Question 1.
A coin placed at the bottom of a tank appears to be raised when water is poured into
it. Explain.
Question 2.
A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of
focal- length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the:
(i) position
(ii) nature
(iii) size of the image formed.
Question 3.
(a) Write two rules of the new Cartesian sign conventions for spherical mirrors.
(b) Trace the path of the reflected ray by drawing a figure if it passes from centre of
curvature of a concave mirror.
Question 4.
Design an activity using concave mirror to prove that it s converging in nature. Also
state a method to find its rough focal length.
Question 5.
4.5 cm needle is placed 12 cm away from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm.
Give the location of image and magnification. Describe what happens to the image
as the needle is moved farther from the mirror.
Question 6.
Rohit placed a pencil perpendicular to principal axis in front of a converging mirror of
focal length 30 cm. The image formed is twice the size of the pencil. Calculate the
distance of the object from the mirror.
Question 7.
Define magnification produced by a spherical mirror in terms of height of a object
and image. How is it related to object and image distance? Explain why
magnification is positive for virtual image and negative for real image?
Question 8.
An object is placed at a distance of 25 cm away from a converging mirror of focal
length 20 cm. Discus the effect on the nature and position of the image if the position
of the object changes from 25 cm to 15 cm. Justify your answer without using mirror
formula.
Question 9.
Write one similarity and one dissimilarity between image formed by plane mirror and
convex mirror.
Question 10.
(a) State Snell’s law of refraction.
(b) When a ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into a glass slab, it is
observed that the light ray emerges parallel to the incident ray but it is shifted
sideways slightly. Draw a ray diagram to illustrate it.
Question 11.
A 5cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of
focal length 10 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm. Find the
nature, position and size of the image. Also find its magnification.
Question 12.
One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper.
(a)Show the formation of image of an object placed at 2F1, of such covered lens with
the help of ray diagram. Mention the position and nature of image.
(b)Draw the ray diagram for same object at same position in front of the same lens,
but now uncovered. Will there be any difference in the image obtained in the two
cases? Give reason for your answer.
Question 13.
(a) The refractive index of Ruby is 1.71. What is meant by this statement?
(b) The refractive index of some medium are given below:
Crown glass- 1.52
Water- 1.33
Sapphire- 1.77
In which of the medium is the speed of light
(i)maximum
(ii)minimum
(iii) Calculate speed of light in sapphire.
Question 14.
A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of
focal length 30 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 20 cm. Find the:
(a)Position
(b)Nature
(c)Size of the image formed.
Question 15.
Draw a ray diagram to show refraction of light through a glass slab and label on it the
following:
(i)Incident ray
(ii)Refracted ray
(iii)Emergent ray
(iv)Lateral shift (displacement)
Question 16.
If the image formed by mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is
always virtual and diminished, state the type of the mirror. Draw a ray diagram in
support of your answer. Where are such mirrors commonly used and why?
Question 17.
A 6 cm object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal
length 15 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 10 cm. Find the position,
size and nature of the image formed, using the lens formula.
Question 17.
The ability of a medium to refract light is expressed in terms of its optical density.
Optical density has a definite connotation. It is not the same as mass density. On
comparing two media, the one with the large refractive index is optically denser
medium than the other. The other medium with a lower refractive index is optically
rarer. Also the speed of light through a given medium is inversely proportional to its
optical density.
(i) Determine the speed of light in diamond if the refractive index of diamond with
respect to vacuum is 2.42. Speed of light in vacuum is 3×1083×108m/s.
(ii) Refractive indices of glass, water and carbon disulphide are 1.5, 1.33 and 1.62
respectively. If a ray of light is incident in these media at the same angle (say θ𝜃),
then write the increasing order of the angle of refraction in these media.
(iii) (A) The speed of light in glass is 2×1082×108 m/s and in water
is 2.25×1082.25×108 m/s.
(a) Which one of the two is optically denser and why ?
(b) A ray of light is incident normally at the water-glass interface when it enters a
thick glass container filled with water. What will happen to the path of the ray after
entering the glass ? Give reason.
(iv) (B) The absolute refractive indices of water and glass are 4/3 and 3/2
respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2×1082×108 m/s, find the speed of
light in (i) vacuum and (ii) water.
Question 18.
It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal
length of 12 cm.
(i)What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror?
(ii)Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the
formation of image in this case,.
(iii)Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 6 cm in front of the mirror?
Draw ray diagram for this situation to justify your answer.
Show the position of pole, principal focus and the centre of curvature in the ray
diagram.
Question 19.
A student has three concave mirrors A, B and C of focal lengths 20 cm, 15 cm and
10 cm respectively. For each concave mirror he performs the experiment of image
formation for three values of object distance of 30 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm.
Giving reason answer the following:
(a)For the three object distances, identify the mirror which will form an image equal
in size to that of object. Find at least one value of object distance.
(b)Out of the three mirrors, identify the mirror which would be preferred to be used
for shaving purpose.
(c)For the mirror B, draw ray diagram for image formation for any two given values of
object distance.
Question 20.
An object is placed at infinity from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. Find the
position and nature of image formed. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of
image. (Not to scale)
Question 21.
(a) Define focal length of a spherical lens.
(b) A divergent lens has a focal length of 30 cm. At what distance should an object of
height 5 cm from the optical centre of the lens be placed so that its image is formed
15 cm away from the lens? Find the size of the image also.
(c) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in the above situation.
Question 22.
(a) A converging lens forms a real and inverted image of an object at a distance of
100 cm from it. Where should an object be placed in front of the lens, so that the size
of the image is twice the size of the object? Also, calculate the power of a lens.
(b) State laws of refraction.
Question 23.
List the new Cartesian sign convention for reflection of light by spherical mirrors.
Draw a diagram and apply these conventions for calculating the focal length and
nature of a spherical mirror which forms a 1/3 times magnified virtual image of an
object placed 18 cm in front of it.
Question 24.
[Link] – half of a convex lens of focal length 110 cm is covered with a black paper.
Can such a lens produce an image of a complete object placed at a distance of 30
cm from the lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.
b. A 4 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of
focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm. Find the
nature, position and size of the image.