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Tutorial 9

The document contains a series of engineering thermodynamics problems involving heat transfer, work input, and entropy changes in various systems. Key scenarios include the cooling of a copper block in water, compression of nitrogen gas, heating of water with an electric heater, and operations in steam power plants. Each problem requires calculations related to mass flow rates, final temperatures, and efficiencies under different thermodynamic processes.

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5 views1 page

Tutorial 9

The document contains a series of engineering thermodynamics problems involving heat transfer, work input, and entropy changes in various systems. Key scenarios include the cooling of a copper block in water, compression of nitrogen gas, heating of water with an electric heater, and operations in steam power plants. Each problem requires calculations related to mass flow rates, final temperatures, and efficiencies under different thermodynamic processes.

Uploaded by

abhayjaikumar5566
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Engineering Thermodynamics (CH161)

Tutorial-9

1. A 50-kg copper block initially at 140°C is dropped into an insulated tank that contains 90 L
of water at 10°C. Determine the final equilibrium temperature and the total entropy change
for this process.
2. Nitrogen gas is compressed from 80 kPa and 27°C to 480 kPa by a 10-kW compressor.
Determine the mass flow rate of nitrogen through the compressor, assuming the com-
pression process to be (a) isentropic, (b) polytropic with n = 1.3, (c) isothermal, and (d) ideal
two-stage polytropic with n = 1.3.
3. A 1200-W electric resistance heating element whose diameter is 0.5 cm is immersed in 40
kg of water initially at 20°C. Assuming the water container is well-insulated, determine how
long it will take for this heater to raise the water temperature to 50°C. Also, determine the
entropy generated during this process, in kJ/K.
4. In large steam power plants, the feedwater is frequently heated in closed feedwater heaters,
which are basically heat exchangers, by steam extracted from the turbine at some stage.
Steam enters the feedwater heater at 1 MPa and 200°C and leaves as saturated liquid at the
same pressure. Feedwater enters the heater at 2.5 MPa and 50°C and leaves 10°C below the
exit temperature of the steam. Neglecting any heat losses from the outer surfaces of the
heater, determine (a) the ratio of the mass flow rates of the extracted steam and the feedwater
heater and (b) the total entropy change for this process per unit mass of the feedwater.
5. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 5 MPa, 650°C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150°C,
and 140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 8 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate
of the steam flowing through the turbine and (b) the isentropic efficiency of the turbine.
Answers: (a) 8.03 kg/s, (b) 82.8 percent
6. A refrigeration unit compresses saturated R-134a vapor at 10°C to 1000 kPa. How much
power is required to compress 0.9 kg/s of R-134a with a compressor efficiency of 85
percent? Answer: 19.3 kW
7. Air at 27°C and 100 kPa is contained in a piston– cylinder device. When the air is
compressed adiabatically, a minimum work input of 1000 kJ will increase the pressure to
600 kPa. Assuming air has constant specific heats evaluated at 300 K, determine the mass
of air in the device.
8. Water enters the pump of a steam power plant as saturated liquid at 20 kPa at a rate of 45
kg/s and exits at 6 MPa. Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies and
assuming the process to be reversible, determine the power input to the pump.

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