Chapter No.

4 Stoichiometry

Exercise with Solution

Q. No.2: Give Short Answer.
i) 49 grams each of H2SO4 and H3PO4 have same number of molecules but having different no of
atoms.
Answer:
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠
49
Moles of H2SO4 = 98 = 0.5 moles
49
Moles of H3PO4 = 98 = 0.5 moles
Since No of moles are same for both H2SO4 & H3PO4 , they contain Same No of molecules. However, 1
molecule of H2SO4 contain 7 atoms while 1 molecule of H3PO4 contains 8 atoms. So, Equal No of
molecule have diff No of atoms.

ii) Different gases with different weights will take up the same amount of space (volume) at Standard
Temperature and Pressure (STP).
Answer:
Because, Volume occupied by gas molecules does not depend upon the size or mass of molecules. It only
depends upon the No of molecules.

Example:
1 mole of H2 gas at STP contain 22.414dm3 = 6.02 x1023 molecules.
1 mole of NH3 gas at STP contain 22.414 dm³ = 6.02 x1023 molecules.

iii) One mole of sodium (Na) and one mole of aluminum (Al) contain the same number of atoms, but
the size of their atoms is different.
Answer:
One mole of any substance always contains 6.023×1023 . So, one mole of both Na & Al contain
6.023×1023 molecules. However, Na belongs to Group 1 and Al belongs to Group 3. They have a
different no of valence e(s) that have different sizes of electronic cloud. Thus, their sized are different.

iv) limiting reactant is always in lesser quantity in reaction mixture or not.

Answer:
The reactant which consumes first in a chemical reaction is called limiting reactant.
It completely consume in a chemical reaction that is why it is lesser quantity.

v) Amount of product obtained through Balance chemical equation is greater than the amount
obtained experimentally.
Answer:
This happens due to the following reasons:
(i) Formation of by products due to side reactions.
(ii) Reversible reactions may not go to completion.
(iii) Mechanical loss due to filtration, distillation & separation etc.

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

vi) What are the basic assumption in stoichiometric calculations?

Answer:
i) Reactants are completely converted into products.
ii) No side reaction occurs.
iii) Law of conservation of mass & law of definite proportion is obeyed.

vii) 18g of steam has Avogadro’s no of molecules but 58.5g of NaCl has not.
Answer:
Steam (H2O) is a molecular substance, in which H2O molecules exist independently. So, 18g H2O = 1 mole
= 6.023×1023 molecules. But NaCl = 1 mole = 6.02×1023 formula units of NaCl.
So, 18g of steam has Avogadro's No of molecules but 58.5g of NaCl does not have molecules. It has formula
units. If NaCl is ionized then the number of particles becomes double.

viii) Why 2 moles of Na react with 1 mole of chlorine gas to produce 2 mole of NaCl.
Answer:
This is according to balanced chemical reaction of NaCl.
2𝑁𝑎 + 𝐶𝑙2 ⟶ 2𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙
This eq. shows 2 mole of Sodium react with 1 mole of chlorine gas to produce 2 mole of chlorine gas
to give 2 moles of NaCl.

Q#3 Calculate each of the following quantities

i) Mass in grams of 0.74 mol KMnO4.
Moles of KMnO4 = 0.74 mol
Molar mass of KMnO4 = 39 + 55 + (4 × 16) = 39 + 55 + 64 = 158 g/mol
Mass = Moles × Molar mass
Mass = 0.74 mol ×158 g/mol
Mass = 116.92 g
ii) Moles of O atoms in 9.229 g Mg(NO3)2.
Mass of Mg(NO3)2 = 9.229 g
Molar mass of Mg(NO3)2 = 24 + 2(14 + 3 × 16) = 24 + 2(14 + 48)
= 24 + 2(62) = 148g/mol
Moles of Mg(NO3)2 = Mass / Molar mass = 9.229 g / 148 g/mol = 0.0623 mol
No. of O atoms = Moles of Mg(NO3)2 × NA × Atomicity
No. of O atoms = 0.0623 mol × 6.022×1023
No. of O atoms = 3.75×1022 × 6
No. of O atoms = 2.25×1023 atoms
𝑁𝑜.𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠
Moles of O atoms = 𝑁𝐴
2.24×1023 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠
= = 0.37 𝑚𝑜𝑙
6.022×1023
iii) No. of O atoms in 0.0379 g CuSO4.5H2O.
Mass of CuSO4.5H2O = 0.0379 g
Molar mass = 63.5 + 32 + 4 × 16 + 5(2 × 1 + 16)
= 95.5 + 64 + 90 = 249.5 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 0.0379𝑔
Moles of CuSO4.5H2O = 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 249.5𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 1.48× 10−4 mol
No. of O atoms = Moles × NA × Atomicity = 1.48×10−4 mol × 6.022×1023 ×9
= 8×1020 atoms

iv) Mass in kg of 2.6 × 1020 molecules of SO3.

No. of molecules = 2.6 × 1020
No. of molecules = Moles ×NA
𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 2.6×1020
Moles = 𝑁𝑜. = 6.022×1023 = 4.31 × 10−4 mol
𝑁𝐴
Molar mass of SO3 = 32 + (3 ×16) = 32 + 48 = 80 g/mol
Mass of SO3 = Moles × Molar mass = 4.31×10−4 mol × 80 g/mol = 0.03448 g
0.03448𝑔
Mass of SO3 in kg = = 3.448×10−5 kg
1000

v) Mass in mg of 0.45 mole of CuCl2.2H2O.

Moles of CuCl2.2H2O = 0.45 mol
Molar mass of CuCl2.2H2O = 63.5 + (2 × 35.5) + 2[2×1 + 16]
= 63.5 + 71 + 2(18) = 63.5 + 71 + 36 = 170.5 g/mol
Mass = Moles × Molar mass = 0.45 mol × 170.5 g/mol = 76.725 g
Mass in mg = 76.725 g × 1000 = 76725g

vi) Mass in grams of 2.78×1021 molecules of N2O4.

Molecules of N2O4 = 2.78×1021 molecules
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 2.78×1021
Moles = = 6.022×1023 = 4.62 × 10−3 mol
𝑁𝐴
Molar mass of N2O4 = (2×14) + (4×16) = 28 + 64 = 92 g/mol
Mass = Moles × Molar mass = 4.62×10−3 mol × 92 g/mol
Mass= 0.425 g

vii) Volume of SO2 at STP of 4.8×1022 molecules of SO2.

No. of molecules of SO2 = 4.8×1022 molecules
𝑁𝑜.𝑜 𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 4.8×1022
Moles of SO2 = = 6.022×1023 = 0.07973 mol
𝑁𝐴
1 mole of SO2 at STP = 22.414 dm3
0.07973 mole of SO2 at STP = 22.414 dm3/mol × 0.07973 mol = 1.787 dm3
0.07973 mole of SO2 at STP = 1.787 dm3

viii) Mass in gram of Ca(NO3)2 having 2×1021 ions of Nitrate.

𝐶𝑎(𝑁𝑂3 )2 ⟶ 𝐶𝑎2+ + 2𝑁𝑂3−
ions of Nitrate = 2×1021 ions
Nitrate ions = Moles × NA
2×1021 = Moles × 6.02 × 10−3
Mass = Moles × Molar mass
Mass = 1.66×10−3 mol × 164 g/mol = 0.272 g

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

A.T.E (According to the equation):

2 moles of NO13− = 1 mole of Ca(NO3)2
1 mole Ca(NO3 )2
3.32×10−3 mol of NO3−1 = × 3.32×10−3 mol
2 moles 𝑁𝑂3−
3.32×10−3 mol of NO3−1= 1.66×10−3 moles of Ca(NO3)2

ix) Total Number of ions in 14.3g CaBr2

Mas of CaBr2 = 14.3g
Molar = 4 + 2 × 80 = 200g/mol
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 14.3𝑔
Moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 200𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.0715mol
No. of ions = No. of moles × 𝑁𝐴 × Atomicity
No. of ions = 0.0715 × 6.022 × 1023 × 3
No. of ions = 1.29 × 1023 ions

x) covalent bonds in 22g of dry ice.

Mass of ice = 22g 𝑂=𝐶=𝑂
Molar mass of ice, 𝐶𝑂2 = 44g/mol
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 22𝑔
Moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 44𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.5mol
No. of covalent bonds = moles × 𝑁𝐴 × No. of covalent bonds in 1 molecules
[0.5mol × 6.022 × 1023 × 2] According to VSEPR Theory
No. of covalent bonds = 0.5mol × 6.022 × 1023 × 4
= 3.011 × 1023 × 4
= 1.2 × 1024 bonds

Q#04 Calcium ion can be precipitated from solution by sodium oxalate.

𝐶𝑎2 + 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 → 𝐶𝑎𝐶2 𝑂4 + 2𝑁𝑎 +
Is 15g Ca2+ can be completely precipitated by 15g of Sodium oxalate. If Ca2+ ions are left in solution,
calculate how much Ca2+ ions are left in the solution.
Answer:
Mass of 𝐶𝑎2+ = 15g
15𝑔
Moles of 𝐶𝑎2+ = 40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.375 𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mass of 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 = 15g
15𝑔
Moles of 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 = 134𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.112 mol.
Since, 𝐶𝑎2+ ions are left in the solution. So, it is non-limiting reactant while Na2C2O4 is Limiting reactant
Limiting Reactant = Non-limiting reactant
According to balanced chemical equation
1 mole of Na2C2O4 = 1 mole of 𝐶𝑎2+
0.112 mol of Na2C2O4 = 0.112 mol of 𝐶𝑎2+
Moles of 𝐶𝑎2+ left unreacted = Total – used
= 0.375 mol – 0.112 mol
= 0.263 mol

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

So, 15g of 𝐶𝑎2+ cannot be completely precipitated by Na2C2O4 rather 0.263 mol of 𝐶𝑎2+ are left.

Q#05 0.05 mol of potassium chlorate heated for a time and its 0.015 mol left. How much KCl
produced, also calculate molecules of 𝑶𝟐 produced?
Answer:
Total moles of 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 = 0.05 mol
Left moles of 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 = 0.015 mol
Used moles of 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 = Total - Left
= 0.05 mol – 0.015 mol
= 0.035 mol
2𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 → 2𝐾𝐶𝑙 + 3𝑂2

According to balanced chemical equation

2 moles of KClO3 = 2 moles of KCl
2 moles of KCl
0.035 moles of KClO3 = 2moles of KClO3 × 0.035 moles of KClO3
0.035 moles of KClO3 = 0.035 moles of KCl
Mass of KCl = 0.035 × 74.5 = 2.6g
Calculating molecules of O2
According to balanced chemical equation
2 mol of KClO3 = 3 mol of O2
3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓𝑂
2
0.5 mol of KClO3 = 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂 × 0.5 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3
3
0.5 mol of KClO3 = 0.75 mol of O2
No. of molecules = moles × NA of O2
= 0.75 × 6.022 × 1023
= 4.52 × 1023 molecules

Q#06 Calculate No. of moles of water produced by 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 molecules of 𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 and 20g of NaOH?
𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 + 𝟐𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 → 𝑵𝒂𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 + 𝟐𝑯𝟐 𝑶
Answer:
Molecules of 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 = 5 × 1024 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 5×1024
Moles of 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 = = 6.022×1023 = 8.3 mol
𝑁𝐴
Mass of NaOH = 20g
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 20𝑔
Moles of NaOH = 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.5 mol
According to balanced chemical equation
1 mole of H2SO4 = 2 moles of H2O
8.3 mol of H2SO4 = 16.6 mol of H2O
According to balanced chemical equation
2 mol of NaOH = 2 mol of H2O
1 mol of NaOH = 1 mol of H2O
0.5 mol of NaOH = 0.5 mol of H2O
NaOH has produced least no. of moles of water. So, it is limiting reactant. Consequently,

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

No. of moles of water produced are 0.5 mol.

Q#07 Formalin is an aqueous solution of Formaldehyde (HCHO), used as preservative of biological
specimens. A biologist wants to prepare 1 dm3 of 11.5M formalin. What mass of Formaldehyde
he requires?
Answer:
V = 1 dm3
M = 11.5M
Moles of solute
Molarity = dm3 of sol.
Moles of solute
11.5M = 1dm3
Moles = 11.5 mol
Molar mass of HCHO = 1 + 12 + 1 + 16 = 30 g/mol
Mass = 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 × 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Mass = 11.5 𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 30 g/mol
Mass = 345 g

Q#08 What mass of 𝑪𝒂𝑪𝑶𝟑 would you use to add to 100 cm3 of 0.5M HCl to completely neutralize
acid? 𝑪𝒂𝑪𝑶𝟑 + 𝟐𝑯𝑪𝒍 → 𝑪𝒂𝑪𝒍𝟐 + 𝑪𝑶𝟐 + 𝑯𝟐 𝑶
Answer:
V = 100 cm3 = 0.1 dm3
M = 0.5M
Moles of solute
Molarity =
1dm3 of solution
Moles of HCl
0.5M = 0.1 dm3
Moles of HCl = 0.5𝑀 × 0.1 𝑑𝑚3 = 0.05 mol

According to balanced chemical equation

2 moles of HCl = 1 mole of CaCO3
1 mole of CaCO3
0.05 moles of HCl = × 0.05 moles of CaCO3
2 moles of HCl
Molar mass of CaCO3= 40 + 12 + 3 × 16 = 100 g/mol
Mass of CaCO3 = Moles × Molar mass
Mass of CaCO3 = 0.025 mol × 100 g/mol
Mass of CaCO3 = 2.5 g

According to the balanced chemical equation:

2 moles of HCl = 1 mole of CaCO3
1 mole of CaCO3
0.05 moles of HCl = × 0.05 mol of HCl
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙
0.05 mol of HCl = 0.025 moles of CaCO3
Molar mass of CaCO3 = 40 + 12 + 3(16) =100g/mol
Mass of CaCO3 = Moles × Molar mass Mass
= 0.025mol×100g/mol
Mass of CaCO3 = 2.5g

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

Q#09 Calculate the mass of oxygen required for the complete combustion of 1 mole of gasoline
(C8H18)?
C8H18 + 25O2 → 8CO2 + 9H2O
Answer:
Mass of 𝑂2 = ?
According to the balanced chemical equation:
1 mole of C8H18 = 25 moles of O2
Mass of O2 = Moles × Molar mass
= 25mol × 32g/mol
= 800 g

Q#10 Graphite is a crystalline form of carbon used in ‘lead’ pencil.

(a) How many moles are present in 315 mg of graphite?
Mass of graphite = 315 mg = 0.315 g
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 0.315g
Moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 12g/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.026 𝑚𝑜𝑙

(b) How many carbon atoms are in it?

Number of C – atoms = Moles × NA × Atomicity
= 0.02625mol × 6.022 × 1023×1
= 1.57 × 1022 atoms

Q#11. Manganese is transition metal essential for the growth of strong bones, calculate mass of
𝟑. 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟎 atoms of manganese found in 1kg of bone?
Answer:
No. of atoms = 3.22 × 1020
Mass = ?
No. of atoms = Moles × 𝑁𝐴
3.22×1020
= moles
6.022×1023
Moles
Mass = 5.35 × 10−4 × 55
Mass = 0.0294g

Q#12. How much mass of excess reactant left after 40.5g of Aluminium metal reacts with 196g of
H2SO4 ?
𝟐𝑨𝒍 + 𝟐𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 ⟶ 𝑨𝒍𝟐 (𝑺𝑶𝟒 )𝟑 + 𝟑𝑯𝟐
Answer:
Mass of Al = 40.5g
Mass of H2SO4 = 196g
40.5g
Moles of Al = 196g = 2 mol

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

According to the balanced chemical equation

2 mol of Al = 1 mole of 𝐴𝑙2(𝑆𝑂4 )3
1 mole of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3
1.5 mol of Al = × 1.5 mol of Al
2 mol of Al
1.5 mol of Al = 0.75 mole of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3

According to balanced chemical equation

3 mol of H2SO4 =1 mol of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3
1 mol of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3
2 mol of H2SO4 = 1 mol of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3 × 2 mol of H2SO4
3 mol of H2SO4
2 mol of H2SO4 = 0.67 mol of 𝐴𝑙2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3
Since, H2SO4 has produced least no. of moles of product. So, it is limiting reactant and Al is reactant
in excess.
Limiting Reactant = Non-limiting Reactant
3 mol of H2SO4 = 1 mol of Al
1 mol of Al
2 mol of H2SO4 = 3 mol of H2SO4 × 2 mol of H2SO4
2 mol of H2SO4 = 1.33 mol of H2SO4
Moles of Al left unreacted = Total – used
= 1.5 mol – 1.33 mol = 0.2 mol
Mass = mol × molar mass
= 0.2 mol × 26.9g/mol
= 5.4g

Q#13. Calcuate mass of SO2 that will be produced with 155g of Cu from roasting CuS.
𝑪𝒖𝑺 + 𝑶𝟐 ⟶ 𝑪𝒖 + 𝑺𝑶𝟐
Answer:
Mass of Cu = 155g
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 155𝑔
Moles of Cu 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 63.5𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 2.44 𝑚𝑜𝑙
According to balanced chemical equation
1 mole of Cu = 1 mole of SO2
2.44mol of Cu = 2.44 mol of SO2
Moles of SO2 = 2.44 mol
Molar mass of SO2 = 32 + 2 × 16 = 64𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mass of SO2 = moles × molar mass
= 2.44mol × 64 g/mol
= 156.16g

Q#14. SO2 is air pollutant it contributes to acid rain. Its emission is controlled by absorbing it into a
base (NaOH). Calculate mass of SO2 absorbed by 33g of NaOH.
𝐒𝐎𝟐 + 𝟐𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 ⟶ 𝑵𝒂𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 + 𝑯𝟐 𝑶
Answer:
Mass of NaOH = 23g
Molar mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 33𝑔
Moles of NaOH = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.825𝑚𝑜𝑙
According to balanced chemical equation
2 moles of NaOH = 1 mole of 𝑆𝑂2
1 mole of 𝑆𝑂2
× 0.825 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
2 mol of NaOH
0.825 mol of NaOH = 0.4125 mol of SO2
Mass of 𝑆𝑂2 = ?
Moles of 𝑆𝑂2 = 0.4125 mol
Molar mass = 32 + 2 × 16 = 64𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mass of SO2 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 × 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
= 0.4125 × 64𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

Q#15. Postassium super oxide (KO2) is used as source of oxygen re – breathing mask.
𝟒𝑲𝑶𝟐 + 𝟐𝑯𝟐 𝑶 ⟶ 𝟒𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝟑𝑶𝟐
Answer:
Identify limiting reactant in each of the following mixutres.
i) 6.4 moles of KO2 and 2.1 moles of H2O
moles of KO2 = 6.4 mol
Moles of H2O = 2.1 mol

According to balanced chemical equation

4 mol of KO2 = 4 mol of KOH
1 mol of KO2 = 1 mol of KOH
6.4 mol of KO2 = 6.4 mol of KOH

According to balanced chemical equation

2 mol of H2O = 4 mol of KOH
4 mol of KOH
2.1 mol of H2O = × 2.1 mol of H2O
2 mol of H2O
2.1 mol of H2O = 4.2 mol of KOH
Since, H2O has produced least [Link] moles of product so, it is limiting reactant.

ii) 8.4 moles of KO2 and 1.5 moles of H2O

2 mol of KO2 = 4 mol of KOH
4 mol of KOH
8.4 moles of KO2 = × 8.4 moles of KO2
2 mol of KO2
8.4 moles of KO2 = 8.4 mol of KOH
Moles of 𝐻2 𝑂 =1.5 mol

According to balanced chemical equation

2 mol of H2O = 4 mol of KOH
4 mol of KOH
1.5 mol of H2O = × 1.5 mol of H2O
2 mol of H2O
1.5 mol of H2O = 3 mol of KOH
Since, H2O has produced least [Link] moles of product. So, it is limiting reactant.

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

TEXTBOOK EXERCISE MCQs

1. Choose the letter of the best answer
i) Which sample produces most hydrogen by reaction with excess of HCl?
A. 0.25mol Ca B. 0.25mol Al C. 0.25mol Zn D. 0.25 Na

ii) A flask contains 500 cm³ of SO₂ at STP. The flask contains SO₂:
A. 40 g B. 100 g C. 50 g D. 1.42 g

iii) When 1 mole of each of the following is completely burnt in oxygen, which will give the greater mass of
CO₂?
A. CO B. Diamond C. Ethane D. Methane

iv) Which one occupies more volume at STP.

A. 1 g O₂ B. 1g H₂ C. 1gCH₄ D. 1g NO₂

v) 0.2 moles of Na₂SO₄, when completely ionized produce Na⁺ ions.

A. 2.4 x 10²² B. 2.4 x 10²³ C. 1.204 x 10²³ D. 0.12 x 10²³

vi) How much volume of NH₃ gas produced when 3g H₂ react with excess of N₂ at STP.
A. 24 dm³ B. 22.4dm³ C. 2.4 dm³ D. 1.2dm³

vii) When equal volumes of SO₂ and O₂ taken for the formation of SO₃, which one will be Left unreacted.
A. SO₂ B. O₂ C. Both D. Not possible

viii) 0.1 moles of laughing gas (N₂O) consist of.

A. 6.022 x 10²³ molecules B. 1.806 x 10²³ atoms
C. 1.204 x10²³ atoms of N D. All

ix) Which pair contains equal quantities?

A. Volume of 28g N₂ and 8g CH₄ at STP
B. Molecules in 0.1 mole NH₃ and 2.2414 dm³ O₂ at STP
C. Mass of 1.204 x 10²⁴ molecules of CO₂ and 4.8 x 10²⁴ atoms of NH₃
D. Bonds in 56g N₂ and 2 mole CH₄

x) 2X + 3Y → 1Z When 12 moles of y react with excess of X and give 3 moles of Z, its percentage yield
is?
A. 25% B. 33.33% C. 66% D. 75%

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 Chapter No.4 Stoichiometry

ANSWERS TO MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

3
𝐴𝑙 + 3𝐻𝐶𝑙 → 𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙3 + 2 𝐻2 𝑁𝑎 + ½ 𝐻 2→ 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 + ½ 𝐻 2
i) B 𝐶𝑎 + 2𝐻𝐶𝑙 → 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙₂ + 𝐻₂ 𝑍𝑛 + 2𝐻𝐶𝑙 → 𝑍𝑛𝐶𝑙₂ + 𝐻₂
Thus, Al will produce most hydrogen.
22414 cm³ SO₂ at STP = 1 mole SO₂
ii) D 500 cm³ SO₂ at STP = 500/22414 = 0.0223 mole SO₂
Thus mass of SO₂ = 0.0223 × 64 = 1.42 g
1 mole of ethane gives 2 moles of CO₂ which is highest among all.
𝐶𝑂 + ½ 𝑂₂ → 𝐶𝑂₂
iii) C 𝐶 + 𝑂₂ → 𝐶𝑂₂
𝐶₂𝐻₆ + 7/2 𝑂₂ → 2𝐶𝑂₂ + 3𝐻₂𝑂
𝐶𝐻₄ + 2𝑂₂ → 𝐶𝑂₂ + 2𝐻₂𝑂
1 1
No. of moles of 𝑂2 = 32 No. of moles of 𝐻 2 = 2. So, highest number of moles are for H₂
iv) B 1 1
No. of moles of 𝐶𝐻 4 = 16 No. of moles of 𝑁𝑂2 = 46 Hence, H₂ occupies more volume.
𝑁𝑎₂𝑆𝑂₄ ⇌ 2𝑁𝑎⁺ + 𝑆𝑂₄²⁻
v) B Since 1 mole of Na₂SO₄ produces Na⁺ ions = 2 × 6.02 × 10²³ molecules
So 0.2 mole of Na₂SO₄ produces Na⁺ ions = 0.2 × 2 × 6.02 × 10²³ = 2.4 × 10²³ molecules
The reaction is 𝑁₂ + 3𝐻₂ → 2𝑁𝐻₃. The number of moles of H₂ = 3/2 = 1.5 moles
Thus, according to eq. 3 moles of H₂ gives NH₃ = 2 moles
vi) B
1.5 moles of H₂ gives NH₃ = 2/3×1.5 = 1 mole
Hence 1 mole of NH₃ at STP occupies volume = 22.414 dm³
The reaction is 2𝑆𝑂₂ + 𝑂₂ → 2𝑆𝑂₃. Thus, volume of SO₂ is twice used than that of
vii) A O₂. Hence, if equal volumes are taken, then SO₂ will be consumed earlier. So, it is the limiting
reactant.
1 mole of N₂O = 6.02×10²³ molecules.
So, 0.1 mole of N₂O = 0.1×6.02×10²³ = 6.02×10²² molecules
viii) D Moreover, 1 molecule of N₂O contains 2 N atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
So, 6.02×10²² molecules contains 2×6.02×10²² N atoms and 6.02×10²² O atoms. Adding these
two give total atoms = 1.806 × 10²³. SO, all options are correct.
22.414 dm³ = 1 mole O₂
ix) B SO 2.2414 dm³ = 2.2414/22.414 = 0.1 mole
Since, moles of both NH₃ and O₂ are equal (0.1 mole). So, both occupy same volume at STP
From equation 3 moles Y = 1 mole Z
x) D SO 12 moles Y = 12/3 = 4 moles Z (Theoretical yield)
Actual yield = 3 moles (given). So % yield = 3/4×100 = 75%

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