Abstract
The study of this research was conducted in Arsi Negelle woreda, West Arsi zone, Oromiya,
Ethiopia. two stage random sampling was used to select the [Link] Objective of this
research, intended to assess factors affecting food security in both contributing the productivity
and possible determinants in reducing food security of rural households From four rural
kebeles319HH that were considered by the AWAO as more vulnerable to food insecurity
randomly selected. The major research question of the study was what were the determinant
factors affecting food security of the households? Household survey, FGD, KII and field
observation were employed to get primary/secondary qualitative and quantitative data.
According to the HH survey results, the. Sex of the household, age group, family size, education
level and number of oxen, the land holding size significantly affected the allocation of land to
crop production. Descriptive results show that the annual food deficits among the families of
80% of the sample households. This study investigated how smallholder farmers perceive climate
change, what they practice, and factors that influence their adaptation decisions. The sex,
cultivated land size, herd size, total income per adult equivalent, weather condition and soil
fertility have a significant negative effect while, adaptation strategies, off/non-farm income
found to have a statistically significant positive effect on the food security status of the
households in Arsi Negelle Woreda. The results of this study indicate the importance of policy
interventions to incorporate family planning in to the national food security program, provision
of OFSP should cover the target households under the program, works toward the achievement
sustainable natural resource development and resolving the targeting bias to improve the food
security status of the households.
Key word: Food, Security, Availability, Utilization , Stability, and vulnerability