards a straight road inclined to the horizontal with an angle of sine= , with a
io
uniform acceleration given that the resistance of air and friction are estimated together
to be of magnitude 20 [Link]. per each ton of mass of the train. Find the magnitude of the
acceleration of the train. 2
« 9.8 cmlsec . »

, A train of mass 200 tons is moving upwards on an inclined plane whose inclination to
0
the horizontal is of angle 0 where sin 0 = 150 with a uniform acceleration of magnitude
4.9 cm./sec2 . If magnitude of the resistance of the air and the friction is 5 [Link]. for each ton
of the mass of the train , then find the force magnitude of the train engine. « 4000 [Link]. »

A car of mass 2 tons descends from rest downwards along the line of the greatest slope of
a plane inclined to the horizontal with an angle of sine i against resistance of
o
magnitude 50 [Link]/ton of its mass. It covered a distance 49 m. in 10 seconds
Find the magnitude of force of its motor in [Link]. « 200 [Link]. »

A body of mass 4 kg. is projected up with a velocity of 7 .2 m./sec. along the line of
the greatest slope of a plane inclined to the horizontal at an angle of measure 30° If
magnitude of the resistance to the motion is 2 newton. Find the distance travelled by
the body until it comes to rest. « 4.8 metres »

' A body is placed on the highest point of a slope of height 125 cm. and inclined at 30°
0
to the horizontal. The body moves in the direction of the line of the greatest slope to
the plane downwards against a constant resistance magnitude estimated } the weight of
the body. Calculate the speed by which the body reaches the lowest point of the plane.
What is the speed by which the body is projected by to hardly reach the top of the plane?
« 3.5 , 3.51/3 m./sec. »

A locomotive of mass 30 tons pulls a number of wagons each of mass 10 tons with an
0
engine force of magnitude 56 [Link]. and moves up on a road inclined to the horizontal
at an angle of measure 30° with a uniform acceleration of 49 cm./sec: If the magnitude
of resistance force to the motion of the locomotive and the wagons is 10 [Link]. for each
ton of mass. Find the number of wagons. « 7 wagons »

III A train of mass 240 tons moves in a horizontal road with a uniform acceleration of
•• •
magnitude 2.45 cm./sec: If the force of the engine is of magnitude 2000 [Link]. Find
the resistance magnitude per ton of the mass of the train and if the train ascends an
inclined plane to the horizontal with an angle of sine= � , find the acceleration of
5 0
the train on the inclined plane given that the resistance magnitude does not change.
5 [Link]./ton , 0.49 cm./sec.2 »
«5
6

86
� A car of mass 5 tons , the force magnitude of its engine is 200 [Link]. moves with
• •• maximum velocity 100 km./h. on a horizontal road. Calculate the resistance magnitude
at this velocity. What is the magnitude of the acceleration that the car will descend down
a ramp inclined at the horizontal with an angle of sine = io if the resistance magnitude
is constant. « R = 200 [Link]. , a= 0.49 mlsec. »

At a factory , the boxes are transferred by sliding them on an inclined plane ends in
• a horizontal plane. If the length of the inclined plane is 40 m. , inclined at 30° to
the horizontal and the resistance magnitude for each of the two planes is equivalent to 1
of the weight of the body , find the speed of the box at the end of the pathway supposing
its speed does not change by transferring on the horizontal plane if the length of
the horizontal part is 10 m. « 14 mlsec. »

' A body of mass (m) kg. is placed on the top of an inclined plane of length s metres
• which ends by a horizontal plane. If the inclined plane makes an angle of measure 30° to
•
the horizontal plane , and the body was left to slide along the line of greatest slope of
the inclined plane and continued its motion on the horizontal plane till it came to rest
after it covered the same distance on the inclined plane , find in newton the magnitude
of the resistance per kg. of mass. Given that the magnitude of the resistance of the two
planes are equal and the speed of the body does not change when it leaves the inclined
plane to the horizontal plane. « 2.45 newton/kg. »

A body of mass (m) kg. placed on a plane inclined at an angle of measure 30 ° to the
horizontal. A force of magnitude 8 [Link]. acts on this body along the line of the greatest
slope upwards so the body moves with regular acceleration (a) m./sec� and if the force
magnitude is reduced to half its value with the same direction , then the body moves
along the direction of line of the greatest slope downwards with the same acceleration.
Find the value of each of (m) and (a) knowing that in both cases the magnitude of
1
resistance is 9 .8 newton. «l2kg., 49 mlsec.»
60

, A body moved from rest at the top of a ramp of length 108 cm. and inclined to the
:. horizontal with an angle of measure 30 ° If magnitude of the resistance to its motion = 1
5
the weight of the body. Find its speed at the end of the ramp and the distance which the
body covered on a horizontal plane at the end of the inclined plane till it comes to rest
given that the resistance magnitude does not change. « 252 cmlsec. , s = 162 cm. »

87
 •
eRemember eUnderstand OApply • • Higher Order Thinking Skills

QI I A body of mass 12 kg. is placed on a rough horizontal plane. If the coefficient of the
•
static friction between the body and the plane is equal to 'V33 where as the coefficient of
the kinetic friction is equal to 'V34 , then calculate the force magnitude which make the
body about to move , then find the force magnitude which make the body move with an

acceleration of magnitude
49
20
V m./sec� given that the force inclines at 30 °
to the

horizontal upward in the two cases. « 6, 9.6 [Link].»

A body of weight 800 newtons is placed on a rough inclined

plane inclines at 25 ° to the horizontal and the coefficient of the
static friction between the body and the plane is equal to 0.35 and
the coefficient of the kinetic friction is equal to 0.25.
Find magnitude of the force which acts in the direction of line of
the greatest slope upwards in each of tke following cases

( 1 ) F makes the body about to move upwards the plane. e mgcose

( 2 ) F is the minimum force that preserves the body moving upwards the plane.
( 3) F is the minimum force prevents the body from sliding. « 591.86, 519.36, 84.33 newton»

' In the opposite figure :

• •• A B
Two bodies (A) , (B) of masses 300 gm. , 500 gm. respectively.
gm. gm.
Force of magnitude (F) acts on the two bodies as shown in � �

the opposite figure. The two bodies accelerate at 200 cm./sec�

If the friction force magnitude between the body (A) and the plane
equals 1.2 N. and the friction force magnitude between the body
(B) and plane equals 2 N. Find the magnitude of F , then find
magnitude of the force that the body (A) acts by on the body (B). « 4.8 , 3 newtons»

A rough inclined plane of length 8 metres, it makes an angle of sine = � at the horizontal.
� A body on the plane slides down the plane from rest from the top of the plane. Find the
speed of this body when it reaches the bottom of this plane given that the coefficient of the
kinetic friction between the body and the plane is 1 If this body is projected upwards the
plane from the lowest point of the plane. Find the least speed with which the body will be
projected to reach the top of the plane. « 5.6 m./sec., 5.6-{s m./sec. »

88
£J] A body is placed on a rough plane inclined to the ground with an angle of tangent equals
QI
VI
-�
1• this body is projected downwards the plane with a certain speed in direction of the
Ii
greatest slope of the plane to be at rest after cutting a distance 390 cm. on the plane. Find
the speed by which the body is projected knowing that the kinetic friction coefficient
between the body and the plane equals � and if the body is projected upwards the plane
in direction of greatest slope by the same speed , then find the distance that the body cut
till it comes to rest. « 420 cm./sec. , 90 cm.»

A body slides on a rough plane inclined at 45 ° to the horizontal. If the coefficient of the
• kinetic friction between the body and the plane is equal to i,
prove that the time taken by
the body to travel any distance is equal to twice the time taken by the body to travel the same
distance if the plane is smooth supposing the body starts to slide from rest in both cases.

A body is projected with velocity 14.7 m./sec. upwards a rough plane inclined to the

i
horizontal with an angle of measure 30 ° If it is known that the body became to rest after
1 seconds from the �oment of projecting. Find the coefficient of friction of the plane
, then explain , will the body return back down or not ? given that the coefficient of static
friction equals the coefficient of kinetic friction approximately.
1/33
«fl= - , the body 1s
• m • • equ1·1·b
• 1·1m1tmg • »
1 num

A body is projected at a speed 2.8 m./sec. upwards in the direction of the line of the
greatest slope of a rough plane inclined to the horizontal at an angle whose
tangent = )�� If the coefficient of the kinetic friction between the body and the plane
2 y 10
is � Find the maximum distance the body can ascend up the plane , then prove
2 AV JO
that the body will not stay at rest on the plane but it will slide down the plane with an
acceleration of magnitude equals half the magnitude of its acceleration of ascending.
Given that the coefficient of static friction equals the coefficient of kinetic friction
approximately. « The maximum distance= 70 cm.»

A body is left to slide on an inclined plane ends to a horizontal plane of the same roughness
!
if the coefficient of the kinetic friction = the length of the inclined plane is 9 metre and it
i
inclines to the horizontal at an angle 0 where tan 0 = Find the maximum distance that the
body will move on the horizontal plane before it becomes at rest , given that the speed
does not change as transmitting from the inclined plane to the horizontal plane. « 14.4 metre»
••• AB= .l gx AB xt 2
2 2r I D
:.t�=..i.!..(I) ·: N=200x980 dyne ®

The bead slides on AC :. equation of motion

T- ½ X 200 X 980 =200 X 80

, ·: s=v0t+ ½at2 :. S=0+ ½g COS 8
2
XI� :. T= 114000 dyne
200>e 980
.-.AC= -2' x gx AC xIi :. �= �· (2)
2r
D
From(I) ,(2): :.t 1 :1,i={-¥-:{¥-= I: I F-JJ,• N=ma
:. F-½x2x9.8=2 a
Exercise 8
( 1 ) a=5 m/sec2
,m Multiple choice questions ) F=2 X 5+ ½ X 2 X 9.8

( I )(d) (2)(b) ( 3 )(d) ( 4 )(c) ( 5)(a) =19.8 newton

( 6 )(b) ( 7 )(c) ( 8)(a) ( 9 )(b) (10) (a) (2) a=I m/sec�

(11)(b) (12)(a) (13)(c) ½

F=2x I + x 2x9.8= 11.8 newton.

Ji§+i,j.@ Essay questions ) D

·:s=v 0t+½at2 ®
( 1) The body about to move: @ 6.3= 0+½a X 9 �sine

F,=JJ,, N=JJ,, m.g :. a= I.4 m/sec.2

@ • ®
=½ x20x9.8 � ·: N+T sin8= x9.8 ½
=65½ newton.
:.N+fT=4.9 (I)
:. The equation of motion is :
(2) During motion :
Tx¼-tN
Fk=JJ,kN=JJ,k mg
= ½ X 1.4 (Mull. x t)
=-¼ x20x9.8
:. -N+2 T= 1.75 (2)
= 49 newton.
Adding (I) ,(2) : :. J/ T=6.65
( 3 ) Before start moving :
:. T=2 �i newton.
the friction F0 s F, ,
and F equals the horizontal u
force P as long as the body don't start motion. (l)P-JJ,kN=ma

u 24-JJ,kx5x9.8=5x2

N= 10x9.8=98 newton.
®
.-. µ,.= t
F-JJ,kN = ma (2) ·: P-JJ,k N=ma

:. 37 - /J,k X 98= 10 X ¾ :. 30-JJ,k X 5 X 9.8=5 X I.I

:. µ,. =-¼ J0X9.8 :. /J,k= ½

41
(3)N+29=5 g D
.-. N = 5 x9.8-29 = 20 newton. N=mg cos8

:. 10-µ k X 20=5 x I N=mx9.8xf=7.84 m

,P-µ k N=ma :. mg sin8 -µ k N=ma

m x9.8x f-µ kx7.84 m
:. 10-µ kx20=5 x I
= 1.96 m
( 4) 40 sin 30+N=5 x9.8
µk =
½
N=29 newton.
:. v2=v02+2 a s
40 COS 30 - µ k X 29 5 = X 3 :. v2 : Q+2 X 1.96 X 2
- -15+20YJ
µk- 29
-0 68 .-. v= ¥ m/sec.
Ill
( S)N+40 sin 60°=5 x9.8
:. N=49-20YJ
N=2x9.8x f +20x ½
·.- P-µ k N=ma .-. N =(9.8YJ+ 10) newton.

:. 40 COS 60,-µ k (49-20YJ)=5 X 3

20 cos 30° = mg sin 30 °+ µ k N •
i,�"P· c.----
µ k <=0.35 :. IOYJ=2x9.8x 2I µ,N·--:'"'a...JIL· -1&'---
+µ k (9.8YJ+ 10)
( 6) N= 391/2 sin 45 °+5 x9.8 2,cosJO
.'. µ k=0.28 @
N 88 newton
=

·: P-µ k N=ma D N

·.- N+F sin 30 °= 240x980

.-. 391/2 sin 45 -µ kx88=5 x2
°
.-. N = 4 x980
20 N
:. µ k =
�� -280x980x ½
( 7) N= 5 x9.8x cos 49YJ
30 ° -
= -
=98000 dyn�
2 2AOX980
.-. The equation of motion
,5 x9.8 sin 30 ° -µ kx 4
9
[3 =5x2 of lhe mass is : F cos 30°-µ k N ma

ff {3
=

µ k <=0.34 :. 280 X 980 X - X 98000=240 a

( 8 ) 21/2 sin 45 °+N=5x9.8xcos 30 ° .-. a = 3920 cm Jsec.2

313
- -4+4 9YJ
N- After 9 seconds then
2
·.- 21/2 cos 45 ° < 5 x9.8xsin 30° v=v +at=zero+ 3�� x9= 3920YJ cm/sec.
0
3 '3
:. The body slides on lhe plane After stopping the force the equation of motion is
:. The friction force is in direclion of line of -µ k N=ma
greatest slope up. '
:. - t x240x980=240a
:. • .�
5x9.8xsm30"-2y 2oos45°-µk (-
--4+49YJ
-- ) V

=5 x I
2
..• a' = 'VJ
-980 cm/sec2 . ·: v=v +at0

:. µ k =0.43 :. zero=3920YJ-� t :. t= 12 seconds.

42
m m
._. The plane is r ough sin8=.!J.= .l
2.5 5
andthe coefficien t of N=mgco s8=f mg.
the kine tic friction is ¾ :. The equation of the motion is

:.mg sin8-/J- k N =ma -mg sin8-µ k N=ma

:. mxgxf -¾ :. -mgx ! - f mgx f =ma
xmxgxf=ma :. -fg-fg=a
.-. o.4 g=" :. a=-g=-9.8 m/sec2
... a=3.92 m/sec2 •.• v2 =v02 +2as
2
v =0+2x3.92x 15 :. zer o =v!-2x9.8x2.5
:.v"' 10.844 m/sec. :. v!=49 :.v 0=7 m/sec.

m m
._. N=mgco s8
N=mgcos8
, ·: least force :.N=mx9.8xf=7.84 m.
to p re serve the body ,mg sin8-µ. N=mg.
mo vin gup is th at make s it :.,mx9.8xf-½
moves by uniform motion X 7.84 Jlr =Jlr a
:. F-lt kN-mg sin8=0 :. a=1.96 m/sec�
F-µ k xmgco s8 -mg sin 8=0 , ·: v 2 =v!+2 aS=0+2x l.96x4 5
! � 5 3
1400x9.8-µ k x 1000x9.8x �
5 3 :. v =4.2 m/sec.
-1000x9.8xf=O ,v=v0 +at ◄
1 sec.
8
... 4.2=0+ l.96 t
4
:. /J- k = I :. t =

m m
..
_ The moti on is upw ards t he plane :
sin8=.!..2=.5l
2 :. F-mg sin8-R=ma
N=mgco s8
=5 X 9.8 X 1 =4 X 9.8
:. 40 X 1000 X 9.8 -500
x 1000x9.8x frj
·: S =V O t + t at2 -20 X 500 X 9.8
=500x 1000 a
:. 2=½a X ��
:. a=0.098 m/sec2=9.8 cm/sec2
:. a=1.96 m/sec�
The equation of mo tion
._ . The motion i s upw ards the plane
oft he box is
:. F -mg sin8-R=ma
mg sin 8-µ k N=ma
.. . F=200x 1000x9.8 x ,:xi
... 5 x9.8xf-µ. x4 x 9.8 =5 x I.96
+5 X 200 X 9.8+ 200
1be ki netic friction force =µ kN =½ x 4x9.8 X 1000 X 0.049
=19.6 newton . =39200newton =4000 [Link].

43
§m :. The mass of all wagons=100 -30=70 tons.
2 ·: s=v0t+ f at 2 :. The number of wagons= ;g =7 wagons.
:. 49=½ a X 100
:. a=0.98 mJsec'.
/ ® m
®� In the case of motion on the horizontal road with
·: The motion is downwards.
. �
mgsme
unifonn acceleration
:. F + mg sin 9-R = ma
·: F-R=ma
:. F+2000 X 9.8 X "fcj -2 X 50 X 9.8=2000 X 0.98
:. 2000x9.8 -R=240 x IOOOx0.0245
:. F=1960 newton=200 [Link].
.-. R=13720 newton=1400 [Link].
m .-.The resistance for each ton= 5¾ [Link].
•. • The motion is upwards • In the case of motion upwards
:. -mg sin 30° -R=ma the inclined plane :
:.-4x9.8x½-2=4 a :. F-R-mg sin 8 = ma
:. a= -5.4 mJsec'. :. 2000 X 9.8 -1400 X 9.8
I
·: v 2=v 02+2 as -240 X 1000 X 9.8 X 500
:. zero=(7.2}2 -2x5.4xs =240 X )000 a
:. s=4.8 metre. :. ii=0.0049 mJsec'. =0.49 cmJsec�

m m
• The motion downwards : • On the horizontal road the
®
:. mg sin 30° - ¼ mg=ma motion is with maximum velocity .
®
a=9.8x½-9.8x ¼ =2.45 mJsec2 :. F = R
¢,,,,�..��
�
v 2 =v�+2as .-. R=200 [Link].
=zero+2x2.5x2.45 :. v =3.5 mJsec. • The motion on the ramp is downwards :
• The projection towards direction of the plane up : :. F+mg sin 8 • R =ma
-mg sin 30° -¼ mg=ma :. 200 X 9.8+ 5000 X 9.8 X "fci -200 X 9.8 = 5000 a
•=-9.8xt-9.8x¼ :. a=0.49 mJsec�
=- 7.35 mJsec'.
:. v 2 =v! +23 s
m
The motion on the inclined plane
:. zero=v�-2x2.5x7.35
mg sin 30-0.2 mg= ma
v 0=3.5-yJ mJsec. a=½ x9.8 -0.2x9.8

fl!J =2.94 mJsec'.

Let the mass of whole train •.• v 2=v �+2as
be m tons v 2=zero+ 2x40x2.94
·: The motion is upwards. v 2=235.2
:. F- mg sin 30°-R=ma The motion on the horizontal plane.
:. 56 X )000 X 9.8 -m X )000 X 9.8 X ½ -0.2 mg=ma .-. ii=-1.96 mJsec�
-10 mx9.8= IOOO mx0.49 v2 =v�+23.s
:. m= JOO tons =235.2-2 X JO X J .96 v =14 mJsec.

44
m On the horizontal plane

• On the inclined plane : -.- -R = ma .-. -½ x980=a

·:The on isdownw s R .-. a=- 196 cm}sec2 :. v 2 = v02+ 2 3 s
� •
:. mg sm 8-R = ma � .-. zero=(252)2-2x196 xs
.,..s-�
... I mx9.8-R-ma
- A • 252 2
2 _, _ .•. s-<
- > = 162 cm. :. s = 1.62 metre.
392
:. 4.9 m-ma=R @) (I)
·: v2 = v! + 2 as .-. v2=2 as (2)
m
( l ) The body about to move :
• On the horizontal plane : -R = ma (3)
N+F sin 30° = mg
v2=u2 + 2 as subslituting from (2) :
N= 12x9.8-t F
.-. zero=2 as+ 2 as .-. a=-a
F cos 30°=µ, N
Substituting in (3): .-. - R =mx-a .-. R = ma
Substituting in (I): .-. 4.9 m-ma=ma ."VJ F-_"VJ (12x9.8-2I F) �
..
2 3
:. 4.9 m=2 ma .-. a=2.45 mlsec2 .
.-. F= 9.8x6 newton= 6 [Link] .
.-. The resistance for each kg. = 2.45 newton.
( 2 ) The body is moving :
F cos 30- µ k N =ma

• As motion upwards the plane :

Fx f-ff (12x9.8-½F) )
ma = F- mg sin 30° -R
= 12x ;[! (Mull. xfJ)
49
:. ma=8x9.8-mx9.8x½-9.8
• As motion downwards the plane : :. 4 F- 24x9.8+F=9.8x24
ma=mg sin 30°- ½ F-R .-. 5 F=9.8 (24 + 24)

:. ma=mx9.8x ½-½ x8x9.8-9.8 F = 9.8x9.6

(2)
.-. F=9.6 [Link].
Subtracling (2) from (I):
:. zero =-mx9.8+12x9.8 .-. m= l 2kg. m
substituling in (I): ( 1 ) ·.- The body about lo move up

.-. 12 a=9.8 (8-6-I)=9.8

:. N =mg cos 8
F=µ,N+ mg sin 8
.-. a=.2&. mJsec? = 4 9 mlsec?
12 60 = 0.35 xmg cos 8+ mg sin 8
$
m = 0.35 x800 cos 25° + 800 sin 25 °

·.- The motion isdownwards the plane. =591.86 newton

( 2) The leas! force keeps the body moving up :
.-. mg sin 30 -
°
! mg=ma
F=µ k N+mg sin9
:. 980 X t - 980 X ½ =a � F
--«=:..J!L.--"""-­ =0.25 xmg cos9 + mg sin 8�
.-. a= 294 cmlsec? J-1 ,N
: 0.25 X 800 COS 25° -,so�
,,_.. •
8 mgcos O
·.- v2 = v!+ 2 as ;. v2=0+ 2 X 294 X )08 + 800 sin 25°
:. v=252 cmJscc. :. v=2.52 mlsec. = 519.36 newton
<;Jj}
45
( 3 ) The force prevent
m
the body to slide
• When the body is projected
N=mg cos0 downwards the plane:
®
F+ f-L, N =mg sin 0 /
N=mg cos0, ®
F+ 0.35xmg cos0 = mg sin 0
gsm0-f-Lk N ' �,.�,�� 0 mgros813�
F=800sin 25°-0.35x800cos 25° � L_j � J,l._N
F"' 84.33 newton.
-= � 8
.'. mx980 x fl - f xmx980x g =ma
Consider the two bodies A and 8 as one body :. a=- ��40 cmlsec2
:. F-2-l.2=0.8x2 -2940
:. zero=v02+ 2 x- --x 390
1 3
,·.·v2 =v�+2as
:. F= 4.8 newton
:. vO= 420 cmlsec.
studying the motion F (8) only
• When the body is projected upwards the plane :
and assume body (A)
-f-Lk N - mg sin 0= ma
acts on (8) by force F
.'. F -2= 0.5x2 .'. - t X m X 980 X g
:. F =3 newton. -mx980xn=ma

:. a=-980 cmlscc2
EI!)
·: N =mg cos0 = f mg. , •.• v2 =v 2 +2a s

:. The equation of motion of the :. zero= (420)2 - 2x980xs

:. s =90 cm.
mass is : mg sin 8 - µk N = ma

:. mgx f-½ mgx =ma f

....
�,��

m
:. ! g- t g=a N =mg cos 45°
a= tg= 1.96 mlsec� • If the plane isJ'ough :
.'. v2=V� + 2 as=zero+ 2 X 1.96 X 8 '� 3
LJ
:. v =5.6 mlsec. 4
• In the case of projecting the body up the plane
the equation of motion is :
-mg sin 0 -f-Lk N=ma
:. -mg x f-½mgx =ma f (I)

• If the plane is smooth :

:. a=-g=-9.8 mlsec�
2
·: v =v0 +2 as
2 :. mg sin 45° =ma
:. zero=v�-2x9.8x8 . . a= g .'. S= ta I�= t X gt� (2)
' fi fi
.'. v!=2 9.8 8
fi r.- I
From (I) and (2 ) .. ... 16 g1 gt2
X X

:. v0= 5.6'V5 mlsec. 2fi 2

Which is the required velocity so that the body can
... �
l� _ 4 ... ,,-
ti _ 2
reach to the top of the plane.
-T -T

46
m •fl k N=
I
2fio
xmg cos8

am= u.,� t..5

®
= .r.I ;: x-
2 I IO
2VQ
7 mg= mg
- + (2)
. a-= - 9.S mis«� ,.smJO s JO
From (I) and (2):
Thieeqmcion,.f motion is
The body will move downwards the plane , the
tmg - +mg=ma
:.
• - 30° -µN=ma
••• - mg sin 30° -flxmg cos 30°=ma equation of motion is :

I 1/3 1/3 :. fmg=ma

t
x g=-g I
2 + 2 fl=I
:. :.
-z&-fl 2
:. a= g =2.8 m/sec�
1/3 I I 1/3 1/3
;, 2 fl
=
2 :. fl =
1/3 X 1/3 =3 :. magnitude of acceleration in sliding is equal to half
the magnitude of the acceleration of ascending.
when the body becomes at rest then

}.IN= I mxgx
1/3= f mg , mg sm· 8= I mg N

1/3 2 2
• On the inclined plane :
:. The body is in limiting equilibrium and the body ·: N=mg cos�
can not return back down. The equation of motion is

m m gx 'f- ¼mgx =ma f --'"'1..!!--i­

N =mg cos8 :. a = 392 cm/sec�

2
TI1e equation of motion is N v = v0 + 2 as=0 + 2x392x900
- mg sin 8 - fl k N=ma :. v = 840 cm/sec.
:. -mx9.8 x t- 2 .Ih10 xm • On the horizontal plane :
·: N=mg
2fw
x9.8 x- -=ma
7 The equation of motion
:. a=-5.6 m/sec� -}.l k N = ma
·: v2=v� + 2 as :. -¼ mg=ma
:. zero=(2.8)2 - 5.6x2 s :. a=- 245 cm/sec�
:.s=\\ \2 8 =0.7 metre s=70 cm. ·: v 2=v02 +2 as
6
when the body is at rest :. zero=(840}2 - 2x245 s

·: mg sin8= t mg (I) :. s= 1440 cm. = 14.4 metre.

47