SECTION-A

Q1. Galvanisation is a method of protecting iron from rusting by coating it with a thin layer of
(a) gallium
(b) aluminium
(c) zinc
(d) Silver

Q2. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid
in:
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Golgi body

Q3. Which of the following is a characteristic of metals?

(a) They have one to three valence electrons
(b) They have 4 to 8 valence electrons
(c) They are brittle
(d) They are capable of forming anions easily

Q4. Which of the following statements accurately describes the V – I graphs plotted by a student for
three samples of nichrome wire with resistances R1, R2, and R3?

(a) R1 = R2 = R3
(b) R1 > R2 > R3
(c) R3 > R2 > R1
(d) R2 > R1 > R3

Q5. fission is a reproductive strategy observed in certain organisms. Which of the following
statements accurately describes multiple fission?
(a) Multiple fission is a type of asexual reproduction where a single-parent organism divides into
multiple offsprings simultaneously.
(b) Multiple fission is a type of sexual reproduction where two parent organisms fuse their genetic
material to produce multiple offsprings.
(c) Multiple fission is a process where a single-celled organism divides into two identical daughter
cells.
(d) Multiple fission is a process where multiple cells fuse to form a larger, multicellular organism.

Q6. A student connects an ammeter in series with a resistor in a circuit and observes that the
ammeter reading is zero. Which of the following statements could explain this observation?
(a) The resistor is not functioning properly.
(b) The ammeter is faulty or not connected correctly.
(c) There is no electric current flowing through the circuit.
(d) The ammeter has reached its maximum reading and cannot measure higher currents.

Q7. A plant is grown in a sealed container with a controlled environment containing carbon dioxide,
water, and sunlight. After some time, the plant starts to show growth and produces oxygen. Which of
the following statements is most likely true?
(a) The plant is undergoing photosynthesis, a form of autotrophic nutrition.

(b) The plant is obtaining nutrients from the surrounding soil, a form of heterotrophic nutrition.

(c) The plant is undergoing cellular respiration, a form of heterotrophic nutrition.

(d) The plant is absorbing nutrients directly from the air, a form of autotrophic nutrition.

Q8. Which one of the following sets of options correctly depicts reproduction in Amoeba and yeast,
respectively?
(a) Budding and binary fission
(b) Binary fission and budding
(c) Multiple fission and binary fission
(d) Fragmentation and grafting

Q9. If we place the magnetic compass near the north pole of the magnet, which pole of the needle
will point towards it?

(a) North pole

(b) South pole
(c) Keep deflecting
(d) None of these

Q10. In a circuit,
(a) ammeter and voltmeter, both are connected in series.
(b) ammeter is connected in parallel, and the voltmeter in series.
(c) ammeter is connected in series, and voltmeter in parallel.
(d) ammeter and voltmeter, both are connected in parallel.

Q11. A patient was diagnosed with a condition that resulted in the obstruction of the bile duct. As a
result, the patient experienced symptoms such as jaundice and fatty stools. Which of the following is
the primary function of bile juice that is impaired in the patient with a blocked bile duct?
(a) Emulsification of fats
(b) Neutralization of stomach acid
(c) Activation of digestive enzymes
(d) Absorption of water and electrolyte

Q12. Which hormone is responsible for the production of secondary sexual characteristics in boys?
(a) Estrogen
(b) Adrenaline
(c) Testosterone
(d) Thyroxine

Q13. The opening and closing of stomatal pores depends upon :

(a) Oxygen
(b) Water in guard cells
(c) Concentration of carbon dioxide in stomata
(d) Temperature

Q14. Raj observed that after the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, sodium
chloride and water are formed. Then, he searched for sodium chloride. Some of his statements about
NaCl salt are given below.
I. It is also prepared by the chlor-alkali process.
II. It is a neutral salt, having a pH value = 7.
III. It is a white crystalline solid.
IV. It is also called rock salt.
Select the correct statement(s).
(a) I, II and IV
(b) II, III and IV
(c) II and III
(d) III and IV

Q15. Bleaching powder gives the smell of chlorine due to

(a) formation of chlorine on exposure to the atmosphere
(b) instability of bleaching powder
(c) formation of excess of chlorine
(d) displacement reaction

Q16. What is the correct sequence of components of the reflex arc?

(A) Sensory afferent nerve
(B) Relay neuron
(C) Motor nerve
(D) Receptor organ
(E) Effector, e.g. muscle
(a) D → C → B → A → E
(b) D → A → B → C → E
(c) E → B → E → A → D
(d) E → C → A → D → B

Directions (Q. Nos. 17-20) Consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions by selecting the appropriate option given below.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Q17. Assertion (A): Carbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide which is an acidic oxide.
Reason (R): Non-metals form acidic oxides.
Q18. Assertion: Photosynthesis is considered as an exothermic reaction.
Reason: Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because sunlight is absorbed by green plants
during this process.

Q19. Assertion: It is possible to correct the refractive defects with contact lenses or through surgical
interventions.
Reason: The eye lens is composed of fibrous jelly-like material.

Q20. Assertion: The rate of photosynthesis will be lowered if the leaves are coated with oil.
Reason: Stomata gets blocked and thus gaseous exchange is affected.

SECTION-B

Q21. Differentiate between acids and bases.

Q22. (i) What is translocation? Why is it essential for plants?

(ii) Where do the substances in plants reach as a result of translocation?

Q23. In an electrical circuit, two resistors of 2 Ω and 4 Ω are connected in series to a 6V battery. Find
the heat dissipated by the 4 Ω resistor in 5 s.

Q24. Compound A oxidizes in the presence of a strong oxidizing agent to produce an acid that is
present in ants. Write the formula and IUPAC names of both compounds.

Q25. A student is viewing under a microscope a permanent slide showing various stages of asexual
reproduction by budding in yeast. Draw a diagram of her observation, in correct sequence.

Q26. A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into three equal parts. These parts are then connected in
parallel. If the equivalent resistance of this parallel combination is R1, what is the value of the ratio
R1 : R?

SECTION-C

Q27. The given reaction shows one of the processes to extract the metals like iron and manganese.
MnO2 (s) + Al (s) → Mn (l) + Al2O3 (s) + Heat
(i) Give a reason why the above reaction is known as a thermite reaction.
(ii) Identify the substance oxidized and reduced in the above reaction.
(iii) Give a reason why aluminium is preferably used in thermite reactions.

Q28. Some plants like pea plants have tendrils which help them to climb up other plants. Explain how
it is done. Name the plant hormone responsible for this movement.

Q29. An electric motor rated 1100 W is connected to 220 V mains. Find:

(a) The current drawn from the mains.
(b) Electric energy consumed if the motor is used for 5 hours daily for 6 days.
(c) Total cost of energy consumed if the rate of one unit is ₹ 5.

Q30. (a) Draw the structure of the following compounds.

(i) Butanoic acid
(ii) Chloropentane

Q31. A student fixed a straight thick copper wire between two terminals of a battery. He placed a
magnetic compass near the current carrying copper wire. Then, he observed that the position of the
compass needle changed slightly.
(a) What is the phenomenon by which the compass needle gets deflected?
(b) What does the change in the position of the compass needle indicate?
(c) If we change the direction of current through the wire, then how does the position of the
compass needle change?

Q32. Explain with the help of a flowchart, how does aerobic and anaerobic respiration take place?

Q33. Consider the given circuit and find the current flowing in the circuit and the potential
difference across the 15 Ω resistor when the circuit is closed.

SECTION-D

Q34. During the reaction of some metals with dilute hydrochloric acid, the following observations
were made by a student:
(i) Silver does not show any change.
(ii) Some bubbles of a gas are seen when lead is reacted with the acid.
(iii) The reaction of sodium is found to be highly explosive.
(iv) The temperature of the reaction mixture rises when aluminium is added to the acid.
Explain these observations giving appropriate reasons, with equations for each.

Q35. (i) What is the placenta? Describe its structure. State its functions in the case of a pregnant
human female.

(ii) What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Q36. (i) What is persistence of vision?

(ii) Define the term, angle of deviation.
(iii) Define the term power of accommodation. Write the modification in the curvature of the eye
lens which enables us to see the nearby objects clearly?

SECTION-E

Q37. An insulated copper wire wound on a cylindrical cardboard tube such that its length is greater
than its diameter is called a solenoid. When an electric current is passed through the solenoid, it
produces a magnetic field around it. The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying solenoid is
similar to the magnetic field produced by a bar magnet.

(i) The strength of magnetic field inside a long current -carrying straight solenoid is
(a) more at the ends than at the centre
(b) minimum in the middle
(c) same at all points
(d) found to increase from one end to the other.

(ii) The north-south polarities of an electromagnet can be found easily by using

(a) Fleming's right-hand rule (b) Fleming's left-hand rule

(c) Clock face rule (d) Left-hand thumb rule

(iii) For a current in a long straight solenoid N-and S-poles are created at the two ends.
Among the following statements, the incorrect statement is
(a) The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of straight lines which indicates that the
magnetic field is the same at all points inside the solenoid.
(b) The strong magnetic field produced inside the solenoid can be used to magnetise a piece of
magnetic material like soft iron, when placed inside the coil.
(c) The pattern of the magnetic field associated with the solenoid is different from the pattern of the
magnetic field around a bar magnet.
(d) The N- and S-poles exchange position when the direction of current through the solenoid is
reversed.

(iv) A long solenoid carrying a current produces a magnetic field B along its axis. If the current is
double and the number of turns per cm is halved, then new value of magnetic field is

(a) B (b) 2B (c) 4B (d) B/2

Q38. When a human female reaches the age of puberty, a sexual cycle starts which is marked by
vaginal bleeding for few days at regular time interval.
(i) What is the sexual cycle in human female that is taking place in reproductive organs in every 28
days andmarked by bleeding?

(a) Breeding cycle (b) Oestrous cycle

(c) Menstrual cycle (d) Reproductive cycle

(ii) What is the scientific term used for the vaginal bleeding occurring in females at regular interval?

(a) Implantation (b) Menstruation

(c) Ovulation (d) Fertilisation

(iii) What is the duration of menstrual cycle in human females?

(a) 10 days (b) 15 days

(c) 60 days (d) 28 days

(iv) Why does vaginal bleeding occur in human females on attaining puberty?
(a) Unfertilised egg along with thick uterus lining come out of vagina in form of bleeding
(b) In human females, ovaries start releasing egg or ovum once every 28 days from the age of
puberty.
(c) If fertilisation does not occur then menstrual flow occurs at the end of cycle
(d) All of these

(v) In what conditions vaginal bleeding will not occur in a human female who has attained puberty?
(a) If the female gets pregnant
(b) If there is some hormonal imbalance in female
(c) If the ovum is not fertilised
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Q39. pH is quite useful to us in a number of ways in daily life. Some of its applications are:

Control of pH of the soil: Plants need a specific pH range for proper growth. The soil may be acidic,
basic or neutral depending upon the relative concentration of H+ and OH-. The pH of any soil can be
determined by using pH paper. If the soil is too acidic, it can be corrected by adding lime to it. If the
soil is too basic, it can be corrected by adding organic manure which contains acidic materials

Regaining shine of a tarnished copper vessel by use of acids: A copper vessel gets tarnished due to
formation of an oxide layer on its surface. On rubbing lemon on the vessel, the surface is cleaned and
the vessel begins to shine again. This is due to the fact that copper oxide is basic in nature, which
reacts with the acid (citric acid) present in lemon to form a salt (copper citrate) which is washed
away with water. As a result, the layer of copper oxide is removed from the surface of the vessel and
the shining surface is exposed

(i) When black copper oxide placed in a beaker is treated with dilute HCl, its colour changes to

(a) white (b) dark red (c) bluish green (c) bluish green (d) no change

(ii) P is an aqueous solution of acid and Q is an aqueous solution of base. When these two are diluted
separately, then

(a) pH of P increases while that of Q decreases till neutralisation

(b) pH of P decreases while that of Q increases till neutralisation

(c) pH of both P and Q decrease

(d) pH of both P and Q increase

(iii) Which of the following acids is present in bee sting?

(a) Formic acid (c) Citric acid (b) Acetic acid

(b) Acetic acid (d) Hydrochloric acid

(iv) Sting of ant can be cured by rubbing the affected area with soap because

(a) it contains oxalic acid which neutralises the effect of formic acid

(b) it contains aluminium hydroxide which neutralises the effect of formic acid

(c) it contains sodium hydroxide which neutralises the effect of formic acid

(d) none of these

(v) The pH of soil X is 7.5 while that of soil Y is 4.5. Which of the two soils, should be treated with
powdered chalk to adjust its pH?
(a) X only (b) Y only (c) Both X and Y (d) None of these