Research Methodology Assignment
Topic: Study Habits and Academic Performance of Students
Part 1: Introduction (Unit 1)
Objectives of the Study:
The objectives of the study describe the purpose of conducting the research.
1. To analyze the study habits of students.
This objective focuses on understanding how students plan their studies,
how many hours they spend studying, and whether they follow a proper
study routine.
2. To examine the relationship between study hours and academic
performance.
This objective aims to find out whether students who study for more hours
achieve better academic results compared to those who study less.
2. Research Problem:
The research problem explains the issue or situation that the researcher wants to
study.
In today’s academic environment, students follow different study habits and
routines. Some students study regularly and manage their time effectively, while
others study only before exams. Because of these different habits, students’
academic performance also varies. Some students who study for many hours get
good marks, while others may not perform well despite studying. Therefore, it
becomes important to understand whether study habits truly influence academic
performance. This research focuses on studying the connection between students’
study hours and their academic results.
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Research Methodology Assignment
3. Type of Research:
The type of research used in this study is Descriptive Research.
Descriptive research is used to describe the characteristics or behavior of a group
of people. It helps in collecting information about what currently exists without
changing the environment. In this research, the study habits and academic
performance of students are observed and described using collected data. The study
simply analyzes the data and explains the relationship between study hours and
marks obtained by students.
4. Characteristics of Good Research:
1. Systematic
Good research follows a proper step-by-step process. The researcher collects
data, analyzes it, and presents the results in an organized manner.
2. Objective
Research should be based on facts and evidence rather than personal
opinions or bias.
3. Accurate and Reliable
The data collected should be correct and dependable so that the results of the
research can be trusted.
4. Replicable
A good research study should be designed in such a way that other
researchers can repeat the study and obtain similar results.
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Research Methodology Assignment
Part 2: Sampling (Unit 2)
1. Difference Between Census and Sample:
Census Sample
Census refers to collecting data Sample refers to collecting data from a
from the entire population. small portion of the population.
It takes more time, effort, and cost. It requires less time and cost.
It provides complete information It provides estimated information based
about the population. on selected individuals.
For example, if we collect data from all students in a college, it is a census. If
we collect data from only a few selected students, it is a sample.
2. Sampling Method Used:
The sampling method used in this research is Simple Random Sampling.
In this method, every student in the population has an equal chance of being
selected for the study. The researcher randomly selects participants without any
bias. This method helps in obtaining fair and unbiased data from the population.
3. Population Size and Sample Size:
Population Size: 50 students
Sample Size: 5 students
The population refers to the entire group of students who could be studied in the
research. However, studying every student may take too much time and effort.
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Research Methodology Assignment
Therefore, a smaller group of 5 students was randomly selected as the sample
for this research.
4. Measurement Scale Used:
Different types of measurement scales are used in research to measure data.
In this study, the following scales are used:
Ratio Scale
The ratio scale is used to measure study hours because it has a true zero point.
For example, if a student studies 0 hours, it means no study time.
Interval Scale
Marks obtained by students are measured on an interval scale because the
difference between marks is meaningful and can be compared.
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Research Methodology Assignment
Part 3: Data Collection and Analysis (Unit 3)
1. Method of Data Collection:
The method used for collecting data in this research is the Questionnaire
Method.
A questionnaire is a list of questions prepared by the researcher to collect
information from participants. It helps in gathering data easily and
systematically. In this study, a questionnaire containing simple questions about
study habits was given to selected students. The students answered the
questions, and the responses were used for analysis.
2. Questionnaire (Sample Questions):
The following questions were asked to the students:
1. How many hours do you study daily?
2. Do you follow a fixed study timetable?
3. How often do you revise your subjects?
4. Do you prefer studying alone or in a group?
5. Do you think studying more hours improves your marks?
These questions help in understanding the study habits and attitudes of students
toward their studies.
3. Sample Data Table:
The following table shows the data collected from 5 students.
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Research Methodology Assignment
Student Study Hours (per day) Marks (%)
Student 1 2 60
Student 2 3 65
Student 3 4 70
Student 4 5 75
Student 5 6 80
From this table, we can observe that as the study hours increase, the marks also
increase.
4. Calculation of Mean:
Mean of Study Hours:
Study Hours =
2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 20
Formula:
Mean = Sum of values / Number of values
Mean Study Hours =
20 / 5 = 4 hours
This means that the average study time of students in this sample is 4 hours per
day.
Mean of Marks:
Marks =
60 + 65 + 70 + 75 + 80 = 350
Mean Marks =
350 / 5 = 70%
This means that the average marks obtained by students in the sample is 70%.
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Research Methodology Assignment
Part 4: Hypothesis Testing (Unit 4)
1. Hypothesis:
A hypothesis is a statement that can be tested using data.
Null Hypothesis (H₀):
There is no relationship between study hours and academic performance of
students.
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):
There is a relationship between study hours and academic performance of
students.
The purpose of hypothesis testing is to determine whether the collected data
supports or rejects the null hypothesis.
2. Steps of Hypothesis Testing:
Formulate the hypotheses
Define the null hypothesis (H₀) and alternative hypothesis (H₁).
Select the level of significance
Choose a significance level, usually 0.05, which represents the probability of
rejecting a true hypothesis.
Choose the statistical test
Select an appropriate test depending on the data and research design.
Collect and analyze the data
Gather data from participants and organize it for analysis.
Calculate the test statistic
Apply statistical formulas to determine the result.
Make a decision
Compare the calculated value with the critical value to accept or reject the null
hypothesis.
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Research Methodology Assignment
3. Limitations of Hypothesis Testing:
Depends on sample size
If the sample size is too small, the results may not represent the entire
population accurately.
Possibility of error
Hypothesis testing may sometimes lead to incorrect conclusions due to
statistical errors or limitations in data collection.
Conclusion:
This research study focused on analyzing the study habits and academic
performance of students. The data collected from the sample shows that
students who spend more time studying tend to obtain higher marks in
examinations. The average study hours of students were found to be 4 hours per
day, and the average marks obtained were 70%.
Although the results indicate a positive relationship between study hours and
academic performance, other factors such as teaching methods, learning
environment, and student motivation may also influence academic success.
Therefore, students should develop effective study habits and maintain
consistency in their studies to improve their academic performance.
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Research Methodology Assignment