Created by;
Mr. Hidra, R
Meaning of Internet
The Internet is a worldwide system of computer networks, that connects a
huge computer devices to cover the world.
Historical background of the internet:
The internet evolution timeline, show how the internet has grown and
changed.
❑ It developed from 1969 to the 2020s.
❑ It start with ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network) in
1969.
❑ In 1970s introduce rules how computer talk to each other Called
(TCP/IP).
❑ In 1980s people began using E-mail.
Cont..
❑ The 1990s brought the World Wide Web making the internet useful for
everyone.
❑ In 2000s and beyond, faster internet (broadband), Smartphones, Social
media, cloud storage, videos streaming etc.
Importance of the Internet
✓ It connects people across the world.
✓ It allows people communicate and share information instantly.
✓ It is a powerful tools for leaning.
✓ It is used to business
✓ It build relationships.
✓ It plays avital role in personal development.
✓ It’s the best invention for disseminating information.
✓ It used to access and share knowledge and everything
worldwide
Cont..
Some of the key advantages of using the internet are summarized below.
Disadvantages of using the Internet
❑ Information overload
❑ Internet addiction
❑ Low self esteem.
❑ Spread of misinformation
❑ Security risk,
❑ Privacy issues
❑ Destroy of moral cultural etc.
Key terminologies used in Internet connectivity
❖ World Wide Web (WWW): Is system of interlinked hypertext documents
accessed via the internet.
❖ Web Page: Is a hypertext document that can be accessed over the WWW
through web browsers.
❖ Website: Is a collection of related web pages with the same theme
connected using hyperlinks.
❖ Web Server: Is a computer that stores web related files.
❖ Hyperlink: Is a link between two web resources and when clicked it direct
on another resources on the web
❖ Hypertext: Is a text that contains hyperlinks.
Cont..
❖ Uniform Resources Locator: Is a reference to web resource that specifies
its location on a computer network. The URL address has four scheme.
a) Specific transfer protocol to be used for transporting the file
b) The document name of the computer on which the file resides
c) The pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on which
the file resides
d) The name of the file.
Cont..
❖ Web browser: Is a software application used to access, retrieve, and view
information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
Features of a Web browser:
Search Engine
❖ Search engine: Is a software used to research for resources on the web
based.
Some of the commonly used search engine are:
a) Google ([Link] )
b) Yahoo ([Link] )
c) Bing ([Link] )
d) MSN ([Link] )
❖ Internet connectivity: Refers to how devices such as smartphones,
computers or tables are connected to the internet
Cont..
❖ Using Search engine: This works by using a special computer program
called a spider or crawler. This program visits websites, reads their
contents and follows link from one page to another.
❖ Wi-Fi: is wireless technologies that allows connects phones, tables or
computer to the internets.
❖ Broadband: is high-speed internet connections that provides fast and
continuous access without the need for dial-up.
❖ Mobile Data: Refers to the internet access provided through cellular
network (like 2G, 3G, 4G or 5G) that allows smartphones, tablets, and
other mobile device to connect to the internet
Cont..
❖ Satellite Internet: Is a wireless connection that dishes located on Earth
and in space.
Cont..
❖ Fiber Optic Cable: Is the cable uses light signals transmitted through thin
strands of glass or plastic (optic fibers) to deliver high-speed internet.
❖ Internet Service Provider: These are companies specialized in
communication business.
Basic requirement for Accessing the internet
a) A computer or Mobile Device
b) A modem/router
c) An internet service provider
d) Software. Eg Web browser
Modem: Is a communication or network device that
performs two key processes, namely modulation and
demodulation.
Cont..
❑ Deliverables: Is a screenshot or notes showing the modem setting pages.
❑ Hypertext Transfer Protocols (HTTP): Is a protocol that governs the
process of transmitting information on the web.
❑ MAC Address: Is a unique identifier assigned to each network adapter at
the time of manufacture.
❑ Protocol: Is a set of rules that govern communication between computers
on a network.
❑ Hypertext Markup Language: Is a language used to create webpages.
❑ IP Address: Is an address used to identify a computer and other devices
on a network.
Cont..
❖ Domain Name System: Is a system that allow user to be familiar with
website names like, [Link], [Link] or [Link] etc.
The Internet Services and Application
❑ Electronic mail: Is a system of sending and receive digital messages between people
using electronic device such as computer, Mobile Phones etc.
❑ Social Media: These are platform that let users to send messages, share pictures,
videos, Voice.
❑ Cloud computing and storage: Is a way of using the internet to store, manage and
access data and programs instead of saving them directly on computer or mobile
phones. Benefits of cloud storage:
✓ Access anywhere
✓ Data backup
✓ Easy sharing
✓ Collaboration
✓ Save space
Cont..
❑ E – Learning platforms and online education: Are digital system systems
or websites that enable teaching and learning to occur online.
❑ Online Marketing: This is done through e-commerce software and
websites.
❑ Online Auctions: Is a practiced of direct selling and buying goods among
customers through bidding in online auction.
❑ Online Finance: These are services that practiced through computer or
mobile phones provided by financial institutions.
❑ Manufacturing: These are industries that are operated using Internet
services.
❑ Online Forums: these are online services where people contributes to
verbal and written discussion about a particular subject.
Cont..
❑ Video conferencing: These enables real-time communication between
people in different locations.
❑ Internet of Things (IoT): Is a system of smart devices that can connect to
the internet and communication with each other without human help. Eg
they use sensors:
Ethical and responsible use of the Internet
The internet is essential tools for:
➢ Communication
➢ Education
➢ Business
➢ Entertainment
➢ And Socialization.
This Makes an end of
Chapter One