THE EFFECT OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON
STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
A research proposal
Presented to the
Senior High School Department
Kalamansig National High School
In partial fulfillment
of the Requirement for the Subject
Practical Research 1
By
Escasinas, Audrey B.
Apolo, Nerica
March 2026
Chapter 1
Introduction
Academic performance is a critical indicator of a student’s overall learning and
development. It reflects not only a student’s knowledge and skills but also their motivation,
engagement, and support system. One factor consistently linked to improved academic
outcomes is parental involvement, which includes parents’ active participation in their child’s
education, such as attending school meetings, monitoring academic progress, and providing
emotional and academic support (Epstein, 2018; Fan & Williams, 2010). Research indicates
that students with involved parents demonstrate higher academic achievement, better
classroom behavior, and increased motivation to learn (Castro et al., 2015; Jeynes, 2016).
This study explores how parental involvement impacts students’ academic performance in
senior high school, aiming to provide insights into effective family-school collaboration.
Background of the Study
Parental involvement has long been recognized as a significant contributor to student success.
According to Hill and Tyson (2009), children whose parents actively engage in school-related
activities are more likely to achieve higher grades and exhibit positive learning behaviors.
Similarly, Kim and Hill (2015) emphasize the importance of including both fathers and
mothers in educational support, as each parent’s involvement can affect students differently.
In the Philippine context, studies by Dela Cruz and Abad (2020) and Santos (2022) reveal
that parental involvement in public schools positively influences students’ academic
performance and motivation. Such engagement can take many forms, from helping with
homework to fostering a supportive home environment conducive to learning. Despite these
benefits, some students still face challenges due to limited parental involvement, which may
stem from socioeconomic factors, parental work commitments, or lack of awareness about
effective support strategies (Hill & Craft, 2003; Wilder, 2014).
This study aims to examine the relationship between parental involvement and students’
academic performance, focusing on senior high school learners, and to highlight strategies
that can enhance parent-school partnerships.
Statement of the Problem
This study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. How do students describe their parent’s involvement in their academic life?
2. How does parental involvement influence student’s academic performance?
3. How do students explain the impact of parental support their motivation and study
habits?
Significance of the Study
The results of this study are significant to various stakeholders:
Students: Understanding the role of parental involvement can help students recognize the
benefits of family support in improving their academic performance.
Teachers: Educators can gain insights into how to encourage and facilitate parental
engagement to enhance student learning outcomes.
Parents: The study highlights effective ways parents can support their children’s education,
fostering a stronger home-school partnership.
School Administrators: Findings can guide school policies and programs aimed at promoting
active parental participation in school activities.
Future Researchers: This study provides a foundation for further research on family
engagement and academic success, particularly in the Philippine educational context.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focuses on senior high school students enrolled in public schools. It investigates
the relationship between parental involvement and students’ academic performance,
emphasizing parental support in academic tasks, school attendance, and home-based learning
activities. The study does not cover private schools or examine external factors such as peer
influence, school infrastructure, or extracurricular involvement, which may also affect
academic performance. Data will be collected through questionnaires distributed to students
and their parents, and academic performance will be assessed based on students’ grade
reports.
Definition of Terms
Academic Performance: Refers to a student’s level of achievement in school, often measured
through grades, test scores, and other academic indicators (York, Gibson, & Rankin, 2015).
Parental Involvement: Active participation of parents in their child’s education, including
monitoring progress, assisting with homework, attending school events, and fostering a
supportive learning environment (Epstein, 2018).
Home-Based Involvement: Activities parents engage in at home to support learning, such as
helping with assignments, discussing schoolwork, and encouraging study habits (Fan &
Williams, 2010).
School-Based Involvement: Participation of parents in school-related activities, such as
parent-teacher meetings, school events, and volunteering in school programs (Hill & Tyson,
2009).
Senior High School Students: Learners enrolled in grades 11 and 12 in the Philippine K-12
educational system.