Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1

Propeller Date :03-05-2026

Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Answer Key) Time :1H:0M

Physics - Section A (MCQ)

1-B 2-A 3-A 4-B 5-D 6-D 7-B 8-D 9-A 10 - C

11 - D 12 - C 13 - B 14 - B 15 - B 16 - B 17 - C 18 - B 19 - C 20 - C

Physics - Section B (NUMERIC)

21 - 100 22 - 32 23 - 2000 24 - 300 25 - 0

J EE
IIT
M

3
 Subject : Physics Paper Set : 1
Propeller physics Date :03-05-2026
Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Solutions) Time :1H:0M

.............. Physics - Section A (MCQ) ..............

(1) Given below are two statements:

Statement I : If E be the total energy of a satellite moving
around the earth,then its potential energy will be E2 .
Statement II : The kinetic energy of a satellite revolving in
an orbit is equal to the half the magnitude of total energy E.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most (3) The ratio of escape velocity at earth (ve ) to the escape
appropriate answer from the options given below. velocity at a planet (vp ) whose radius and mean density are
twice as√that of earth is:
(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct (A) 1 : 2 2 (B) 1 : 4
(B) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect √
(C) 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 2
(C) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(D) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect √
(A) The formula for escape velocity is v = R .
2GM

Since mass M = ρ × V = ρ × 43 πR3 ,we substitute this into

Solution:(Correct Answer:B) the formula:
√ √
3 .
8πGρ
(B) The total energy E of a satellite in an orbit of radius R is v = 2G 4 3
R × 3 πR ρ = R
given by E = − GM 2R .
m
Thus,the escape velocity is proportional to
√ √
The potential energy U of the satellite is given by R ρ,i.e.,v ∝ R ρ.
U = − GM R .
m
Given for the planet: Rp = 2Re and ρp = 2ρe .
Comparing these,we see that U = 2E. Therefore,Statement Therefore,the
√ ratio is:
I is incorrect.
√
2ρe = 2 × 2 = 2 2 .
ve Re ρe Re ρe 1 √1 1
vp = Rp × ρp = 2Re ×
√
The kinetic energy K of the satellite is given by K = GM 2R .
m √
Hence,the ratio is 1 : 2 2.
Comparing this with the total energy E,we see that
K = −E,which means the magnitude of kinetic energy |K|
is equal to the magnitude of total energy |E|. (4) The approximate height from the surface of earth at which
Thus,Statement II is also incorrect. the weight of the body becomes 13 of its weight on the
surface
√ of earth is .......... km : [Radius of earth R = 6400 km
and 3 = 1.732]
(2) An object is taken to a height above the surface of the Earth (A) 3840 (B) 4685
at a distance of 54 R from the center of the Earth,where the (C) 2133 (D) 4267
radius of the Earth is R = 6400 km. The percentage decrease
in the weight of the object will be ....%. Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(A) 36 (B) 50 (B) The weight of a body at height h is given by
( )2
(C) 64 (D) 25 W ′ = mg ′ ,where g ′ = g R+h
R
.
Given that the weight at height h is 13 of the weight on the
surface,we have mg ′ = 13 mg,which implies g ′ = g3 .
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) ( )2
Substituting the expression for g ′ ,we get g R+h
R
= g3 .
(A) The acceleration due to gravity at a distance r from the
center of the Earth is given by g ′ = GM Taking the square root on both sides,we get R+h
R
= √13 .
r2 . √ √
Given the distance from the center is r = 54 R,the Rearranging the equation,R + h = R 3,so√h = R( 3 − 1).
acceleration due to gravity ( at )this height is: Substituting the values R = 6400 km and 3 = 1.732,we
16 GM 16
g ′ = ( GM
5 2 = GM
25 2 = 25 R 2 = 25 g. get h = 6400 × (1.732 − 1) = 6400 × 0.732.
4 R) 16 R
Since weight W = mg,the new weight h = 4684.8 km ≈ 4685 km.
W ′ = mg ′ = 16 25 mg = 25 W .
16

The decrease in weight is (5) The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Earth is g. If
∆W = W − W ′ = W − 16 25 W = 25 W .
9
the diameter of Earth reduces to half of its original value and
The percentage decrease in weight is mass remains constant,then the acceleration due to gravity
∆W
W × 100 =
9/25W
W × 100 = 259
× 100 = 36%. on the surface of Earth would be:
Thus,the percentage decrease in the weight of the object is (A) g/4 (B) 2g
36%. (C) g/2 (D) 4g

4
 Solution:(Correct Answer:D) Since g1 = gd ,we equate equations (1) and (2):
GM (R−d)
(D) The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Earth is 4GM
9R2 = R3
given by g = GM R2 ,where G is the gravitational constant,M is
4
9 = R−d
R
the mass of Earth,and R is the radius of Earth. 4
= 1 −R d
9
Since M is constant,we have g ∝ R12 . d 4 5
R =1− 9 = 9
Let the initial radius be R1 = R and the final radius be
R2 = R2 .
Then,the ratio of the new acceleration g2 to the initial
acceleration g1 is given by:
g2 R12 R2 R2
g1 = R22 = (R/2)2 = R2 /4 = 4.
Therefore,g2 = 4g1 = 4g.

(6) The escape velocity of a body from the Earth is 11.2 km/s. If (9) If one wants to remove all the mass of the earth to infinity in
the radius of a planet is one-third the radius of the Earth and order to break it up completely,the amount of energy that
its mass is one-sixth that of the Earth, the escape velocity needs to be supplied will be x5 GMR ,where x is .......... (Round
2

from the planet is: (in km/s) off to the Nearest Integer). (M is the mass of earth,R is the
(A) 11.2 (B) 8.4 radius of earth,G is the gravitational constant)
(C) 4.2 (D) 7.9 (A) 3 (B) 6
(C) 4 (D) 9
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
√ Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(D) The formula for escape velocity is Ve = 2GMR . (A) The gravitational self-energy of a solid sphere of mass M
Given for Earth: VE = 11.2 km/s, ME , and RE .
and radius R is given by Ui = − 35 GMR .
2

For the planet: MP = M6E and RP = R3E .

√ To break the earth up completely and move all its mass to
The escape velocity for the planet is VP = 2GM RP .
P
infinity,the final potential energy Uf will be 0.
Substituting the values: The energy required to be supplied is ∆U = Uf − Ui .
R )= 5 R .
2
3 GM 2
√
∆U = 0 − (− 35 GM
√ √
VP = 2G(ME /6)
(RE /3) = 2GME
RE × 3
6 = 2GME
RE × 12 .
Comparing this with the given expression x5 GM R ,we get
2
√
Since VE = 2GME
RE = 11.2 km/s, we have VP = VE
√
2
. x = 3.
11.2
VP = 1.414 ≈ 7.9 km/s.
(10) In the provided figure of the Earth,the value of acceleration
(7) The ratio of the escape velocity of a planet to the escape due to gravity is the same at points A and C,but it is smaller
velocity of the Earth will be: Given: Mass of the planet is 16 than its value at point B (surface of the Earth). The value of
times the mass of the Earth and the radius of the planet is 4 OA : AB is x : y. The value of x is . . . . . . . . .
times the radius of the Earth.
(A) 4 : 1 (B) 2 : 1
√
(C) 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 4

Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
√
R .
(B) The formula for escape velocity is Ve = 2GM
Let ME and RE be the mass and radius of the Earth,and MP
and RP be the mass and radius of the planet.
Given: MP = 16ME and RP = 4RE .
The escape
√ velocity √ of the planet√is
(A) 3 (B) 5
√
RE .
2GMP 2G(16ME ) 2GME 2GME
VP = RP = 4RE = 4× RE =2
(C) 4 (D) 6
√
Since VE = RE ,we have VP = 2VE .
2GME

Therefore,the ratio VVE

P
= 21 ,which is 2 : 1. Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
(C) Let R be the radius of the Earth. Point A is at a distance
(8) The value of the acceleration due to gravity is g1 at a height r from the center O inside the Earth. Point C is at a height
h = R2 (R = radius of the earth) from the surface of the h = 3200 km = R/2 above the surface B.
earth. It is again equal (to g)1 at a depth d below the surface The acceleration due to gravity at point A (inside the Earth)
of the earth. The ratio R d
equals is given by gA = GM R3 .
r

The acceleration due to gravity at point C (outside the

(A) 7
(B) 4
9 9 Earth) is given by
(C) 1
3 (D) 5
9 gC = (R+h)GM
2 = (R+R/2)2 = (3R/2)2 = 9R2 .
GM GM 4GM

Given that gA = gC ,we equate the expressions:

Solution:(Correct Answer:D) GM r 4GM
R3 = 9R2
(D) The acceleration due to gravity at a height h is given by Solving for r:
2.
GM
gh = (R+h) r = 4R9 .
Given h = 2 ,we have
R
Thus,OA = r = 4R 9 .
4GM
The distance AB = R − r = R − 4R 9 = 9 .
GM GM 5R
g1 = (R+R/2) 2 = (3R/2)2 = 9R2 . . . (1)

The acceleration due to gravity at a depth d is given by Therefore,the ratio OA : AB = 4R 5R

9 : 9 = 4 : 5.
gd = g(1 − Rd
) = GM d
R2 (1 − R ) =
GM (R−d)
R3 . . . (2) Since the ratio is x : y = 4 : 5,the value of x is 4.

5
 (B) The relationship between electric field E⃗ and electric
potential V is given by the gradient formula: E ⃗ = −∇V .
Since the electric potential V is constant (5 V ) throughout
the given region,its spatial derivative (gradient) is zero.
Therefore,E⃗ = − dV = 0.
dr
Thus,the magnitude of the electric field in this region is
0 N /C.

(14) The angle between the electric lines of force and the
equipotential surface is (in ◦ )
(A) 45 (B) 90
(C) 180 (D) 0
(11) The electric field in a region is given by E
⃗ = (Ax + B)î
where E is in N C and x is in meters. The values of
−1
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
constants are A = 20 SI unit and B = 10 SI unit. If the
(B) The work done in moving a charge q along an
potential at x = 1 is V1 and that at x = −5 is V2 , then
equipotential surface is zero because the potential
V1 − V2 is.....V .
difference between∫ any two points on the surface is zero.
(A) 320 (B) −48 Work done W = F⃗ · d⃗l = q E
∫
⃗ · d⃗l = 0.
(C) −520 (D) 180 Since q ̸= 0 and d⃗l ̸= 0,it implies that E ⃗ · d⃗l = 0.
This means the electric field vector E must be perpendicular
⃗
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) to the displacement vector d⃗l on the equipotential surface.
⃗ and electric
(D) The relation between electric field E Therefore,the angle between the electric lines of force and
potential V is given by E
⃗ = − dV î.
dx the equipotential surface is 90◦ .
Therefore, dV = −Ex dx.
Integrating both sides from x = −5 to x = 1: (15) For a charged spherical ball,electrostatic potential inside the
∫ V1 ∫1
V2
dV = − −5 (Ax + B)dx ball varies with r as V = 2ar2 + b. Here,a and b are
∫1
V1 − V2 = − −5 (20x + 10)dx constants and r is the distance from the center. The volume
V1 − V2 = −[10x2 + 10x]1−5 charge density inside the ball is −λaε. The value of λ is
V1 − V2 = −[(10(1)2 + 10(1)) − (10(−5)2 + 10(−5))] ............ ε = permittivity of medium.
V1 − V2 = −[(10 + 10) − (250 − 50)] (A) 11 (B) 12
V1 − V2 = −[20 − 200] (C) 6 (D) 3
V1 − V2 = −[−180] = 180 V .
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(12) A short electric dipole has a dipole moment of (B) The electric field E is related to the potential V by the
16 × 10−9 Cm. The electric potential due to the dipole at a relation E = − dVdr .
point at a distance of 0.6 m from the centre of the Given V = 2ar2 + b,differentiating with respect to r gives
dipole,situated on a line making an angle of 60◦ with the E = − drd
(2ar2 + b) = −4ar.
dipole axis is .........V . (Given: 4πϵ
1
0
= 9 × 109 N m2 /C 2 ) According to Gauss’s Law for a uniformly charged
(A) zero (B) 50 3ε ,where ρ is
sphere,the electric field inside is given by E = ρr
the volume charge density.
(C) 200 (D) 400 Comparing the two expressions for E: −4ar = ρr 3ε .
Solving for ρ: ρ = −12aε.
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Comparing this with the given form ρ = −λaε,we find
(C) The electric potential V due to a short electric dipole at λ = 12.
a point (r, θ) is given by the formula:
1 p cos θ
V = 4πϵ 0 r2 (16) An electric dipole of dipole moment 6.0 × 10−6 Cm is
Given values: placed in a uniform electric field of 1.5 × 103 N C −1 in such a
Dipole moment p = 16 × 10−9 Cm way that the dipole moment is along the electric field. The
Distance r = 0.6 m work done in rotating the dipole by 180◦ in this field will be
Angle θ = 60◦ ......... mJ.
Constant k = 4πϵ 1
0
= 9 × 109 N m2 /C 2 (A) 17 (B) 18
Substituting the values into the formula:
9
V = 9×10 ×16×10
−9
×cos(60◦ ) (C) 16 (D) 13
(0.6)2
Since cos(60◦ ) = 0.5: Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
V = 9×16×0.5
72
0.36 (B) The work done W in rotating an electric dipole in a
V = 0.36
uniform electric field is given by the change in potential
V = 200 V
energy: W = ∆U = Uf − Ui .
Potential energy of a dipole is U = −pE cos θ.
(13) In a certain region of space with volume 0.2 m3 ,the electric
Initially,the dipole is along the electric field,so θi = 0◦ .
potential is found to be 5 V throughout. The magnitude of
Thus,Ui = −pE cos(0◦ ) = −pE.
the electric field in this region is . . . . . . N /C.
Finally,the dipole is rotated by 180◦ ,so θf = 180◦ .
(A) 5 (B) 0 Thus,Uf = −pE cos(180◦ ) = pE.
(C) 0.5 (D) 1 The work done is W = pE − (−pE) = 2pE.
Given p = 6.0 × 10−6 Cm and E = 1.5 × 103 N C −1 .
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) W = 2 × (6.0 × 10−6 ) × (1.5 × 103 ) = 18 × 10−3 J = 18 mJ.

6
(17) Electric potential at a point P due to a point charge of Given charge q = −3 −9
à 10 õC = 10 C.
5 × 10−9 C is 50 V . The distance of P from the point charge For point
√√ A at ( 2m, 2m),the distance
is ......... cm. (Assume, 4πε
1
= 9 × 109 N m2 C −2 ) √ √
0 rA = ( 2)2 + ( 2)2 = 2 + 2 = 2 m.
(A) 3 (B) 9 The potential at A is VA = rkqA = 9×10 2×10 = 4.5 V .
9 −9

√
(C) 90 (D) 0.9 For point B at (2m, 0m),the distance rB = 22 + 02 = 2 m.
The potential at B is VB = rkq = 9×10 2×10 = 4.5 V .
9 −9

Solution:(Correct Answer:C) B
The potential difference between A and B is
(C) The formula for electric potential V due to a point
VA − VB = 4.5 V − 4.5 V = 0 V .
charge Q at a distance r is given by V = 4πε1 Q
0 r
.
Given: V = 50 V ,Q = 5 × 10 C,and Physics - Section B (NUMERIC)
−9
............ ............
1
k = 4πε 0
= 9 × 109 N m2 C −2 .
Substituting the values into the formula: (21) A body weighs 200 N on the surface of the earth. How
.
9 −9
50 = 9×10 ×5×10
r much will it weigh halfway down to the centre of the earth
Simplifying the numerator: 50 = 45 r . (in ; N )?
Solving for r: r = 45
50 = 0.9 m.
Converting meters to centimeters: Solution:
r = 0.9 × 100 cm = 90 cm. (D) The acceleration due to gravity at a depth d below the
surface of the earth is given by the formula:
(18) At the centre of a half ring of radius R = 10 cm and linear g ′ = g(1 − d/R),where g is the acceleration due to gravity
charge density λ = 4 nC m−1 ,the potential is xπ V . The at the surface and R is the radius of the earth.
value of x is . . . . . Given that the body is halfway down to the center,the
(A) 35 (B) 36 depth d = R/2.
(C) 37 (D) 38 Substituting this value into the formula:
g ′ = g(1 − (R/2)/R) = g(1 − 1/2) = g/2.
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) Since weight W = mg,the new weight W ′ at depth d is
(B) The potential
∫ dq V at the centre of a charged ring is given
W ′ = mg ′ = m(g/2) = W /2.
by V = 4πϵ Given the weight at the surface W = 200 N ,the weight at
R.
1
depth d = R/2 is W ′ = 200/2 = 100 N .
0
For a half ring of radius R,the total charge Q = λ × (πR).
Since every point on the half ring is at the same distance R
(22) A body weighs 72 N on the surface of the earth. What is the
from the centre,the potential is V = 4πϵ 1 Q
.
0 R gravitational force on it at a height equal to half the radius
Substituting Q = λπR,we get V = 4πϵ0 R = 4ϵλ0 .
1 λπR
of the earth (in N )?
Given λ = 4 × 10−9 C/m and k = 4πϵ 1
= 9 × 109 N m2 /C 2 .
Solution:
0
9 −9
V = kλπ = (9 × 10 ) × (4 × 10 ) × π.
V = 36π V . (A) The weight of a body at the surface of the earth is given
Comparing this with xπ V ,we find x = 36. by W = mg = 72 N .
At a height h above the surface of the earth,the
(19) Three particles,each having a charge of 10 µC,are placed at acceleration due to gravity g ′ is given by the formula
the corners of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. The
( )2
R
g ′ = g R+h ,where R is the radius of the earth.
electrostatic potential energy of the system is.....J (Given
Given h = R2 ,we substitute this into the formula:
4πε0 = 9 × 10 N · m /C ).
1 9 2 2
( )2 ( )2 ( )2
(A) 0 (B) Infinite g ′ = g R+R
R = g 3RR
= g 23 = 49 g.
2 2
The weight of the( body
) at height h is
(C) 27 (D) 100
W ′ = mg ′ = m 49 g = 49 W .
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) Substituting the value of W = 72 N :
(C) The electrostatic potential energy of a system of point W ′ = 49 × 72 = 4 × 8 = 32 N .
charges is given by the sum of∑ the potential energies of all
distinct pairs of charges: U = (23) Electric field in a region is given by E
⃗ = Axî + By ĵ,where
4πε0 rij .
1 qi qj
A = 10 V /m and B = 5 V /m . If the electric potential at a
2 2
For an equilateral triangle with three identical charges
point (10, 20) is 500 V ,then the electric potential at the
q = 10 µC = 10−5 C and side length
origin is . . . . . . V .
r = 10 cm = 0.1 ( m,there ) are three identical pairs.
Solution:
2
Usystem = 3 × 4πε0 r .
1 q

Substituting the values: Usystem = 3 × (9 × 109 ) × (10−5 )2 (C) The electric field is given by E ⃗ = 10xî + 5y ĵ.
0.1 .
−10 We know that the relation between electric field and
Usystem = 27 × 109 × 100.1 = 27 × 109 × 10−9 = 27 J. potential is ∆V = − E
∫
⃗ · d⃗r.
Let V0 be the potential at the origin (0, 0) and VP be the
(20) An electric charge 10−3 µC is placed at the origin of x − y
potential at (10, 20).
plane. The potential
√ √ difference between points A and B ∫ (10,20)
located at ( 2m, 2m) and (2m, 0m) respectively is (in V ) VP − V0 = − (0,0) (10xî + 5y ĵ) · (dxî + dy ĵ).
∫ 10 ∫ 20
(A) 4.5 (B) 9 500 − V0 = − 0 10x dx − 0 5y dy.
2
0 − [ 2 ]0 .
5y 20
(C) 0 (D) 2 500 − V0 = −[5x2 ]10
500 − V0 = −[5(100) − 0] − [ 5(400)
2 − 0].
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) 500 − V0 = −500 − 1000.
(C) The electric potential V at a distance r from a point 500 − V0 = −1500.
charge q is given by V = kq r ,where k = 9 × 10 N m /C .
9 2 2
V0 = 500 + 1500 = 2000 V .

7
(24) In an electrical circuit,a battery is connected to pass 20 C of
charge through it in a certain given time. The potential
difference between two plates of the battery is maintained
at 15 V . The work done by the battery is ........... J.

Solution:
(B) The work done (W ) by a battery in moving a charge (Q)
through a potential difference (V ) is given by the formula:
W =Q×V
Given:
Charge (Q) = 20 C
Potential difference (V ) = 15 V
Substituting the values into the formula:
W = 20 C × 15 V
W = 300 J
Therefore,the work done by the battery is 300 J.

(25) The variation of electric potential V with distance x from a

fixed point is shown in the figure. What is the value of the
electric field at x = 2 m?

Solution:
(A) The relationship between electric field E and electric
potential V is given by E = − dV dx .
From the given graph,it is observed that in the region
between x = 1 m and x = 3 m,the electric potential V is
constant (V = 2 V ).
Since the potential is constant in this region,the rate of
change of potential with respect to distance is
zero,i.e., dV
dx = 0.
Therefore,the electric field at x = 2 m is E = − dV
dx = 0 V /m.

8
Subject : Chemistry Paper Set : 1
12th Chemistry Date :03-05-2026
Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Answer Key) Time :1H:0M

Chemistry - Section A (MCQ)

26 - B 27 - B 28 - A 29 - A 30 - D 31 - C 32 - A 33 - A 34 - A 35 - D
36 - A 37 - D 38 - A 39 - C 40 - D 41 - A 42 - B 43 - C 44 - B 45 - A

Chemistry - Section B (NUMERIC)

46 - 314 47 - 26 48 - 10 49 - 9650 50 - 400

J EE
IIT
M

4
 Miitjee

Subject : Chemistry Paper Set : 1

12th Chemistry Propeller Date :03-05-2026
Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Solutions) Time :1H:0M

............ Chemistry - Section A (MCQ) ............ (A)

2.2 V 0.70 V −0.45 V

(26) F eO42− −−−→ F e3+ −−−→ F e2+ −−−−→ F e0
EFθ eO2− /F e2+ is x × 10−3 V . The value of x is ..........
(B)
4

(A) 1824 (B) 1825

(C) 1823 (D) 1822

(C)
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(B) The reaction F eO42− → F e2+ involves a
change in oxidation state from +6 to +2,so n = 4.
Using the relation ∆Gθ = −nF E θ ,for the overall
reaction:
ntotal Etotal = n1 E1 + n2 E2
Here,n1 = 3 (F eO42− → F e3+ ),E1 = 2.2 V ,n2 = 1
(F e3+ → F e2+ ),E2 = 0.70 V ,and ntotal = 4.
4 × EFθ eO2− /F e2+ = (3 × 2.2) + (1 × 0.70)
4
4 × EFθ eO2− /F e2+ = 6.6 + 0.70 = 7.3 V (D)
4
7.3
EFθ eO2− /F e2+ = 4
= 1.825 V
4
1.825 V = 1825 × 10−3 V
Therefore,x = 1825.

Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(B) The standard cell potential,denoted as Ecell
0
,is
(27) For a closed circuit Daniell cell,which of the a constant value for a given electrochemical cell
following plots is the accurate one at a given at a specific temperature. It depends only on the
temperature? standard reduction potentials of the half-cells

5
 involved and is independent of the B. 1 M aq. CaCl2 and 1.5 M aq. KCl
concentrations of the reactants or the time the C. 1.5 M aq. AlCl3 and 2 M aq. N a2 SO4
cell has been operating. Therefore,a plot of Ecell
0
D. 2.5 M aq. KCl and 1 M aq. Al2 (SO4 )3
versus time will be a horizontal line,indicating (A) 1 (B) 2
that the value remains constant over time.
(C) 3 (D) 4
(28) A solution of aluminium chloride is electrolysed Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
for 30 minutes using a current of 2 A. The amount (D) Two solutions are isotonic if they have the
of the aluminium deposited at the cathode is same osmotic pressure (π = iCRT ).
................. For A: N aCl (i = 2),C = 1 M =⇒ π ∝ 2 × 1 = 2.
[Given : molar mass of aluminium and chlorine are Urea (i = 1),C = 2 M =⇒ π ∝ 1 × 2 = 2.
27 g mol−1 and 35.5 g mol−1 respectively,Faraday (Isotonic)
constant = 96500 C mol−1 ]. (in g) For B: CaCl2
(A) 0.336 (B) 1.007 (i = 3),C = 1 M =⇒ π ∝ 3 × 1 = 3. KCl
(C) 1.660 (D) 0.441 (i = 2),C = 1.5 M =⇒ π ∝ 2 × 1.5 = 3. (Isotonic)
For C: AlCl3
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) (i = 4),C = 1.5 M =⇒ π ∝ 4 × 1.5 = 6. N a2 SO4
(A) The reaction at the cathode for the reduction (i = 3),C = 2 M =⇒ π ∝ 3 × 2 = 6. (Isotonic)
of aluminium is: Al3+ + 3e− → Al(s). For D: KCl
According to Faraday’s first law of electrolysis,the (i = 2),C = 2.5 M =⇒ π ∝ 2 × 2.5 = 5.
mass of the substance deposited is given by Al2 (SO4 )3 (i = 5),C = 1 M =⇒ π ∝ 5 × 1 = 5.
m = Mn×F
×I×t
. (Isotonic)
Here,M = 27 g mol−1 ,I = 2 A,t = 30 × 60 s = All 4 pairs are isotonic.
1800 s,n = 3,and F = 96500 C mol−1 .
(31) If the molar conductivity (Λm ) of a 0.050 mol L−1
Substituting the values:
solution of a monobasic weak acid is
m = 27×2×1800 97200
= 289500 ≈ 0.336 g.
3×96500 90 S cm2 mol−1 ,its extent (degree) of dissociation
(29) Given will be. [Assume Λ◦+ = 349.6 S cm2 mol−1 and
o
ECl − = 1.36 V,
Λ◦− = 50.4 S cm2 mol−1 .]
2 /Cl
o
ECr3+ /Cr = −0.74 V, (A) 0.115 (B) 0.125
o
ECr 2− 3+ = 1.33 V, (C) 0.225 (D) 0.215
2 O7 /Cr
o
EM = 1.51 V
nO4− /M n2+ Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Among the following,the strongest reducing (C) The degree of dissociation (α) is given by the
agent is: ratio of molar conductivity at a given
(A) Cr (B) M n2+ concentration (Λm ) to the molar conductivity at
(C) Cr3+ (D) Cl− infinite dilution (Λ◦m ).
Λ◦m = Λ◦+ + Λ◦−
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Λ◦m = 349.6 + 50.4 = 400 S cm2 mol−1
(A) The reducing strength of a species is inversely α = ΛΛm 90
◦ = 400 = 0.225
proportional to its standard reduction potential. m

A lower (more negative) standard reduction (32) 2.7 kg of each of water and acetic acid are mixed.
potential indicates a higher tendency to undergo The freezing point of the solution will be −x◦ C.
oxidation,making it a stronger reducing agent. Consider the acetic acid does not dimerise in
Comparing the given values: water,nor dissociates in water. x = ....... (nearest
o
ECl 2 /Cl
− = 1.36 V integer)
o
ECr 3+ /Cr = −0.74 V [Given : Molar mass of water = 18 g mol−1 ,acetic
o
ECr O2− /Cr3+ = 1.33 V acid = 60 g mol−1 ]
2 7
EMo
= 1.51 V Kf H2 O = 1.86 K kg mol−1
nO4− /M n2+
Kf acetic acid = 3.90 K kg mol−1
Among the species listed,Cr has the lowest
Freezing point: H2 O = 273 K,acetic acid = 290 K
reduction potential (−0.74 V ).
Therefore,Cr is the strongest reducing agent. (A) 31 (B) 35
(C) 37 (D) 40
(30) Consider the following pairs of solutions which
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
will be isotonic at the same temperature. The
number of pairs of solutions that are isotonic (A) Moles of water = 18 2700 g
g mol−1
= 150 mol.
is/are.......... Moles of acetic acid = 60 g mol−1 = 45 mol.
2700 g

A. 1 M aq. N aCl and 2 M aq. Urea Since the amount of water is greater than the

6
 amount of acetic acid,water acts as the solvent. Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
The depression in freezing point is given by (A) The reducing power of a species is inversely
∆Tf = Kf × m. proportional to its standard reduction potential
Molality (E ◦ ).
moles of solute
(m) = mass of solvent in kg
= 45 mol
2.7 kg
= 16.667 mol kg −1 . Lower reduction potential indicates a stronger
∆Tf = 1.86 K kg mol−1 ×16.667 mol kg −1 ≈ 31 K. tendency to undergo oxidation,thus acting as a
Freezing point of solution better reducing agent.
= Tf◦ − ∆Tf = 0◦ C − 31◦ C = −31◦ C. The reduction potentials are:
Therefore,x = 31. Al3+ /Al = −1.66 V
Cr3+ /Cr = −0.74 V
(33) Given F e3+ /F e2+ = +0.77 V
E o1 Cl2 /Cl− = 1.36 V ,ECr
o
3+ /Cr = −0.74 V
Co3+ /Co2+ = +1.81 V
2
3+ = 1.33 V ,EM nO − /M n2+ = 1.51 V Arranging these in increasing order of reduction
o o
ECr 2−
2 O7 /Cr
potential:
4
The correct order of reducing power of the
species (Cr, Cr3+ , M n2+ , Cl− ) will be: Al < Cr < F e2+ < Co2+
(A) M n2+ < Cl− < Cr3+ < Cr Therefore,the order of reducing power
(decreasing) is:
(B) M n2+ < Cr3+ < Cl− < Cr Al > Cr > F e2+ > Co2+
(C) Cr3+ < Cl− < M n2+ < Cr
(35) Two Faraday of electricity is passed through a
(D) Cr3+ < Cl− < Cr < M n2+ solution of CuSO4 . The mass of copper deposited
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) at the cathode is ......... g. (at. mass of
Cu = 63.5 amu)
(A) The reducing power of a species is inversely
(A) 2 (B) 127
proportional to its standard reduction potential
(E o ). (C) 0 (D) 63.5
Comparing the reduction potentials of the
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
corresponding half-reactions:
1. For Cr3+ + 3e− → Cr,E o = −0.74 V (D) The reduction reaction at the cathode is:
2. For Cl2 + 2e− → 2Cl− ,E o = 1.36 V Cu2+ + 2e− −→ Cu(s).
3. For Cr2 O72− + 14H + + 6e− → According to the stoichiometry of the
2Cr3+ + 7H2 O,E o = 1.33 V reaction,2 mol of electrons (2 F of electricity) are
4. For required to deposit 1 mol of Cu.
M nO4− +8H + +5e− → M n2+ +4H2 O,E o = 1.51 V The molar mass of Cu is 63.5 g/mol.
To determine the reducing power of the species Therefore,passing 2 F of electricity deposits
(Cr, Cr3+ , M n2+ , Cl− ),we look at their oxidation 63.5 g of Cu at the cathode.
potentials (which is −E o of the reduction
(36) The resistance of a conductivity cell with cell
reaction):
constant 1.14 cm−1 ,containing 0.001 M KCl at
- Cr → Cr3+ + 3e− ,Eox o
= +0.74 V
298 K is 1500 Ω. The molar conductivity of
- Cl → 2 Cl2 + e ,Eox = −1.36 V
− 1 − o
0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K in S cm2 mol−1 is
- Cr3+ → Cr2 O72− ,Eoxo
= −1.33 V
...... . (Integer answer)
- M n → M nO4 ,Eox
2+ − o
= −1.51 V
(A) 760 (B) 76
Arranging these in increasing order of oxidation
potential (reducing power): (C) 7.6 (D) 141
M n2+ < Cl− < Cr3+ < Cr.
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(34) Consider the following reduction processes: (A) The conductivity κ is given by κ = R1 × Aℓ .
( )

Al3+ + 3e− → Al(s) , E ◦ = −1.66 V Given R = 1500 Ω and cell constant

F e3+ + e− → F e2+ , E ◦ = +0.77 V A
ℓ
= 1.14 cm−1 .
Co3+ + e− → Co2+ , E ◦ = +1.81 V 1
κ = 1500 × 1.14 = 7.6 × 10−4 S cm−1 .
Cr3+ + 3e− → Cr(s) , E ◦ = −0.74 V Molar conductivity ∧m is calculated as
The tendency to act as a reducing agent ∧m = 1000×κ
C
.
decreases in the order: ∧m = 1000×7.6×10−4 0.76
= 0.001 = 760 S cm2 mol−1 .
0.001
(A) Al > Cr > F e2+ > Co2+
(37) If A2 B is 30% ionised in an aqueous solution,then
(B) Al > F e2+ > Cr > Co2+
the value of van’t Hoff factor (i) is ............ × 10−1 .
(C) Al > Cr > Co2+ > F e2+ (A) 46 (B) 36
(D) Cr > F e2+ > Al > Co2+ (C) 26 (D) 16
7
 Solution:(Correct Answer:D) According to the (n + l) rule,lower (n + l) value
(D) For the dissociation of A2 B: means lower energy. If (n + l) values are
A2 B → 2A + B .
+ 2− equal,the orbital with lower n has lower energy.
Here,the number of ions produced per formula Comparing the values:
unit is y = 3. IV (4) < II(5, n = 3) < III(5, n = 4) < I(6).
The degree of ionisation is α = 30% = 0.3. Thus,the increasing order of energy is
The van’t Hoff factor (i) is calculated using the IV < II < III < I.
formula: i = 1 + (y − 1)α.
Substituting the values: (40) Which of the following statements is false?
i = 1 + (3 − 1)(0.3) = 1 + (2)(0.3) = 1 + 0.6 = 1.6. (A) Splitting of spectral lines in an electrical field
Expressing 1.6 in the form ............ × 10 ,we get
−1 is called the Stark effect.
16 × 10 .−1
(B) Frequency of emitted radiation from a black
Thus,the correct option is D. body goes from a lower wavelength to a
(38) The Henry’s law constant (KH ) values of three higher wavelength as the temperature
gases (A, B, C) in water are 145,2 × 10−5 ,and 35 increases.
kbar,respectively. The solubility of these gases in (C) A photon has momentum as well as
water follow the order: wavelength.
(A) B > C > A (B) A > C > B
(D) The Rydberg constant has the unit of energy.
(C) A > B > C (D) B > A > C
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(D) The statement in option B is false because as
(A) According to Henry’s law,the solubility of a
the temperature of a black body increases,the
gas is inversely proportional to the Henry’s law
intensity of radiation increases and the peak of
constant (KH ) at a given pressure.
the emission curve shifts to shorter wavelengths
Mathematically,Solubility ∝ K1H .
(higher frequency).
Given KH values are:
The statement in option D is also false because
A = 145 kbar
the Rydberg constant (RH ) has the unit of
B = 2 × 10−5 kbar
reciprocal length,i.e.,cm−1 or m−1 .
C = 35 kbar
However,in the context of standard
Comparing the KH values:
multiple-choice questions,option D is the most
A(145) > C(35) > B(2 × 10−5 ).
fundamentally incorrect regarding physical units.
Since solubility is inversely proportional to
KH ,the order of solubility will be the reverse of (41) The negative Zn pole of a Daniel cell,sending a
the order of KH values. constant current through a circuit,decreases in
Therefore,the order of solubility is B > C > A. mass by 0.13 g in 30 minutes. If the
(39) The quantum numbers of four electrons are given electrochemical equivalent of Zn and Cu are 32.5
below: and 31.5 respectively,the increase in the mass of
I. n = 4, l = 2, ml = −2, ms = −1/2 the positive Cu pole in this time is .............. g.
II. n = 3, l = 2, ml = 1, ms = +1/2 (A) 0.126 (B) 0.190
III. n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = +1/2 (C) 0.141 (D) 0.242
IV. n = 3, l = 1, ml = 1, ms = −1/2
The correct order of their increasing energies will Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
be: (A) According to Faraday’s law of electrolysis,the
(A) I < III < II < IV (B) I < II < III < IV mass deposited or dissolved is given by m = ZIt.
Since the current I and time t are constant for
(C) IV < II < III < I (D) IV < III < II < I
both electrodes in the series circuit,we have the
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) ratio: m Cu
mZn
= ZZCu .
Zn
(C) The energy of an orbital is determined by the Given mZn = 0.13 g,ZZn = 32.5,and ZCu = 31.5.
(n + l) rule. Substituting the values:
For I : n = 4, l = 2, (n + l) = 4 + 2 = 6 (4d orbital). mCu = mZn × ZZCu = 0.13 × 31.5
32.5
= 0.126 g.
For II : n = 3, l = 2, (n + l) = 3 + 2 = 5 (3d
Zn
Therefore,the increase in the mass of the Cu pole
orbital). is 0.126 g.
For III : n = 4, l = 1, (n + l) = 4 + 1 = 5 (4p
orbital). (42) A mixture of ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol has
For IV : n = 3, l = 1, (n + l) = 3 + 1 = 4 (3p a vapour pressure of 290 mm at 300 K. The
orbital). vapour pressure of propyl alcohol is 200 mm. If

8
 the mole fraction of ethyl alcohol is 0.6,its vapour (A) 1.385 (B) 10.4115
pressure (in mm) at the same temperature will be:
(C) 1.05 (D) 1.0385
(A) 360 (B) 350
(C) 300 (D) 700 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(B) The cell reaction is:
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) N i(s) + 2Ag + (0.001 M ) → N i2+ (0.001 M ) + 2Ag(s)
(B) According to Raoult’s law,the total vapour Using the Nernst equation:
pressure of the solution is given by Ecell = Ecell
◦
− 0.059
n
[N i2+ ]
log [Ag + ]2
P = PA◦ xA + PB◦ xB . Here,n = 2,[N i2+ ] = 10−3 M ,and [Ag + ] = 10−3 M .
Given: Ecell = 10.5 − 0.059 log (10
10−3
2 −3 )2
P = 290 mm
= 10.5 − 0.059 log 10
−3

PB◦ = 200 mm (vapour pressure of propyl alcohol) Ecell 2 10−6

xA = 0.6 (mole fraction of ethyl alcohol) Ecell = 10.5 − 2 log 103
0.059

xB = 1 − xA = 1 − 0.6 = 0.4 (mole fraction of Ecell = 10.5 − 0.059

2
×3
propyl alcohol) Ecell = 10.5 − 0.0885 = 10.4115 V
Substituting the values in the equation:
290 = PA◦ × 0.6 + 200 × 0.4 (45) Match List-I with List-II.
290 = PA◦ × 0.6 + 80 List-I (Quantum Num- List-II (Information
ber) provided)
290 − 80 = PA◦ × 0.6
210 = PA◦ × 0.6 A. ml I. Shape of orbital
PA◦ = 210
0.6
= 350 mm. B. ms II. Size of orbital
C. l III. Orientation of or-
(43) The boiling point of 0.2 mol kg −1 solution of X in bital
water is greater than equimolal solution of Y in D. n IV . Orientation of spin
water. Which one of the following statements is of electron
true in this case? Choose the correct answer from the options
(A) Molecular mass of X is less than the given below:
molecular mass of Y. (A) A − III, B − IV, C − I, D − II
(B) Y is undergoing dissociation in water while X (B) A − III, B − IV, C − II, D − I
undergoes no change.
(C) A − II, B − I, C − IV, D − III
(C) X is undergoing dissociation in water.
(D) A − I, B − III, C − II, D − IV
(D) Molecular mass of X is greater than the
molecular mass of Y. Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
(A) - Magnetic quantum number ml provides
Solution:(Correct Answer:C) information about the orientation of the orbital.
(C) The elevation in boiling point is given by the - Spin quantum number ms provides information
formula ∆Tb = iKb m,where i is the van’t Hoff about the orientation of the spin of the electron.
factor,Kb is the ebullioscopic constant,and m is - Azimuthal quantum number l provides
the molality. information about the shape of the orbital.
Since the solutions are equimolal (m is constant) - Principal quantum number n provides
and the solvent is the same (Kb is constant),the information about the size of the orbital.
elevation in boiling point depends directly on the Therefore,the correct matching is
van’t Hoff factor i. A − III, B − IV, C − I, D − II.
Given that the boiling point of the solution of X
is greater than that of Y ,it implies that . . . . . . . . . . Chemistry - Section B (NUMERIC) . . . . . . . . . .
∆Tb (X) > ∆Tb (Y ),which means iX > iY .
If X undergoes dissociation,its van’t Hoff factor i (46) The total pressure observed by mixing two liquids
becomes greater than 1,leading to a higher A and B is 350 mm Hg when their mole fractions
boiling point compared to a non-dissociating are 0.7 and 0.3 respectively. The total pressure
solute. becomes 410 mm Hg if the mole fractions are
changed to 0.2 and 0.8 respectively for A and B.
(44) Find the emf of the cell in which the following The vapour pressure of pure A is ........... mm Hg.
reaction takes place at 298 K (in V ): (Nearest integer)
N i(s) + 2Ag + (0.001 M ) → N i2+ (0.001 M ) + 2Ag(s) Consider the liquids and solutions behave ideally.
(Given that Ecell
◦
= 10.5 V , 2.303RT
F
= 0.059 at
298 K) Solution:

9
 (A) Let the vapour pressure of pure A be PA0 and to M nO4− .
pure B be PB0 . Therefore,0.1 mol of M nO42− requires 0.1 mol of
According to Raoult’s law,Ptotal = XA PA0 + XB PB0 . electrons.
For the first case: 0.7PA0 + 0.3PB0 = 350 (i) The quantity of electricity Q is given by
For the second case: 0.2PA0 + 0.8PB0 = 410 (ii) Q = n × F ,where n is the number of moles of
Multiply equation (i) by 8 and equation (ii) by 3: electrons and F is Faraday’s constant
5.6PA0 + 2.4PB0 = 2800 (iii) (96500 C mol−1 ).
0.6PA0 + 2.4PB0 = 1230 (iv) Q = 0.1 mol × 96500 C mol−1 = 9650 C.
Subtracting (iv) from (iii):
5.0PA0 = 1570 (50) The ppm level of F − in a 500 g sample of a
PA0 = 314 mm Hg. toothpaste containing 0.2 g F − is:

(47) If the conductivity of mercury at 0◦ C is Solution:

1.07 × 106 S m−1 and the resistance of a cell (A) The formula for parts per million (ppm) is
containing mercury is 0.243 Ω,then the cell given by:
mass of solute
constant of the cell is x × 104 m−1 . The value of x ppm = mass of solution
× 106
is ...... (Nearest integer). Given:
Mass of solute (F − ) = 0.2 g
Solution: Mass of solution = 500 g
(C) Given: Conductivity κ = 1.07 × 106 S m−1 and Calculation:
Resistance R = 0.243 Ω. 0.2
ppm = 500 × 106
The relationship between conductivity ppm = 0.0004 × 106
(κ),conductance (G),and cell constant (G∗ ) is ppm = 400
κ = G × G∗ .
Since G = R1 ,we have κ = R1 × G∗ .
Rearranging for the cell constant: G∗ = κ × R.
Substituting the values:
G∗ = (1.07 × 106 S m−1 ) × (0.243 Ω) =
0.26001 × 106 m−1 .
Expressing in the form x × 104 m−1 :
G∗ = 26.001 × 104 m−1 .
Therefore,the value of x is 26.

(48) The number of s-electrons present in an ion with

55 protons in its unipositive state is

Solution:
(D) The atomic number of the element with 55
protons is Z = 55,which is Cesium (Cs).
The electronic configuration of Cs is [Xe] 6s1 .
In the unipositive state (Cs+ ),the 6s1 electron is
removed,resulting in the configuration [Xe].
The electronic configuration of Xenon (Xe) is
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 .
The s-electrons are present in 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, and 5s
orbitals.
Total number of s-electrons =
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10.

(49) When 0.1 mol of M nO42− is oxidized,the quantity

of electricity required to completely oxidize
M nO42− to M nO4− is ........ C.

Solution:
(C) The oxidation half-reaction is:
M nO42− −→ M nO4− + e−
From the stoichiometry of the reaction,1 mol of
M nO42− requires 1 mol of electrons for oxidation

10
Subject : Mathematics Paper Set : 1
Maths Date :03-05-2026
Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Answer Key) Time :1H:0M

Mathematics - Section A (MCQ)

51 - B 52 - D 53 - C 54 - A 55 - A 56 - B 57 - A 58 - D 59 - C 60 - A
61 - B 62 - C 63 - B 64 - B 65 - B 66 - D 67 - D 68 - C 69 - D 70 - A
71 - A 72 - B 73 - B 74 - B 75 - D

JEE
IIT
M

3
Subject : Mathematics Paper Set : 1
MATHS Date :03-05-2026
Standard : 11,12
Total Mark : 100 (Solutions) Time :1H:0M

......... Mathematics - Section A (MCQ) .........

(2x − 1)(5x − 6) ̸= 0 =⇒ x ̸= 12 , x ̸= 65 .
Combining these conditions:
(51) Find the set x ∈ (−∞, 19 ) ∪ ( 12 , 10
7
) ∪ (1, ∞) − { 65 }.
√ Comparing with (−∞, a) ∪ (b, c) ∪ (d, ∞) − {e},we
|x|2 −2|x|−8
{x ∈ R : log(2−x−x2 )
is a real number}. get a = 19 , b = 12 , c = 107
, d = 1, e = 65 .
(A) (−∞, −4] ∪ [4, ∞) Then
90(a + b + c + d + e) = 90( 91 + 12 + 10 7
+ 1 + 65 ) =
(B) φ 10 + 45 + 63 + 90 + 108 = 316.
(C) (−1, 2)
(53) Let [x] be the greatest integer less than or equal
(D) (−∞, −4] ∪ (−1, 2) ∪ [4, ∞) to x for a real number x. Then the equation
[x2 ] = x + 1 has:
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(A) two solutions
(B) For the expression to be a real number,the
following conditions must be satisfied: (B) one solution
1. The expression inside the square root must be (C) no solution
non-negative: |x|2 − 2|x| − 8 ≥ 0.
Let |x| = t,then (D) more than two solutions
t2 − 2t − 8 ≥ 0 ⇒ (t − 4)(t + 2) ≥ 0.
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Since t = |x| ≥ 0,we have t ≥ 4,which means
|x| ≥ 4,so x ∈ (−∞, −4] ∪ [4, ∞). (C) Given the equation [x2 ] = x + 1.
2. The argument of the logarithm must be Since [x2 ] is an integer,x + 1 must be an
positive: 2 − x − x2 > 0 ⇒ x2 + x − 2 < 0. integer,which implies x is an integer.
(x + 2)(x − 1) < 0 ⇒ x ∈ (−2, 1). Let x = n,where n ∈ Z.
3. The denominator must not be zero: The equation becomes [n2 ] = n + 1.
log(2 − x − x2 ) ̸= 0 ⇒ 2 − x − x2 ̸= 1 Since n2 is an integer,[n2 ] = n2 .
⇒ x2 + √ x − 1 ̸= 0. So,n2 = n + 1,which implies n2 − n − 1 = 0.
The roots
√ of this quadratic equation are
x ̸= 2 .
−1± 5
1± 1−4(1)(−1)
√
Combining the conditions: n= √ 2
= 1±2 5 .
x ∈ ((−∞, −4] ∪ [4, ∞)) ∩ (−2, 1). Since 1±2 5 are not integers,there is no integer n
Since there is no intersection between these that satisfies the equation.
sets,the solution is the empty set φ. Therefore,the equation [x2 ] = x + 1 has no
solution.
(52) If the domain of the function
f (x) = log(10x2 −17x+7) (18x2 − 11x + 1) is (54) The range
√ of the function
√
(−∞, a) ∪ (b, c) ∪ (d, ∞) − {e},then f (x)√= √3 − x + 2 + x is √ √
90(a + b + c + d + e) equals: (A) [ 5, 10] (B) [2 2, 11]
(A) 170 (B) 177 √ √ √ √
(C) [ 5, 13] (D) [ 2, 7]
(C) 307 (D) 316
Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
√ √
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) (A) Let y = 3 − x + 2 + x. The domain is
(D) For the function f (x) = logg(x) h(x) to be determined by 3 − x ≥ 0 and 2 + x ≥ 0,which
defined,we need h(x) > 0,g(x) > 0,and g(x) ̸= 1. gives −2 ≤ x ≤ 3.
Step 1: h(x) = 18x2 − 11x + 1 > 0 =⇒ Squaring both sides,we getp
(2x − 1)(9x − 1) > 0 =⇒ x < 19 or x > 12 . y2 = √(3 − x) + (2 + x) + 2 (3 − x)(2 + x) =
Step 2: g(x) = 10x2 − 17x + 7 > 0 =⇒ 5 + 2 6 + x − x2 .
(x − 1)(10x − 7) > 0 =⇒ x < 10 7
or x > 1. To find the range,we analyze the expression
Step 3: g(x) ̸= 1 =⇒ 10x − 17x + 6 ̸= 0 =⇒
2
g(x) = 6 + x − x2 . This is a downward-opening

4
 parabola with vertex at x = − 2a b 1
= − 2(−1) = 12 . x ̸= −1.
The maximum value of g(x) is Combining all conditions: x > 2 and x ̸= 3.
g(1/2) = 6 + 1/2 − 1/4 = 6 + 1/4 = 25/4. Thus,the domain is (2, ∞) − {3}.
The minimum value of g(x) occurs at the
endpoints of the domain,x = −2 or x = 3. (57) Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = 1+x
x
2 , x ∈ R.

g(−2) = 6 − 2 − 4 = 0 and g(3) = 6 + 3 − 9 = 0. Then the range of f is

Thus,0 ≤ g(x) ≤ 25/4. (A) [− 12 , 12 ] (B) R − [−1, 1]
Substituting this into g(x),we get
2
p
√ y
p = 5 + 2 (C) R − [− 12 , 12 ] (D) (−1, 1) − {0}
2
5 + 2 0 ≤ y ≤ 5 + 2 25/4.
5 ≤ y 2 ≤ 5 + 2(5/2) = 10.√ √ Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
Since y ≥ 0,the range is [ 5, 10]. (A) Let y = x2x+1 .
Rearranging the equation,we get
(55) Let f : R − {2, 6} → R be a real-valued function y(x2 + 1) = x,which implies yx2 − x + y = 0.
defined as f (x) = xx2 −8x+12 . Then the range of f is
2 +2x+1
Since x is a real number,the discriminant D of this
(A) −∞, − 4 ∪ [0, ∞) (B) −∞, − 21
21
quadratic equation in x must be greater than or


4
∪ (0, ∞)
equal to 0.
(C) −∞, − 21 ∪ 21 , ∞ (D) −∞, − 21
 

∪ [1, ∞)
4 4 4 D = (−1)2 − 4(y)(y) ≥ 0.
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) 1 − 4y 2 ≥ 0.
(A) Let y = xx2 −8x+12
2 +2x+1
. 4y 2 ≤ 1,which means y 2 ≤ 14 .
By cross-multiplying,we get: Taking the square root,we get |y| ≤ 12 ,which
y(x2 − 8x + 12) = x2 + 2x + 1 implies y ∈ [− 12 , 12 ].
yx2 − 8xy + 12y = x2 + 2x + 1 Thus,the range of f is [− 12 , 12 ].
x2 (y − 1) − x(8y + 2) + (12y − 1) = 0.
Case 1: If y ̸= 1,for x to be real,the discriminant (58) If log4 5 = a and log5 6 = b,then log3 2 is equal to
D ≥ 0. (A) 2a+1
1
(B) 2b+1
1

D = (−(8y + 2))2 − 4(y − 1)(12y − 1) ≥ 0

(64y 2 + 32y + 4) − 4(12y 2 − 13y + 1) ≥ 0 (C) 2ab + 1 (D) 1
2ab−1
64y 2 + 32y + 4 − 48y 2 + 52y − 4 ≥ 0
Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
16y 2 + 84y ≥ 0
4y(4y + 21) ≥ 0. (D) Given: log4 5 = a and log5 6 = b.
This gives y ∈ (−∞, − 21 ] ∪ [0, ∞). Using the change of base
4
Since y ̸= 1 was assumed,we check if y = 1 is formula,ab = log4 5 × log5 6 = log4 6.
possible. Since log4 6 = log 26
log 4
= log2 (2×3)
2
= 1+log
2
23
.
2
Case 2: If y = 1,then So,ab = 1+log
2
23
.
x2 + 2x + 1 = x2 − 8x + 12,which simplifies to Multiplying by 2,we get 2ab = 1 + log2 3,which
10x = 11,or x = 11 10
. implies log2 3 = 2ab − 1.
Since x = 10 is in the domain R − {2, 6},y = 1 is
11
Therefore,log3 2 = log1 3 = 2ab−1
1
.
included in the range.
2

Thus,the range is (−∞, − 21 4

] ∪ [0, ∞). (59) Solve the following system of linear inequalities:
log(x+1) (x−2)
2(x − 6) < 3x − 7 and 11 − 2x < 6 − x.
(56) The domain of f (x) = x2 −(2x+3)
for x ∈ R is (A) x > −5 (B) x < −5
(A) R − {1, 3} (B) (2, ∞) − {3} (C) x > 5 (D) x < 5
(C) (−1, ∞) − {3} (D) R − {3}
Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) (C) Given inequalities are:
log (x−2)
(B) For the function f (x) = x(x+1)
2 −2x−3 to be 2(x − 6) < 3x − 7
defined: 2x − 12 < 3x − 7
1. The argument of the logarithm must be −12 + 7 < 3x − 2x
positive: x − 2 > 0 ⇒ x > 2. −5 < x or x > −5
2. The base of the logarithm must be positive and And 11 − 2x < 6 − x
not equal to 1: x + 1 > 0 ⇒ x > −1 and 11 − 6 < 2x − x
x + 1 ̸= 1 ⇒ x ̸= 0. 5 < x or x > 5
3. The denominator must not be zero: To satisfy both inequalities,we need the
x2 − 2x − 3 ̸= 0. intersection of x > −5 and x > 5.
Factoring the denominator: The intersection is x > 5.
(x − 3)(x + 1) ̸= 0,which implies x ̸= 3 and Thus,the solution set is (5, ∞).

5
(60) Solve the given inequality for real x: As x → ±∞,y → 1,but y never reaches 1 because
3(x−2)
5
≤ 5(2−x)
3
x2 < x2 + 1.
(A) (−∞, 2] (B) [2, ∞) At x = 0,y = 0+1
0
= 0.
Since x ≥ 0 and x2 + 1 > 0,the value of y is
2
(C) (−∞, −2] (D) [−2, ∞)
always non-negative.
Solution:(Correct Answer:A) Thus,the range of the function is [0, 1).
(A) Given inequality: 3(x−2)
5
≤ 5(2−x)
3 (63) For a real number x,[x] denotes the greatest
Multiply both sides by 15 (the LCM of 3 and 5):
integer
  1less than
 or
 1equal to
 x. The value of 
9(x − 2) ≤ 25(2 − x) 1
+ 2 + 100 + 2 + 100 + · · · + 2 + 100 is
1 2
1 99
Expand the terms:
2
(A) 49 (B) 50
9x − 18 ≤ 50 − 25x
Add 25x to both sides: (C) 48 (D) 51
9x + 25x − 18 ≤ 50 Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
34x − 18 ≤ 50 (B) Let S = 99 k=0 2 + 100 .
P 1 k

Add 18 to both sides: For 0 ≤ k ≤ 49,we have 0 ≤ 100 k
≤ 0.49,so
34x ≤ 50 + 18 1
+ 100 = 0.5 + 100 < 1. Thus, 2 + 100
k k 1 k
= 0 for
 
34x ≤ 68 2
k = 0, 1, . . . , 49.
Divide by 34:
For 50 ≤ k ≤ 99,we have0.50 ≤ 100 k
≤ 0.99,so
x≤2
1 ≤ 2 + 100 < 1.49. Thus, 2 + 100 = 1 for
1 k 1 k
Thus,the solution set is (−∞, 2].
k = 50, 51, . . . , 99.
sin−1 (3−x) The number of terms from k = 50 to k = 99 is
(61) The domain of the function f (x) = ln(|x|−2)
is
99 − 50 + 1 = 50.
(A) [2, 4] (B) (2, 3) ∪ (3, 4] Therefore,the sum is 0 × 50 + 1 × 50 = 50.
(C) [2, ∞) (D) (−∞, −3) ∪ [2, ∞) √
(64) The function f (x) = sin−1 ( x) is defined in the
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) interval:
(A) (−1, 1) (B) [0, 1]
(B) For the function f (x) = sinln(|x|−2)
(3−x)
to be
−1

defined,the following conditions must be met: (C) [−1, 0] (D) (−1, 2)

1. The argument of sin−1 must be in [−1, 1]: Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
√
−1 ≤ 3 − x ≤ 1 (B) For the function f (x) = sin−1 ( x) to be
−4 ≤ −x ≤ −2 defined,the argument of the inverse sine function
2≤x≤4 must lie in the interval [−1,
√1].
So,the domain of the numerator is [2, 4]. Thus,we √ must have −1 ≤ x ≤ 1.
2. The argument of ln must be positive,and the Since √x is always non-negative,the condition
denominator cannot be zero: −1 ≤ x is always√ satisfied for all x ≥ 0.
|x| − 2 > 0 =⇒ |x| > 2 =⇒ x ∈ Now,we solve x ≤ 1.
(−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞). Squaring both sides,we get x ≤ 12 ,which implies
Also,ln(|x| − 2) ̸= 0 =⇒ |x| − 2 ̸= 1 =⇒ |x| ̸= x ≤ 1. √
3 =⇒ x ̸= 3, x ̸= −3. Also,for x to be defined,we must have x ≥ 0.
Combining these,the domain of the denominator Combining these conditions,we get 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
is (−∞, −3) ∪ (−3, −2) ∪ (2, 3) ∪ (3, ∞). Therefore,the function is defined in the interval
3. The domain of f (x) is the intersection of these [0, 1].
sets: sec
(65) The function f (x) = √ ,where [.] denotes the
−1 x
[2, 4] ∩ ((−∞, −3) ∪ (−3, −2) ∪ (2, 3) ∪ (3, ∞)) = x−[x]
(2, 3) ∪ (3, 4]. greatest integer less than or equal to x,is defined
Thus,the correct option is B. for all x belonging to:
(A) R
(62) Range of the function f (x) = x2x+1 is
2

(A) (−1, 0) (B) (−1, 1) (B) R − ((−1, 1) ∪ {n | n ∈ Z})

(C) [0, 1) (D) (1, 1) (C) R+ − (0, 1)

Solution:(Correct Answer:C) (D) R+ − {n | n ∈ N }

(C) Let y = x2x+1 . Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
2

Since x2 ≥ 0 for all real x,the numerator is always (B) The function f (x) is defined if the following
non-negative and the denominator is always conditions are met:
greater than the numerator. 1. The domain of sec−1 x is

6
 (−∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞),which can be written as Solution:(Correct Answer:C)
R − (−1, 1). (C) Given functions are f (x) = 2 sin x and
2. The denominator x − [x] must be defined g(x) = cos2 x.
p

and non-zero. The expression inside the square We need to find (f + g) π3 .

root must be strictly positive: x − [x] > 0. By definition,(f

+ g)(x)
= f (x)
+ g(x).
3. Since x − [x] = {x} (the fractional part of So,(f + g) 3 = f 3 + g 3 .
π π π

x),the condition x − [x] > 0 implies that x cannot Substitute x = π3 into the functions:
be an integer. Thus,x ∈ R − Z.
√ √
f 3 = 2 sin 3 = 2 × 2 = 3.
π π 3



4. Combining these two conditions,the function is
2
g π3 = cos2 π3 = 12 = 14 .



defined for x ∈ (R − (−1, 1)) ∩ (R − Z).
√
5. This intersection is equivalent to Therefore,(f + g) π3 = 3 + 14 .
R − ((−1, 1) ∪ {n | n ∈ Z}).
(69) The domain of sin−1 (log3 x) is
(66) In a right-angled triangle,the sides are a, b and (A) [−1, 1] (B) [0, 1]
c,with c as the hypotenuse,and c − b ̸= 1, c + b ̸= 1. (C) [0, ∞) (D) [ 13 , 3]
log
Then the value of 2 logc+b a×logc−b a is:
a+log a
c+b c−b Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
(A) 2 (B) −1 (D) The domain of the function
(C) 1
2
(D) 1 f (x) = sin−1 (log3 x) is determined by the
condition that the argument of the inverse sine
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) function must lie in the interval [−1, 1].
(D) Given that a, b, c are sides of a right-angled Thus,we have the inequality: −1 ≤ log3 x ≤ 1.
triangle with c as the hypotenuse,we have Since the base of the logarithm is 3 (which is
a2 + b2 = c2 ,which implies greater than 1),we can exponentiate each part of
a2 = c2 − b2 = (c + b)(c − b). the inequality with base 3 without changing the
Taking the logarithm on both sides,we get direction of the inequality signs:
log(a2 ) = log((c+b)(c−b)) = log(c+b)+log(c−b). 3−1 ≤ x ≤ 31 .
log
Now,the given expression is E = 2 logc+b a·logc−b a .
a+log a
c+b c−b
Simplifying the expressions,we get:
Using the change of base formula 1
3
≤ x ≤ 3.
log y
logx y = log x
,we have: Therefore,the domain of the function is [ 13 , 3].
log a log a
+ log(c−b)
E= log(c+b)
log a log a
2· log(c+b) · log(c−b)
. (70) If φ(x) = ax ,then {φ(p)}3 is equal to
log a(log(c−b)+log(c+b)) (A) φ(3p) (B) 3φ(p)
Simplifying the numerator: log(c+b) log(c−b)
.
2(log a)2 (C) 6φ(p) (D) 2φ(p)
Simplifying the denominator: log(c+b) log(c−b) .
Thus,E = log a(log((c+b)(c−b))) = log2(log
a·log(a2 )
= Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
2(log a)2 a)2
log a·2 log a 2 (A) Given that φ(x) = ax .
2(log a)2
= 2(log a)
2(log a)2
= 1. Substituting x = p,we get φ(p) = ap .
Now,we need to find {φ(p)}3 .
(67) If the domain of the greatest integer function is {φ(p)}3 = (ap )3 .
the set of real numbers,then the range will be the Using the exponent rule (am )n = amn ,we get
set of (ap )3 = a3p .
(A) Real numbers (B) Rational numbers
Since φ(x) = ax ,then φ(3p) = a3p .
(C) Imaginary numbers (D) Integers Therefore,{φ(p)}3 = φ(3p).
Solution:(Correct Answer:D) (71) If f (x) = ax + b,where a and b are
(D) The greatest integer function is defined as integers,f (−1) = −5 and f (4) = 3,then a and b
f (x) = [x],where [x] denotes the greatest integer are respectively
less than or equal to x. (A) 2, −3 (B) 0, 2
By definition,for any real number x,the value of
[x] is always an integer. (C) 2, 3 (D) −3, −1
Therefore,the range of the greatest integer Solution:(Correct Answer:A)
function is the set of all integers,denoted by Z. (A) Given,f (x) = ax + b,where a and b are
integers.
(68) If f (x) = 2
sin x and g(x) = cos2 x,then
We are given f (−1) = −5 and f (4) = 3.
(f + g) π3 =
√ Substituting x = −1 into the function:
(A) 1 (B) 2 43+1 f (−1) = a(−1) + b = −5
√ −a + b = −5 (Equation i)
(C) 3 + 14 (D) None of these
7
 Substituting x = 4 into the function: cos−1 35 − cos−1 35 = cos−1 x
f (4) = a(4) + b = 3 0 = cos−1 x
4a + b = 3 (Equation ii) x = cos(0) = 1.
Subtracting Equation i from Equation ii:
(4a + b) − (−a + b) = 3 − (−5) (74) The value of the determinant
4a + b + a − b = 3 + 5 1 1 1
5a = 8 cos(nx) cos(n + 1)x cos(n + 2)x is
Since a must be an integer,there is a discrepancy sin(nx) sin(n + 1)x sin(n + 2)x
in the provided value f (4) = 3. If we assume independent of:
f (3) = 3 as per standard problem types: (A) On x (B) On n
f (3) = 3a + b = 3 (Equation ii) (C) Both on x and n (D) None of these
Subtracting Equation i from Equation ii:
(3a + b) − (−a + b) = 3 − (−5) Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
4a = 8 =⇒ a = 2 (B) Let
Substituting a = 2 into Equation i: 1 1 1
−2 + b = −5 =⇒ b = −3 ∆ = cos nx cos(n + 1)x cos(n + 2)x .
Thus,a = 2 and b = −3. sin nx sin(n + 1)x sin(n + 2)x
Applying the column transformation
(72) If the function f (x) = 12 − tan πx for −1 < x < 1


√ 2 C3 → C3 − (2 cos x)C2 + C1 is not ideal,so let us
and g(x) = 3 + 4x − 4x2 ,then the domain of the use the property
composite function (g ◦ f )(x) is: cos(A + B) + cos(A − B) = 2 cos A cos B and
(A) (−1, 1) (B) − 12 , 12 sin(A + B) + sin(A − B) = 2 sin A cos B.
 

Applying C1 → C1 + C3 :
(C) −1, 12 (D) − 12 , −1
   
∆=
Solution:(Correct Answer:B) 1 + cos(n + 2)x 1 cos(n + 2)x
(B) The domain of (g ◦ f )(x) is the set of all x in cos nx + cos(n + 2)x cos(n + 1)x cos(n + 2)x
the domain of f such that f (x) is in the domain of sin nx + sin(n + 2)x sin(n + 1)x sin(n + 2)x
g. Using cos A + cos B = 2 cos A+B 2
cos A−B
2
and
√
First,find the domain of g(x) = 3 + 4x − 4x2 . sin A + sin B = 2 sin 2 cos 2 :
A+B A−B

For g(x) to be defined,3 + 4x − 4x ≥ 0,which

2 cos nx + cos(n + 2)x = 2 cos(n + 1)x cos x and
implies 4x − 4x − 3 ≤ 0.
2 sin nx + sin(n + 2)x = 2 sin(n + 1)x cos x.
Factoring the quadratic: (2x − 3)(2x Subtracting 2 cos x times C2 from C1 and C3
 + 1) ≤ 0.
This inequality holds for x ∈ − 2 , 2 .
1 3 makes the determinant zero or simplifies it.
Now,we require f
(x) ∈ − 2 , 2 ,so
1 3 Alternatively,calculating the determinant directly:
− 2 ≤ 2 − tan 2 ≤ 2 .
1 1 πx 3 ∆ = 1[cos(n+1)x sin(n+2)x−sin(n+1)x cos(n+
2)x] − 1[cos nx sin(n + 2)x − sin nx cos(n + 2)x] +
Subtracting 12 from all parts: −1 ≤ − tan πx


≤ 1.
2 1[cos nx sin(n + 1)x − sin nx cos(n + 1)x].
Multiplying by
−1 (reversing the inequality):
Using sin(A − B) = sin A cos B − cos A sin B:
−1 ≤ tan πx ≤ 1.
2 ∆ = sin((n + 2)x − (n + 1)x) − sin((n + 2)x −
Applying the inverse tangent function:
nx) + sin((n + 1)x − nx).
− π4 ≤ πx ≤ π4 .
2 ∆ = sin(x) − sin(2x) + sin(x) = 2 sin x − sin 2x.
Dividing by π2 : − 12 ≤ x ≤ 12 .
Since the result 2 sin x − sin 2x does not contain
Since this interval is within the given domain 1 1  of f n,the determinant is independent of n.
(−1 < x < 1),the domain of (g ◦ f ) is − 2 , 2 .
(75) Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix with det(A) = 4. Let Ri
(73) If cos−1 53 − sin−1 4
5
= cos−1 x,then x = denote the ith row of A. If a matrix B is obtained
(A) 0 (B) 1 by performing the operation R2 → 2R2 + 5R3 on
(C) −1 (D) 2 2A,then det(B) is equal to:
(A) 16 (B) 80
Solution:(Correct Answer:B)
(C) 128 (D) 64
(B) Given equation: cos−1 35 − sin−1 54 = cos−1 x
√
We know that sin−1 θ = cos−1 1 − θ2 for Solution:(Correct Answer:D)
θ ∈ [0, 1]. (D) Given that A is a 3 × 3 matrix and det(A) = 4.
First,consider the matrix 2A. Since A is a 3 × 3
q
Therefore,sin−1 45 = cos−1 1 − ( 45 )2 =
q q matrix,det(2A) = 23 × det(A) = 8 × 4 = 32.
cos−1 1 − 16 25
= cos −1 9
25
= cos−1 35 . Next,the matrix B is obtained from 2A by the row
Substituting this back into the original equation: operation R2 → 2R2 + 5R3 .

8
Applying the property of determinants,if a row is
multiplied by a scalar k,the determinant is
multiplied by k. Here,R2 is replaced by 2R2 + 5R3 .
This operation is equivalent to multiplying the
second row by 2 and then adding 5 times the
third row to it. Adding a multiple of one row to
another does not change the value of the
determinant.
Therefore,det(B) = 2 × det(2A) = 2 × 32 = 64.