PRACTICE EXERCISE

MCQ Q8. An ideal coil of 10H is connected in Series with a resistance

of 5Ω and a battery of 5V. 2second after the connection
is made, the current flowing in ampere in the circuit is
Q1. In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage across R is 100
(a) (1 − 𝑒 −1 )(b) (1 − 𝑒)
volts and R = 1 𝑘Ω with C = 2𝜇𝐹. The resonant frequency
(c) 𝑒(d) 𝑒 −1
𝜔 is 200 rad/s. At resonance, the voltage across L is
(a) 2.5 × 10−2 V (b) 40 𝑉 Q9. For an LCR series circuit with an A.C. source of angular
(c) 250 𝑉 (d) 4 × 10−3 𝑉 frequency 𝜔
1
Q2. The r.m.s. value of potential difference 𝑉 shown in the (a) circuit will be capacitive if 𝜔 >
√𝐿𝐶
1
figure is (b) circuit will be inductive if 𝜔 =
√𝐿𝐶
(c) Power factor of circuit will be unity if capacitive
reactance equals inductive reactance
1
(d) current will be leading voltage if 𝜔 >
√𝐿𝐶

𝑉0
(a) (b) 𝑉0
√3
𝑉0 𝑉0
(c) (d)
√2 2
Q3. An alternating voltage V = 𝑉0 sin 𝜔𝑡 is applied across a
𝜋
circuit. As a result, a current 𝐼 = 𝐼0 sin (𝜔𝑡 − ) flows in
2
it. The power consumed per cycle is Q10. The r.m.s. value of potential V difference V shown in the
(a) Zero (b) 0.5𝑉0 𝐼0 figure is
(c) 0.707 𝑉0 𝐼0 (d) 1.414 𝑉0 𝐼0 (a) 𝑉0 (b) 𝑉0 /√2
Q4. A coil of inductance 300 mH and resistance 2Ω is connected (c) 𝑉0 /2 (d) 𝑉0 /√3
to a source of voltage 2V. The current half of its steady Q11. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?
state value in (a) If the resonance is less sharp, not only is the
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.05 s maximum current less, the circuit is close to
(c) 0.3 s (d) 0.15 s resonance for a larger range Δ𝜔 of frequencies and
Q5. A bulb is rated at 100 V, 100 W, it can be treated as a the tuning of the circuit will not be good.
resistor. Find out the inductance of an inductor (called (b) Less sharp the resonance less is the selectivity of the
choke coil) that should be connected in series with the bulb circuit or vice-versa.
to operate the bulb at its rated power with the help of an ac (c) If quality factor is large, i.e., R is low or L is large, the
source of 200 V and 50 Hz. circuit is more selective.
𝜋
(a) 𝐻 (b) 100 H (d) Below resonance, voltage leads the current while
√3
√2 √3 above it, current leads the voltage.
(c) 𝐻 (d) 𝐻
𝜋 𝜋
Q12. A lamp consumes only 50% of peak power in an a.c.
Q6. Two cables of copper are of equal lengths. One of them
circuit. What is the phase difference between the applied
has a single wire of area of cross-section 𝐴, while other
voltage and the circuit current?
has 10 wires of cross-sectional area 𝐴/10 each. Give their 𝜋 𝜋
suitability for transporting A.C. and D.C. (a) (b)
6 3
𝜋 𝜋
(a) only multiple strands for A.C., either for D.C. (c) (d)
4 2
(b) only multiple strands for A.C., only single strand for Q11. A step-down transformer reduces 220 V to 110 V. the
D.C. primary draws 5 ampere of current and secondary
(c) only single strand for D.C., either for A.C. supplies 9 ampere. The efficiency of transformer is
(d) only single strand for A.C., either for D.C. (a) 20% (b) 44%
Q7. Large transformers, when used for some time, become (c) 90% (d) 100%
hot and are cooled by circulating oil. The heating of Q12. A coil has resistance 30 ohm and inductive reactance 20
transformer is due to ohm at 50 Hz frequency. If an ac source, of 200-volt, 100
(a) heating effect of current alone
Hz, is connected across the coil, the current in the coil will
(b) hysteresis loss alone
be
(c) both the hysteresis loss and heating effect of current
(d) None of the above (a) 4.0𝐴 (b) 8.0A
 20
(c) 𝐴 (d) 2.0𝐴 Q24. The time constant of 𝐶-𝑅 circuit is
√13
(a) 1/𝐶𝑅 (b) 𝐶/𝑅
Q13. A.C. power is transmitted from a power house at a high (c) 𝐶𝑅 (d) 𝑅/𝐶
voltage as
Q25. When the key 𝐾 is pressed at time 𝑡 = 0, then which of the
(a) the rate of transmission is faster at high voltages
following statement about the current 𝐼 in the resistor 𝐴𝐵
(b) it is more economical due to less power loss
of the given circuit is true?
(c) power cannot be transmitted at low voltages
(d) a precaution against theft of transmission lines
Q14. A transformer has an efficiency of 80%. It works at 4 kW
and 100 V. If secondary voltage is 240 V, the current in
primary coil is
(a) 0.4 A (b) 4 A
(c) 10 A (d) 40 A
(a) 𝐼 oscillates between 1 mA and 2 mA
Q15. A 12 Ω resistor and a 0.21 Henry inductor are connected (b) At 𝑡 = 0, 𝐼 = 2 mA and with time it goes to 1 mA
in series to an a.c. source operating at 20 volts, 50 cycle. (c) 𝐼 = 1 mA at all 𝑡
The phase angle between the current and source voltage (d) 𝐼 = 2 mA at all 𝑡.
is
(a) 300 (b) 400
0
(c) 80 (d) 90 0 ASSERTION AND REASONING
Q16. In LCR series circuit fed by a DC source, how does the
amplitude of charge oscillations vary with time during Directions: Each of these questions contain two statements,
discharge? Assertion and Reason. Each of these questions also has four
alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You
have to select one of the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct
explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
Q17. What is the value of inductance L for which the current is correct explanation for assertion
maximum in a series LCR circuit with (c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
C = 10 𝜇𝐹 and 𝜔 = 1000𝑠 −1 ? (d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
(a) 1 mH Q1. Assertion: Average value of ac over a complete cycle is
(b) cannot be calculated unless R is known always zero.
(c) 10 mH Reason: Average value of ac is always defined over half
(d) 100 mH cycle
Q18. The voltage of an ac source varies with time according to Q2. Assertion: The voltage and current in a series AC circuit
the equation V = 100 sin 100 𝜋𝑡 cos 100 𝜋𝑡 cos 100 𝜋𝑡 are given by 𝑉 = 𝑉0 sin 𝜔t and 𝑖 = 𝑖0 cos 𝜔𝑡. The power
where t is in seconds and V is in volt. Then dissipated in the circuit is zero.
(a) the peak voltage of the source is 100 volt 𝑉𝑖
Reason: Power in AC circuit is given by 𝑃 = 0 0 cos 𝜙.
(b) the peak voltage of the source is 50 volt 2

(c) the peak voltage of the source is 100/ √2 volt Q3. Assertion: The alternating current lags behind the emf by
𝜋
(d) the frequency of the source is 50 Hz a phase angle of , when AC flows through an inductor.
2
Q19. A 100 𝜇𝐹 capacitor in series with a 40Ω resistance is Reason: The inductive reactance increases as the
connected to a 110 V, 60 Hz supply. frequency of AC source increases.
What is the maximum current in the circuit? Q4. Assertion: The inductive reactance limits amplitude of the
(a) 3.24 A (b) 4.25 A current in a purely inductive circuit. Reason: The inductive
(c) 2.25 A (d) 5.20 A reactance is independent of the frequency of the current
Q20. The core of any transformer is laminated so as to Q5. Assertion: A laminated core is used in transformers to
(a) reduce the energy loss due to eddy currents increase eddy currents. Reason: The efficiency of a
(b) make it light weight transformer increases with increase in eddy currents.
(c) make it robust and strong
(d) increase the secondary voltage VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q23. In an A.C. circuit, 𝐼rms and 𝐼0 are related as
Q1. Define capacitor reactance. Write its SI units?
(a) 𝐼rms = 𝜋𝐼0 (b) 𝐼rms = √2 𝐼0
(c) 𝐼rms = 𝐼0 /𝜋 (d) 𝐼rms = 𝐼0 /√2
Q2. Why is the use of ac voltage preferred over dc voltage? Q4. If an AC main supply is given to be 220 V. What would be
Give two reasons. the average emf during a positive half-cycle?
Q3. What is wattless current? Q5. A resistor and a capacitor are connected in series with an
Q4. Mention the two characteristic properties of the material a.c. source. If the potential drop across the capacitor is 5
suitable for making core of a transformer. V and that across resistor is 12 V, find the applied voltage.
Q6. The instantaneous value of current in an A.C. circuit is I =
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 2 sin(100 π𝑡 + π/3)A. Then find the initial time at which
current will be maximum.
Q1. Explain why the reactance provided by a capacitor to an 0.4
alternating current decrease with increasing frequency. Q7. In an L – R circuit, the value of 𝐿 is ( ) henry and the
π
Q2. Explain why the reactance offered by an inductor value of 𝑅 is 30 ohms. If in the circuit, an alternating emf
increases with increasing frequency of an alternating of 200 volts at 50 cycles per sec is connected, then
voltage. determine the impedance of the circuit and current.
Q8. One 10 V, 60 W bulb is to be connected to 100 V line. Then
find the value of self-inductance that required for
NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS
induction coil (𝑓 = 50 Hz)
Q1. A charged 40 𝜇F capacitor is connected to a 16 mH Q9. If the voltage in an ac circuit is represented by the
inductor. What is the angular frequency of free equation, 𝑉 = 220√2 sin(314t − ϕ), then determine
oscillations of the circuit? the Average voltage.
Q2. In an AC circuit, the instantaneous values of emf and Q10. A series 𝐿𝐶𝑅 circuit is connected to an ac voltage source.
current are 𝜀 = 200 sin 314t V and I = sin (314t + 𝜋/3) A. When 𝐿 is removed from the circuit, the phase difference
Then find the average power consumed. between current and voltage is 𝜋/3. If instead 𝐶 is
Q3. In series R-L-C circuit, L = 1.00 mH, C = 1.00 nF and R= 200 removed from the circuit, the phase difference is again
Ω. For, the source applied with 𝑉𝑚 = 100 V, then 𝜋/3 between current and voltage. Then determine the
determine the resonant frequency. value of power factor of the circuit.
 HOMEWORK EXERCISE
series produces oscillations of frequency 𝑓. If 𝐿 is doubled
MCQ and 𝐶 is changed to 4𝐶, the frequency will be
(a) 𝑓/2(b) 𝑓/4
Q1. A coil of self-inductance 𝐿 is connected in series with a (c) 8𝑓(d) 𝑓/2√2
bulb 𝐵 and an 𝐴𝐶 source. Brightness of the bulb
decreases when Q9. The primary of a transformer when connected to a dc
(a) a capacitance of reactance 𝑋𝐶 = 𝑋𝐿 is included in the battery of 10 volt draws a current of 1 mA. The number of
turns of the primary and secondary windings are 50 and
same circuit.
100 respectively. The voltage in the secondary and the
(b) an iron rod is inserted in the coil.
(c) frequency of the 𝐴𝐶 source is decreased. current drawn by the circuit in the secondary are
(d) number of turns in the coil is reduced. respectively
(a) 20 V and 2.0 mA (b) 10 V and 0.5 mA
Q2. A circuit when connected to an AC source of 12 V gives a (c) Zero volt and therefore no current(d) 20 V and 0.5 mA
current of 0.2 A. The same circuit when connected to a DC
source of 12 V, gives a current of 0.4 A. The circuit is Q10. The primary and secondary coils of a transformer have 50
and 1500 turns respectively. If the magnetic flux ϕ linked
(a) series 𝐿𝑅 (b) series 𝑅𝐶
with the primary coil is given by ϕ = ϕ0 + 4𝑡, where ϕ is
(c) series 𝐿𝐶 (d) series 𝐿𝐶𝑅
in webers, 𝑡 is time in seconds and ϕ0 is a constant, the
Q3. An ac voltage is applied to a resistance 𝑅 and an inductor output voltage across the secondary coil is
𝐿 in series. If 𝑅 and the inductive reactance are both equal (a) 120 volts (b) 220 volts
to 3 Ω, the phase difference between the applied voltage (c) 30 volts (d) 90 volts
and the current in the circuit is
(a) 𝜋/6 (b) 𝜋/4 Q11. Figure shows a circuit that contains three identical
resistors with resistance 𝑅 = 9.0 Ω each, two identical
(c) 𝜋/2 (d) zero
inductors with inductance 𝐿 = 2.0 mH each, and an ideal
Q4. What is the value of inductance 𝐿 for which the current is battery with emf 𝜀 = 18 V. The current 𝑖 through the
maximum in a series 𝐿𝐶𝑅 circuit with 𝐶 = 10 μF and ω = battery just after the switch closed is
1000 s −1 ?
(a) 1 mH
(b) cannot be calculated unless 𝑅 is known
(c) 10 mH
(d) 100 mH
Q5. The instantaneous values of alternating current and
voltages in a circuit are given as (a) 0.2 A (b) 4 A
1
𝑖 = sin(100 𝜋𝑡) ampere (c) 0 ampere (d) 2 mA
√2
1 𝜋
𝑒 = sin (100 𝜋𝑡 + ) volt Q12. A 40 μF capacitor is connected to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac supply.
√2 3
The average power in watts consumed in the circuit is The r.m.s value of the current in the circuit is, nearly
1 √3 (a) 1.7 A (b) 2.05 A
(a) (b) (c) 2.5 A (d) 25.1 A
4 4
1 1
(c) (d) Q13. In an ac circuit an alternating voltage 200√2 sin 100𝑡
2 8
Q6. In an a.c. circuit the e.m.f. (𝜀) and the current (𝑖) at any volts is connected to a capacitor of capacity 1 μF. The
instant are given respectively by r.m.s. value of the current in the circuit is
𝑒 = 𝐸0 sin ω𝑡, 𝑖 = 𝐼0 sin(ω𝑡 − ϕ) (a) 10 mA (b) 100 mA
The average power in the circuit over one cycle of a.c. is (c) 200 mA (d) 20 mA
𝐸 𝐼
(a) 0 0 cos ϕ (b) 𝐸0 𝐼0 Q14. A series 𝑅-𝐶 circuit is connected to an alternating voltage
2
𝐸0 𝐼0 𝐸0 𝐼0 source. Consider two situations
(c) (d) sin ϕ
2 2 (i) When capacitor is air filled.
Q7. The potential differences across the resistance, (ii) When capacitor is mica filled.
capacitance and inductance are 80 V, 40 V and 100 V Current through resistor is 𝑖 and voltage across capacitor
respectively in an 𝐿-𝐶-𝑅 circuit. The power factor of this is 𝑉 then
circuit is (a) 𝑖𝑎 > 𝑖𝑏 (b) 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉𝑏
(a) 0.4 (b) 0.5 (c) 𝑉𝑎 < 𝑉𝑏 (d) 𝑉𝑎 > 𝑉𝑏
(c) 0.8 (d) 1.0
Q15. The value of quality factor is
Q8. A transistor-oscillator using a resonant circuit with an 𝜔𝐿 1
(a) (b)
inductor 𝐿 (of negligible resistance) and a capacitor 𝐶 in 𝑅 𝜔𝑅𝐶
(c) √𝐿𝐶 (d) 𝐿/𝑅
 Q2. State the principle of working of a transformer. Can a
ASSERTION AND REASONING transformer be used to step up or step down a dc voltage?
Directions: Each of these questions contain two statements, Justify your answer.
Assertion and Reason. Each of these questions also has four
alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS
have to select one of the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct Q1. If E = 20 sin (100 t) volt then calculate value of E at t =
explanation for assertion. 1
𝑠
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a correct 600
𝜋
explanation for assertion Q2. If Phase Difference between E and I is and f = 50 Hz then
4
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect calculate time difference.
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Q3. A 50 W, 100 V lamp is to be connected to an AC main of
Q1. Assertion: A capacitor is connected to a direct current 200 V, 50 Hz. What capacitance is essential to be put in
source. Its reactance is infinite. series with the lamp?
1
Reason: Reactance of a capacitor is given by 𝑋𝐶 = Q4. Calculate the impedance of the circuit shown in the
𝜔𝐶
Q2. Assertion: In a purely inductive or capacitive circuit, the figure.
current is referred to as wattless current.
Reason: No power is dissipated in a purely inductive or
capacitive circuit even though a current is flowing in the
circuit.
Q3. Assertion: The power in an ac circuit is minimum if the
circuit has only a resistor. Q5. When 10V, DC is applied across a coil current through it is
Reason: Power of a circuit is independent of the phase 2.5 A, if 10V, 50 Hz A.C. is applied current reduce to 2 A.
Q4. Assertion: When the frequency of the AC source in an LCR Calculate reactance of the coil
circuit equals the resonant frequency, the reactance of Q6. In LCR circuit with an AC source R = 300 , C = 20 F, L =
the circuit is zero, and so there is no current through the
1.0 H, Erms = 50V and f = 50/ Hz. Find RMS current in the
inductor or the capacitor.
circuit.
Reason: The net current in the inductor and capacitor is
zero. Q7. A coil, a capacitor and an A C. source of rms voltage 24 V
Q5. Assertion: In series LCR resonance circuit, the impedance are connected in series, By varying the frequency of the
is equal to the ohmic resistance. source, a maximum rms current 6 A is observed, If this coil
Reason: At resonance, the inductive reactance exceeds is connected to a battery of emf 12 V, and internal
the capacitive reactance. resistance 40, then calculate the current through the coil.
Q8. An LC circuit contains a 20mH inductor and a 50F
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS capacitor with an initial charge of 10mC. The resistance
of the circuit is negligible. Let the instant the circuit is
Q1. Both alternating current and direct current are measured closed to be t = 0
in amperes. But how is the ampere defined for an (a) What is the total energy stored initially.
alternating current? (b) What is the natural frequency of the circuit.
Q2. Define power factor. State the conditions under which it (c) At what minimum time is the energy stored is
is (i) maximum and (ii) minimum. completely magnetic.
Q3. When an ac source is connected to an ideal inductor show (d) At what minimum time is the total energy shared
that the average power supplied by the source over a equally between inductor and th capacitor.
complete cycle is zero. Q9. A circuit is set up by connecting inductance 𝐿 = 100mH,
Q4. When an 𝑎𝑐 source is connected to an ideal capacitor, resistor 𝑅 = 100Ω and a capacitor of reactance 200Ω in
show that the average power supplied by the source over series. An alternating emf of 150√2 V, 500/𝜋Hz is
a complete cycle is zero. applied across this series combination. Calculate the
Q5. The current flowing through a pure inductor of power dissipated in the resistor.
inductance 2mH is 𝑖 = 15cos 300𝑡 ampere. What is the
Q10. A capacitor of unknown capacitance, a resistor of 100Ω
(i) rms and (ii) average value of current for a complete 4
cycle? and an inductor of self inductance 𝐿 = ( 2 ) henry is
𝜋
connected in series to an ac source of 200 V and 50 Hz.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Calculate the value of the capacitance and impedance of
the circuit when the current is in phase with the voltage.
Q1. State the underlying principle of a transformer. How is the Calculate the power dissipated in the circuit.
large-scale transmission of electric energy over long
distances done with the use of transformers?