BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
23BME0385 Bashi Aswin B
Analysis of Trusses
Exercise 2
Determine the nodal displacements, elemental stress and strains and reaction force for the Truss
shown below. Take Young’s modulus E=200 X103 N/mm2, and link cross-sectional area as 3250
mm2.
Geometric Model:
300kN 200kN 300kN 400kN 3500mm
4m 4m 4m
FE Model:
4 4 8 6
2
3 5 7 9 11
1
3500mm
2 6 10
1 7
3 5
4m 4m 4m
Tabulate the nodal displacements, stresses & Reaction forces:
Nodal displacements:
Node
UX in mm UY in mm USUM in mm
No.
1 0 0 0
2 3.4383 -3.8844 5.1875
3 0.82051 -7.2998 7.3458
4 1.7973 -8.1322 8.3285
5 2.5788 -7.9599 8.3672
6 -0.78144E-001 -4.2479 4.2486
7 3.5165 0 3.5165
Note: Highlight node number with maximum and minimum deflection.
Reaction forces:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Reaction Solution:
NODE FX FY FZ
1 -0.29104E-010 0.53333E+006 0
7 0.66667E+006
Total
-0.29104E-010 0.12000E+007 0
Elemental Solution:
Element Stress N/mm2
No.
1 -82.690
2 82.690
3 -11.813
4 11.813
5 94.503
6 -94.503
7 41.026
8 -82.051
9 87.912
10 -93.773
11 46.886
Contour plots:
Nodal
displacement plot:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Elemental
stress plot:
Elemental strain plot:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Inference:
Identify the element with maximum stress:
Element no. 5
Identify the element with maximum member force:
Element no. 4
Conclusions:
The element with maximum stress is found to be “5” and the element with maximum member
force is “4”.
Total force in X direction is -0.29104E-010 and Total force in Y direction is 0.12000E+007.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Analysis of Beams
Name: Bashi Aswin B
Reg No: 23BME0385
Exercise No. 3 a):
Determine nodal deflections, reaction forces and plot SFD and BMD for the beam shown
below. Take E=2e5N/m2 and Poisson’s ratio as 0.3.
Geometric Model:
30kN 20kN
10kN/m Cross-Section
40mm
2m 2m 4m
20mm
FE Model:
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
GUI (Graphical User Interface) Procedure:
1) File – Clear & Start New – Do not read File – Ok.
2) File-Save as - Select suitable Drive - enter file name as ‘Beam2.
db’- ok.
3) ANSYS Main Menu - Preferences – Structural – ok.
(Used to specify type of analysis)
Preprocessing Steps:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
4) ANSYS Main Menu - Preprocessor – Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add –
Beam – 2 node 188 - ok – Close.
(Used to select type of finite element)
6) Preprocessor – Real Constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add –(enter the c/s area
of beam, moment of ok inertia IZZ and height of C/s) – close.
(Used to enter details of cross section of the element)
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
7) Preprocessor – Material Props – Material Models – Structural (double click) –
Linear – Elastic – Isotropic
EX – 200e3 (in exponential form)
PRXY – 0.3 - ok – Material – Exit.
(Used to enter Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the given material)
5) Preprocessor – Section – Beam – Common Sections – (Select Cross section type as
rectangle and enter the dimensions - ) – apply – Preview – Close.
(Tabulate section review data summary in report)
8) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – key points – In Active CS –
Key number - 1
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 0 0 0 - Apply
Key number - 2
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 2000 0 0 - Apply
Key number - 3
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 4000 0 0 - Apply
Key number - 4
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 8000 0 0 - Ok.
(Used to create nodes depending on given geometry)
9) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – lines – straight lines– (click on key points 1
and 2,2and 3, 3 and 4) – ok.
(Used to create lines in active CS)
Preprocessor – manual size – pick lines – pick line 1 – NDIV – no of divisions – 10 –
ok similarly do it for line 2 and 3.
Mesh tool – mesh pick all - - close.
10) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Displacement – On
nodes – [Select (click) 1st node ALL DOF, 4th node UY support – ok.
(Used to constraint nodes)
11) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Force/Moment – on
Nodes ––
Direction of force/moment FY
–
Load key 2
Select node 2-VALUE Force/moment value -30e3N(‘-ve’Value) -
Apply.
Select node 3-VALUE Force/moment value -20e3N(‘-ve’Value) - Ok.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
(Used to apply force or moments on nodes)
12) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Pressure on beam ––
Select 3rd element- Pressure VALUE at node I -10e3N/m (“ +ve Value)
Pressure VALUE at node J -10e3N/m – OK.
Processing:
13) Solution – Solve – Current LS –ok – Solution is done – Close.
(Used to solve the problem)
Post processing Steps:
14) General Postproc – Element Table – Define Table – Add – (Scroll down and
select) by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,2 –
Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,8 – Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,6 – Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,12 – Ok.
(SMISC 2, 8 specifies elemental Shear Force and SMISC 6,12 specifies elemental
Bending Moment)
15) General Postproc – List Results – Nodal solutions – DOF solutions - Y-
component of displacement - ok
(Lists the displacements at each node)
16) General Postproc – Plot Results – Contour Plot – Line Element Results (select
SMISC 2 and SMISC 8 to Plot SFD) – ok.
17) General Postproc – Plot Results – Contour Plot – Line Element Results (select
SMISC 6and SMISC 12 to Plot BMD) – ok.
18) General Postproc – List Results – Reaction Solu – Struct force FY – OK.
(Displays the reaction forces at each constrained node)
19) PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed Shape – Ok.
(Animates the given model according to applied boundary conditions)
20) PlotCtrls – Symbols – All BC’s.
(Displays the all applied boundary conditions)
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
21) File – Save as – Select the Directory – [Link] – Ok.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Step1: Name and sketch the element to be used showing its degree of freedom
BEAM188 and has 6 degrees of freedom
Step2: Sketch of the given beam. Show the origin and XYZ axes.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Step3: List the co-ordinates of key point / nodes in a table (specify units)
Node Numbers/Key Coordinates
points X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 2000 0 0
3 4000 0 0
4 8000 0 0
Step4: Tabulate section parameters (based on Beam std. sections) and material properties
[Link]. Element No. Section Moment of Material No.
Parameters Inertia and value of E
(ANSYS) in MPa
1 1,2,3 B = 200mm & H 1.0667 x 10^(9) 200000 MPa
= 400 mm mm^4
Step 5: Sketch the FE model showing node numbers and element numbers
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Step 6: Nodal Displacements and rotations with units
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Tabulate the SFD, BMD & Reaction forces:
Nodal displacements and rotations with Units
Node No. UX UY UZ Rot X Rot Y Rot Z
1 0 0 0 0 0 Read from
Ansys
2 0 Read from 0 0 0 Read from
Ansys Ansys
3 0 -13.1224 0 0 0 Read from
Ansys
4 0 0 0 0 0 Read from
Ansys
Note: Highlight/ specify node with maximum displacements
SFD Diagram and its values:
BMD Diagram and its values:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Reaction forces:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Inference:
Conclusions:
1) Critical element/ location is Node 3 (x=4000 mm) and the stress value is 20.62 MPa.
2) Maximum displacement point / node is near Node 3 and value is 13.1224 mm.
3) Maximum shear force is 45500 N. and occurs at Node 4.
4) Maximum bending moment is 1.09E+09 N-mm and occurs at Node 3.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Exercise No. 3 b: Determine nodal deflections, reaction forces and plot SFD and BMD for the
beam shown below. Take E=20 X109N/m2 and Poisson’s ratio as 0.3.
Geometric Model:
20kN/m
40kN
40kN-m
40mm
5mm
3m 1m 2m 2m
20mm
FE Model:
1 2 3 4 5
GUI (Graphical User Interface) Procedure:
1) File – Clear & Start New – Do not read File – Ok.
2) File-Save as - Select suitable Drive - enter file name as ‘Beam5.
db’- ok.
3) ANSYS Main Menu - Preferences – Structural – ok.
(Used to specify type of analysis)
Preprocessing Steps:
4) ANSYS Main Menu - Preprocessor – Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add –
Beam – 2D elastic 3 – Beam3-ok – Close.
(Used to select type of finite element)
5) Preprocessor – Section – Beam – Common Sections – (Select Cross section type as
I and enter the dimensions) – apply – Preview – Close.
6) Preprocessor – Real Constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add –(enter the c/s area
of beam, moment of ok inertia IZZ and height of C/s) – close.
(Used to enter details of cross section of the element)
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
7) Preprocessor – Material Props – Material Models – Structural (double click) –
Linear – Elastic – Isotropic
EX – 20e3 (in exponential form)
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
PRXY – 0.3 - ok – Material – Exit.
(Used to enter Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the given material)
8) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – Nodes – In Active CS –
Node number - 1
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 0 0 0 - Apply
Node number - 2
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 3000 0 0 - Apply
Node number - 3
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 4000 0 0 - Apply
Node number - 4
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 6000 0 0 - Apply.
Node number - 5
X, Y, Z location in active CS – 8000 0 0 - Ok.
(Used to create nodes depending on given geometry)
9) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – Elements – auto numbered – Thru nodes –
(click on nodes 1 and 2,2and 3,3and 4,4and5) – ok.
(Used to create elements in active CS)
10) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Displacement – On
nodes – [Select (click) 1st and 5th node] – ok – (Select) UY – ok.
(Used to constraint nodes)
11) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Force/Moment – on
Nodes ––
Direction of force/moment FY
Select node 3-VALUE Force/moment value -40e3N(‘-ve’Value)
- Ok.
(Used to apply force or moments on nodes)
12) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Force/Moment – on
Nodes ––
Direction of force/moment
Mz
Select node 4-VALUE Moment value -40e3N(‘+ve’Value) -
Ok.
(Used to apply moments on nodes)
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
13) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Pressure on beam ––
Select 1st element- Pressure VALUE at node I -0N/m
Pressure VALUE at node J -20e3N/m –OK.
Processing:
14) Solution – Solve – Current LS –ok – Solution is done – Close.
(Used to solve the problem)
Post processing Steps:
15) General Postproc – Element Table – Define Table – Add – (Scroll down and
select) by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC, 2 –
Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,8 – Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,6 – Apply,
by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC,12 – Ok.
(SMISC 2,8 specifies elemental Shear Force and SMISC 6,12 specifies elemental
Bending Moment)
16) General Postproc – List Results – Nodal solutions – DOF solutions - Y-
component of displacement - ok
(Lists the displacements at each node)
17) General Postproc – Plot Results – Contour Plot – Line Element Results (select
SMISC 2 and SMISC 8 to Plot SFD) – ok.
18) General Postproc – Plot Results – Contour Plot – Line Element Results (select
SMISC 6and SMISC 12 to Plot BMD) – ok.
19) General Postproc – List Results – Reaction Solu – Struct force FY – OK.
(Displays the reaction forces at each constrained node)
20) PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed Shape – Ok.
(Animates the given model according to applied boundary conditions)
21) PlotCtrls – Symbols – All BC’s.
(Displays the all applied boundary conditions)
22) File – Save as – Select the Directory – [Link] – Ok.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Step1: Name and sketch the element to be used showing its degree of freedom
Step2: Sketch of the given beam. Show the origin and XYZ axes.
Step3: List the co-ordinates of key point / nodes in a table (specify units)
Node Numbers/Key Coordinates
points X Y Z
1
2
3
4
Step4: Tabulate section parameters (based on Beam std. sections) and material properties
[Link]. Element Section Moment of Inertia Material No. and
No. Parameters (ANSYS) value of E in MPa
Step 5: Sketch the FE model showing node numbers and element numbers
Step 6: Nodal Displacements and rotations with units
Tabulate the SFD, BMD & Reaction forces:
Nodal displacements and rotations with Units
Node No. UX UY UZ Rot X Rot Y Rot Z
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Note: Highlight/ specify node with maximum displacements
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
SFD Diagram and its values:
BMD Diagram and its values:
Reaction forces:
Inference:
Conclusions:
1) Critical element/ location is …………. and the stress value is………….
2) Maximum displacement point / node is ……………… and value is……………
3) Maximum shear force is …………. and occurs at ………..
4) Maximum bending moment is ……… and occurs at……………
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.