ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 1

Physics # 01 SOLUTIONS
* BASIC MATHEMATICS USED IN PHYSICS AND VECTORS

* PHYSICAL WORLD, UNITS, DIMENSIONS AND ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT

* KINEMATICS (MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE AND MOTION IN A PLANE)

* NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION & FRICTION

Solutions Basic Maths & Vector

yux÷u fu, H:B:P=5:3:4
BEGINNER'S BOX-1
4 5
\ sinq = cosec q =
5 4
1
1. (i) tan (–30°) = –tan 30° = -
3 3 5
cos q = secq =
5 3
(ii) sin (120°) = sin (180° – 60°)
4 3
3 tan q = cotq =
= sin 60° = 3 4
2
1 BEGINNER'S BOX-2
(iii) sin (135°) = sin (90° + 45°) = cos 45° =
2
1. P(8, –4) yLku Q(0, a) çku ®çkËwyku Au. PQ ytíkh 10 Au.
3 \ ytíkh Mkqºk ÃkhÚke
(iv) cos(150°) = cos (180° – 30°) = –cos(30°) = -
2

PQ = (x2 - x1 )2 + (y2 - y1 )2

3p /2 2p
(v) sin (270°) = (–1) (from graph) 0 =
p/2 p (0 - 8)2 + (a + 4)2

Þ PQ = 64 + (a 2 + 16 + 8a)
p/2
(vi) cos 270° = 0 0 p 2p
3p /2
Þ 10 = 80 + a2 + 8a
5 Þ a2 + 8a + 80 = 100 Þ a2 + 8a = 20
2. sec q =
3
Þ a2 + 10a – 2a – 20 = 0
=5
H P=4 Þ (a – 2) (a + 10) = 0 Þ (a = 2) yLku (a = –10)
q
B=3 \ a=2

H 5 2. P(x1, y1, z1) = (0, –1, +1)

ykÃkýu òýeyu Aeyu fu, sec q = =
B 3 y™u Q(x2, y2, z2) = (3, 3, 13)
3 ytíkh MkqºkLkku WÃkÞkuøk fhíkkt
cos q = ;
5

ykÃkýu òýeyu Aeyu fu 3, 4, 5 ÃkkÞÚkkøkkuhMkLke rºkÃkwxe Au. Þ PQ = (x2 - x1 )2 + (y 2 - y1 )2 + (z 2 - z1 )2

\ P=4 = 9 + 16 + 144 = 169 = 13

2 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
d
Dy y 2 - y1 6. (i) (x – 1) (2x + 5)
3. Zk¤{kt m = = x - x = tan q dx
Dx 2 1
d d
= (x – 1) (2x + 5) + (2x + 5) (x – 1)
dx dx
Dy (0 - 2) -2
m= = =
Dx (3 - 0) 3 = (x – 1) (2) + (2x + 5)(1) = 2x – 2 + 2x + 5

= 4x+3
BEGINNER'S BOX-3
d 1 0-2 -2
1. (i) y = x7/2 (ii) = =
dx (2x + 1) (2x + 1)2 (2x + 1)2
dy d 7/ 2 7 7 -1 7
= (x ) = x 2 = x5 / 2 d æ 3x + 4 ö (4x + 5)(3) - (3x + 4)(4)
dx dx 2 2 (iii) ç ÷=
dx è 4x + 5 ø (4x + 5)2
dy -1
(ii) y = x–3 \ = -3x -4
dx =
(4x + 5)2
dy d æ x2 ö (x 3 + 1)(2x) - x 2 (3x 2 )
(iii) y = x \ =1 (iv) ç ÷=
dx dx è x 3 + 1ø (x3 + 1)2

(iv) y = x5 + x3 + 4x1/2 + 7
2x 4 + 2x - 3x 4 2x - x 4
= = 3
dy (x 3 + 1)2 (x + 1)2
= 5x4 + 3x2 + 2x–1/2 + 0
dx

= 5x4 + 3x2 + 2x–1/2 BEGINNER'S BOX-4

(v) y = 5x4 + 6x3/2 + 9x x15+1 x16

òx
15
1. (i) dx = +C= +C
15 + 1 16
dy
= 20x3 + 9x3/2 – 1 + 9 3
dx - +1 1
x 2 -
òx
-3 / 2
(ii) dx = + C = -2x 2 + C
= 20x + 9x
3 1/2
+ 9 3
- +1
2
dy
(vi) y = ax2 + bx + c Þ = 2ax + b 3x -6
dx
ò (3x + x ) dx =
-7 -1
(iii) + log e x + C
1 -6
(vii) y = 3x5 – 3x –
x
- x -6
dy 1 = + log e x + C
= 15x4 – 3 + 2 2
dx x
ds 2
2. s = t2 + 5t + 3 Þ = 2t + 5 æ 1 ö
dt (iv) ò ç x + ÷ dx
è xø
1 2 ds
3. s = ut + at \ = u + at
2 dt
æ 1 ö x2
4. A = 3t2 + 7 cm2
= òè x ø
ç x + + 2÷ dx =
2
+ loge x + 2x + C

dA d æ 1ö x2
= (3t 2 + 7) = 6t
dt dt (v) ò è xø
ç x + ÷ dx =
2
+ log e x + C
dA
at t = 5, = 30cm2 / s
dt æ a bö
(vi) ò çè x 2
+ ÷ dx = ò (ax -2 + bx -1 )dx
xø
5. A = pr2
ax -2+1 a
dA d = + b logex + C = – + b log e x + C
= (pr2) = 2pr -2 + 1 x
dr dr
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 3

BEGINNER'S BOX-5 BEGINNER'S BOX-8

¥ ¥
GMm
òR x2 dx = GMmòR x dx
-2
1. (i) a 2 1
1. s¥ = = =
1-r 1 3
¥ 1+
é x -1 ù GMm 2
= GMm ê ú = R
ë -1 û R é1 1 1 ù
2. Fnet = GMm ê 2 + 2 + 2 + .......¥ ú
r2 ër 2r 4r û
-kq1q 2
(ii) ò dx
r1
x2 é1 / r2 ù
ê ú 2GMm
= GMm ê 1 - 1 ú =
r2
é x -1 ù é1 1ù
= –kq1q2 ê kq1 q 2 ê - ú r2
ú = ë r2 r1 û ë 2û
ë -1 û r1
v v
é v2 ù 1 BEGINNER'S BOX-9
(iii) ò Mv dv = M ê ú = M(v 2 - u2 )
u ë 2 û u 2
¥
é x1 / 2 ù
¥ 1. çk¤kuLkw {qÕÞ A y™u B Au.
ò0
-1 / 2
(iv) x dx = ê 1 ú =¥
ê ú íkku A – B = 10 Mk{efhý ÃkhÚke
ë 2 û0
p /2 Þ A = 10 + B ...............(1)
sin x dx = [ - cos x ]0
p/2
(v) ò = 1
0
yLku A 2 + B2 = 50
p/2

cos x dx = [ sin x ]0
p/2
Þ A2 + B2 = 2500 .................(2)
(vi) ò 0
=1

p/2 Mk{efhý (1) yLku (2) Lku Wfu÷íkk

cos x dx = [ sin x ]- p / 2 = 2
p /2
(vii)
-p /2
ò A = 40N yLku B = 30N

BEGINNER'S BOX-6 ykÚke çk¤kuLkwt {qÕÞ 40N y™u 30N

1. (i) 10x – 27x + 5 = 0 2

2. q yu a$ y™u b$ ðå[uLkku ¾qýku Au.

2 2
- b ± b - 4ac 27 ± ( -27) - 4(10)(5)
x= =
2a 20 b gb g
a$ - b$ = 12 + 12 - 2 1 1 cos q = 2
27 ± 23 5 1 p
= Þx= , Þ cos q = 0 Þ q = 90° or radian
20 2 5 2
(ii) (pq)x2 – (p2 + q2)x + (pq) = 0
a$ + 3 b$ = 1 + 3 + 2 3 cos q = 1 + 3 = 2
2 2 2 2 2
(p + q ) ± (p + q ) - 4(pq)(pq)
x= r r
2pq r r A-B
3. e j
A - B Lke rËþkLkku yuf{ MkrËþ = r r
A-B
(p2 + q 2 ) ± (p2 - q 2 ) p q
= Þx= ,
q p
2pq
e3$i + 2$jj - e2$i + 3$j - k$ j $i - $j + k$
= =
BEGINNER'S BOX-7 e3$i + 2$jj - e2$i + 3$j - k$ j 3

1. 1 + 2 + 3 + .................. + 50 $ $ q
4. Q A + B = 2 Þ 2 × 1 × cos = 2
n 50 2
sn = [2a + (n – 1)d] = [2+ (49)1]
2 2 q 1 q
= 25 [51] = 1275 Þ cos = Þ = 45° Þ q = 90°
2 2 2
2. 12 + 22 + 32 .................+102
ˆ = 2 × 1 × sin q = 2 × sin 45° =
ˆ -B
A
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) (10)(11)(21) 2 2
s= = = 385
6 6
4 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
1 1
BEGINNER'S BOX-10 Þ a$ . b$ = Þ cos q = Þ q = 60°
2 2
1. Q Ax = 4, Ay = 6 so Ax + Bx = 10 yLku r r
Ay + By = 9
4. (a) A y™u B ðå[u Lkku ¾q ý ku q Au . íkku
(a) Bx = 10 – 4 = 6m y™u By = 9 – 6 = 3m
cos q=
r r
A×B
=
(2iˆ - 2jˆ - kˆ ) × (ˆi + ˆj )= 0
= 0
(b) ÷tçkkE = 2iˆ + 2jˆ - kˆ ˆi + ˆj
2 2
B +B
x y = 36 + 9 = 45m AB 3 2

æ By ö æ3ö æ1ö Þ q = 90°

(c) q = tan–1 ç B ÷ = tan -1 ç ÷ = tan-1 ç ÷ (b) Ãkrhýk{e MkrËþ
è xø è6ø è2ø
r r r
2. e $
j
a, b yLku g yu MkrËþ 5$i + 2$j + 6k Lkk yLkw¢{u x, y y™u ejR = A + B = 2$i - 2$j - k$ + $i + $j = 3$i - $j - k$
e j e j
z-yûk MkkÚkuLkk ¾qýkyku Au. \ x-yûk Ãkh Ãkrhýk{eLkku «ûkuÃk = 3
r r
Ax 5 5 5. a Lkku b (iˆ + ˆj) Lke rËþk{kt MkrËþ ½xf
íkku cos a = = = , r r r
A 5i + 2jˆ + 6kˆ
ˆ 65
= (acosq) b̂ =
FG
ab cos q b a. b r
= r b
IJ
cos b =
Ay
=
2
=
2 bH b |b|2 K
A 5iˆ + 2ˆj + 6kˆ 65
(2$i + 3 $j ).($i + $j ) $ $
A 6 6 = (i + j)
cos g = z = = [ 12 + 12 ]2
A 5i + 2jˆ + 6kˆ
ˆ 65
2´1+ 3 ´1 $ $ 5
yk MkrËþkuLke rËþkí{f cosines Lkk ðøkkuoLkku Mkhðk¤ku = ( i + j ) = ($i + $j )
2 2
52 + 22 + 62 65
cos 2 a + cos 2 b + cos 2 g = = =1
r r r r 65r 65 BEGINNER'S BOX-12
$
3. A y™u B Lkku Ãkrhýk{e (R) = A + B = (6 $i –6 $j +5 k ) +
$ $ $
( i +2 j – k ) r r $i $j k$
= 7 $i –4 $j +4 k$ 1. (a) Mk{ktíkh çkksw [íkw»fkuýLkwt ûkuºkV¤ = A ´ B = 3 1 0
0 1 2
\ ( R$ ) Lku Mk{ktíkh yuf{ MkrËþ {kxu
r $
R 7 $i - 4$j + 4k$ 7 $i - 4 $j + 4k$ = 2$i - 6$j + 3k = 22 + -6 + 32 = 7 units
2
b g
= r = =
R 7 $i - 4$j + 4k$ 9 r r
(b) A yLku B çkLLkuLku ÷tçk yuf{ MkrËþ
BEGINNER'S BOX-11 r r
$n = A ´B 2$i - 6$j + 3k$ 2 6 3$
r r = = $i - $j + k
1. Q a = b = 1 so a2 + b2 + 2ab cosq = ( 3 )2 = 3 A´B 7 7 7 7

1 r r r r
Þ 1 + 1 + 2cosq = 3 Þ cosq = 2. 3 A ´ B = A. B
2
r r r r
(a - b) . (2a + b) = 2a – b – abcosq
2 2
Þ 3 ABsinq = ABcosq
1 1 Þ tanq = 1/ 3
=2–1– =
2 2 Þ q = 30°
r r r r
2. Q A y™u B yu yufçkeòLku ÷tçk Au. 3. òu A y™u B rºkfkuýLke çku çkkswyku nkuÞ íkku ûkuºkV¤
r r
\ A.B = 0 1 r r AB
= A´B =
2 4
( )(
Þ 4iˆ - 2jˆ + 4kˆ . -4iˆ + 2jˆ + akˆ = 0 )
\
1
AB sin q =
AB
Þ sin q =
1
2 4 2
Þ –16 – 4 + 4a = 0 Þ a = 5
Þ q = 30° OR 150°
3. Q (a$ + 2b$ ) yu (5a$ - 4b$ ) Lku ÷tçk Au. r r r r r r
4. | A × B |2 = | A |2 | B |2 – ( A . B )2
\ (a$ + 2b$ ) · (5a$ - 4b$ ) = 0 r r
\ 82 = 22 × 52 – ( A . B )2
r r
Þ 5a$ . a$ - 4a$. b$ + 10b$ . a$ - 8 b$ . b$ = 0 Þ ( A . B )2 = 100 – 64 = 36
r r
Þ 5 + 6a$ . b$ – 8 = 0 Þ 6a$ . b$ = 3 \ A.B = ± 6
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 5
EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) Build Up Your Understanding

2. {n¥k{ ®f{ík = ( -5)2 + (12)2 = 13 22. B R

6
3. 1 Þ cos q = 5 q
q 6 A
5
R B/ 2 1
4. x = 4t2 yLku y = 2t Þ x = y2 Þ Ãkhð÷Þkfkh {køko sinq = = = Þ q = 45°
B B 2
5. ®çkËw 1 yLku 3 ÃkhÚke 23. B
q yu ÷½wfkuý Au yLku ðÄu Au. R
\ (tanq) ðÄþu
b
Zk¤ (m) = tanq
a
®çkËwyku 1 yLku 3 ÃkhÚke Zk¤ ðÄþu. A
dy dx Ãkrhýk{e yu ðÄw {qÕÞ Ähkðíkk MkrËþ íkhV Lk{u÷ nkuÞ Au.
6. y = 3x + 5 Þ =3 ykÚke A > B íkku a < b.
dt dt
r r r
Þ y–Þk{ yu ÍzÃkÚke çkË÷kþu. 24. A + B = C Þ C2 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cos q

7. Þ A2 + B2 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cos q
y
B Þ cos q = 0 Þ q = 90°

A C 31. (A – B) £ R £ (A + B) Þ Rmin = 4, Rmax = 16

x ykÚke 8N yu çku çk¤kuLkw Ãkrhýk{e Au.

r r r
A Úke B MkwÄe : q ÷½wfkuý Au yLku ½xu Au ykÚke (tan q) ½xu Au. 34. A+B =C Þ A2 + B2 + 2AB cos q = C

B Úke C MkwÄe{kt : q økwYfkuý Au y™u ðÄu Au.

y™u A + B = C Þ A2 + B2 + 2AB cos q = A + B
Ãký {qÕÞ ½Lk Au.
íkuÚke, B Úke C {kt {qÕÞ ðÄþu. Þ A2 + B2 + 2AB cos q = A2 + B2 + 2AB
8. x-yûk Ãkh, y = 0 íkuÚke x2 + 2 –3x = 0 Þ x = 1 yLku 2 Þ cos q = 1 Þ q = 0°
ykÚke ð¢ x-yûkLku (1, 0) y™u (2, 0) Ãkh AuËþu.
35. R12 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cosq
9. t = 1 MkufLzu, xA = 3, xB = 6, yA = 1 y™u yB = 5
r r r
R2 = A - B Þ R22 = A2 + B2 – 2AB cosq
ykÚke ytíkh = ( x B - x A )2 + ( y B - y A )2
2 2 ykÚke R12 + R22 = 2(A2 + B2)
= ( 6 - 3) + ( 5 - 1) = 32 + 42 = 5
ur ur
37. F1 – F2 £ F 1 + F 2 £ F1 + F2
x
10. ¼ws (x) = 2 [fkuxe (y)] Þ x = 2y Þ y =
2 þqLÞ Ãkrhýk{e {u¤ððk {kxu F3 yu F1 – F2 y™u
11. òu çkksw = a, íkku Mk{Þ MkkÚku Ãkrhr{rík{kt ðÄkhku F1 + F2Lke ðå[u nkuðku òuEyu. F1 – F2 £ F3 £ F1 + F2
r r r r
æ da ö 38. òu A + B = A = B
= 4 ç ÷ = 4(0.2) = 0.8 cm / s
è dt ø íkku íku{Lke ðå[uLkku ¾qýku q = 120°
1 g 1 r r
12. Q f= \ f2 µ Äkhku fu A = B = a
2p l l
r r
1 1 1 1 4 ykÚke A - B = A2 + B2 - 2AB cos q
13. S¥ = 1 + + + + ......... = =
4 16 64 1-1 3 r
4
= (
a 2 + a 2 - 2a 2 - 1
2)
= 3A
6 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
40. R=2a cos(q/2) Þ a = 2a cos(q/2) r r r
55. P +Q =R yLku P2 + Q2 = R2
Þ cos(q/2) = 1/2 Þ q/2 = 60° Þ q = 120°
41. ˆ 1 + nˆ 2 = 1
n
q
13
1 + 1 + 2cos q = 1 Þ 2 + 2 cosq = 1
2 2
R Q 12
-1 P
Þ cosq = Þ q = 120°
2 5
ˆ 1 - nˆ 2 = 12 + 12 - 2 ´ 1 ´ 1cos120° = 3
n
12 æ 12 ö
cosq = Þ q = cos -1 ç ÷
42. 1= ( 0.5) + ( 0.8 ) + c2
2 2 13 è 13 ø
rr
c2 + 0.64 + 0.25 = 1 Þ c2 + 0.89 = 1 57. W = F.S = ( 3iˆ + 2jˆ ) .(2iˆ - 3j)
ˆ =6–6=0
r r
Þ c = 0.11 58. P.Q = PQ
43. cos2a + cos2b + cos2g = 1 Þ PQ cos q = PQ
1 – sin2a +1 – sin2b + 1 – sin2g = 1 Þ cos q = 1 Þ q = 0°
3 – (sin2a + sin2b + sin2g) = 1
sin2a + sin2b + sin2g = 3 – 1 = 2 B sin q
uur 59. tan a = = tan90° = ¥
44. A = $i + $j + 2k$ A + B cos q
Ax Ay A ykÚke, A + B cos q = 0 Þ cosq = –A/B
cos a = ,cos b = ,cos g = z r r
A A A r r A×B
1 1 2 1 60. A Lkku B ™e rËþk{kt ½xf = A cos q = B
cos a = ,cos b = ,cos g = =
2 2 2 2 r r r r
r æ A×B ö æ A×Bö r
a ˆi + ˆj
45. â = r = MkrËþ MðYÃk{kt = ç ÷ B̂ = ç 2 ÷ B
a 2 è B ø è B ø
ur uur ur r r
46. = 3i$ + 6j$ - 2k$ A × B = ( 3iˆ + 4jˆ ) × ( ˆi + ˆj ) = 7
ur = A + B
R
R Lku Mk{ktíkh yuf{ MkrËþ
( 12 + 12 ) = 2
2

3i$ + 6j$ - 2k$

1 $ $ B2 =
= ( 3i + 6j - 2k )
$
R̂ =
2 2 2 7
r r 3 + 6 +r 2 r 7 ˆ ˆ
(i + j)
47. A + B = ˆi Þ B = ˆi - A = ˆi - ( ˆi - ˆj + kˆ ) = ˆj - kˆ yk{, sYhe ½xf =
2
x - comp 2 r r r r
49. y-yûk MkkÚku ¾qýku Þ tanq = = 61. òu A ^ B íkku A.B = 0
y - comp 3
æ2ö ( 3iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ ).(5iˆ + 2ˆj - Sk)
ˆ =0
Þ q = tan–1 ç ÷
ur uur uur ur è 3 øuur Þ 15 + 2 – 2S = 0
50. R= A ( ˆ ) (
ur + B +uurA - B
ˆ ) Þ R = 2A Þ 2S = 17 Þ S = 8.5
ykÚke R y™u A Mk{kLk rËþk{kt uur ur
62. A Lkku B Ãkh «ûkuÃk
51. n̂ = aiˆ + bjˆ Þ a 2 + b2 = 1 yÚkðk a2 + b2 = 1 uur ur
AB cos q A.B uur ˆ
( aiˆ + bjˆ ) × (ˆi + ˆj ) = 0 Þ a + b = 0 = A cos q =
B
=
B
= A.B
1 -1 uur ur
a2 + b2 = 1 Þ a=
2
,b=
2 A.B (ˆi + ˆj ) . ( ˆj + kˆ ) 1
r r r r r r 63. cos q = = = Þ q = 60°
P.Q ( ) (
A+B . A-B ) AB 2 2 2
52. cos q = r r = r r r r r r
P Q A+B A-B
A.B ( 3iˆ + 4ˆj + 5kˆ ) . ( 3iˆ + 4ˆj - 5kˆ )
64. cos q = = =0
A 2 - B2 AB ( 5 2 )( 5 2 )
= r r r r = 0 Þ q = 90°
r A +r B Ar - Br
53. ( )(
A+B . A-B = 0
r r )
r r
Þ q =90°
ur uur
Þ A2 – A . B r+ rB . A r – rB2 = 0 66. P.Q = 0 Þ ( ai$ + a$j + 3k$ ) . ( ai$ - 2j$ - k$ ) = 0
Þr Ar = B r (Q A . B = B . A ) a2 – 2a – 3 = 0 Þ (a – 3) (a + 1) = 0
54. A+B= C Þ A2 + B2 = C2 a = 3 yLku a = –1
r r
ykÚke A yLku B ðå[uLkku ¾qýku 90°. ur r
67. W = F.S = ( 3i$ + 4j$ ). ( 3i$ + 4j$ ) = 9 + 16 = 25J
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 7
r r r r r
ˆ ˆ
(3iˆ + 4k).j 78. A ´ B = 0 Þ A||B
68. «ûkuÃk = =0 r r r r r
ĵ B ´ C = 0 Þ B||C
r r
69. ( 2i$ + 3j$ + 8k$ ) .( 4j$ - 4iˆ + ak$ ) = 0 yk{ A yLku C Mk{ktíkh nkuE þfu
–8 + 12 + 8a = 0 Þ 8a = – 4 1 r r
a = –1/2 79. rºkfkuýLkwt ûkuºkV¤ = A ´B
2
uur ur r r r
70. A = 3i$ + 4j,
$ B = 6i$ + 8j$ 80. v =w´r

$i $j k$ ˆi ˆj kˆ
uur ur r r
A ´ B = 3 4 0 = 0i$ + 0j$ + 0k$ = 0 v = 1 -2 ˆ + 2)
3 = ˆi( -2 - 3) - ˆj(1 - 3) + k(1
6 8 0 1 1 1

A = 32 + 42 = 5 & B = 62 + 82 = 10 = -5iˆ + 2jˆ + 3kˆ

uur ur
A × B = ( 3i$ + 4j$ ) . ( 6i$ + 8j$ ) = 18 + 32 = 50 1 r r
r r r 81. Mk{ktíkh çkksw [íkw»fkuýLkwt ûkuºkV¤ = d ´ d2
2 1
71. òu F1 = kiˆ Q F1 ´ F2 = 0 r r
r d1 yLku d2 rðfýkuo Au.
F2 x-rËþk{kt nkuE þfu
r r r r
r 82. ( A ´ B ) y™u ( B ´ A ) yu «ríkMk{ktíkh MkrËþku Au ykÚke
ykÚke F2 = -4iˆ
ur uur íku{Lke ðå[uLkku ¾qýku 180° yÚkðk p rad.
73. P ´ Q = ( PQ sin q ) n$ r r
ur uur 83. A = akˆ , B = bjˆ
n$ yu P y™u Q Lkk Mk{ík÷Lku ÷tçk yuf{ MkrËþ Au. r r
ur uur ur uur
µ µ A ´ B = ab(kˆ ´ ˆj)
$n = P ´ Q = æ P ö ´ æ Q ö æ 1 ö = P ´ Q
ç ÷ ç ÷ç ÷ = ab (–i) = ab (Ãkrù{ rËþk{kt)
PQ sin q è P ø è Q øè sin q ø sin q
ur uur r r r r r
75. P´Q = R 84. |A ´ B| =|A × B|
ur ur uur
R yu ^ yu P yLku Q Lkk Mk{ík÷Lku ÷tçk Au. Þ AB sin q = AB cos q
ur ur ur uur ur ur uur Þ sin q = cos q
yk{ R ^ P,R ^ Q and R ^ ( P + Q )
r r r r r r Þ tan q = 1 Þ q = 45°
77. òu R = A + B y™u C = A ´ B r r r r
r r r r 86. A ×B = 0 Þ A ^ B
ykÚke, C yu ^ 0 A y™u B Lkk Mk{ík÷Lku ÷tçk yLku C ^ r r r r
r
R Ãký Þ A×C = 0 Þ A ^ C
r r r r r r r r
C.R = 0 Þ ( A + B ) . ( A ´ B ) = 0 Þ A||B ´ C

EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET

r r
r r2 r r2 4. A ×B = 0
1. A+B = A-B
wt wt
Þ A2 + B2 + 2AB cosq = A2 + B2 – 2AB cosq cos wt cos + sin wt sin =0
2 2
Þ cos q = 0 Þ q = 90° æ wt ö
uur ur uur ur cos ç wt - = 0 Þ cos wt = 0
2. è 2 ÷ø 2
A ´ B = 3 A.B Þ AB sinq = 3 AB cosq
wt p p
Þ tanq = 3 Þ q = 60° Þ = Þ t=
2 2 w
r r r r
R= A 2 + B2 + 2AB cos60° = (A + B + AB)
2 2 ½
5. A+B = A-B
e
r r Þ A2 + B2 + 2AB cosq = A2 + B2 – 2AB cosq
3. d
Þ f = d + er Þ cos q = 0 Þ q = 90°.
f r r r r r r r
6. Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3 = 0 Þ a = 0 Þ v = y[¤
8 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) Master Your Understanding

p 42' 11 R
1. q = 42' = ´ = rad. Q
180 60' 900
7. q
11 P
l = rq = × 360000 = 4400 km R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQcosq
900
2Q R1
1

2. v av =
ò vdt = ò (2t + 3)dt = (t
0
2
+ 3t)10
= 4m / s
ò dt
1
(t)10
ò dt 0
q
a = 90°
3. F1 + F2 = 16 ...(i)
P
8= F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cos q -P
2Q sin q
tana = =¥ Þ cosq =
Þ F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cos q = 64 ...(ii) P + 2Q cos q 2Q
R
( -P )
F2 R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ ÞR=Q
2Q
r r r
8. òu P = Q = R y™u P + Q = R
q a = 90°
q1 = 60°
F1
F2 sin q ® ®
tan a = = tan 90° = ¥ R Q
F1 + F2 cos q
q1
®
F2cosq = –F1 ...(iii) P
r r r
(i), (ii) yLku (iii) Lku Wfu÷íkkt Þ F1 = 6N, F2 = 10N òu P = Q = R yLku P + Q + R = 0

( ) q2 = 120°
2
4. (x 2
+ y2 )

( )
2 ® ®
= ( x + y)
2
+ ( x - y ) + 2 ( x + y )( x - y ) cos q
2
R Q

x2 + y2 = 2(x2 + y2) + 2(x2 – y2)cosq ®

q2 P
( x2 + y2 )
cosq = – q2
2 ( x2 - y 2 ) q1 =
uur uuur uuuur 2
5. Dr = OB - OA B
uuuur uuur
( F 2 + F 2 + 2F 2 cos q ) = 3 ( F )( F )
2
®
Dr 9.
=
|OA||OB| =l
uur q 2F2 + 2F2 cosq = 3F2
|Dr|= l2 + l2 - 2l2 cos q O A
1
cos q = Þ q = 60°
= 2l (1 - cos q) =
2
2l ´ 2sin q / 2
2 2 2
r 3 $ 1$
= 2lsinq/2 10. r = 1cos a$i + 1cos b$j + 1cos gkˆ = i + j + 0kˆ
r r r r 2 2
6. A+B+C =0
A = B= a, yLku C = 2a

135°

C B
90° 90°

135° A
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 9

BEGINNER'S BOX-1
1. økwhwíðkf»keo y[¤ktfLkwt Ãkkrh{krýf Mkqºk = [M–1L3T–2]
-1 3 -2
é M1 ù é L1 ù é T1 ù
n2 = n1 ê ú ê ú ê ú
ë M2 û ë L 2 û ë T2 û
ynªt,
MKS CGS
n1 = 6.67 × 10–11 n2 = ?
M1 = kg M2 = g
L1 = m L2 = cm
T1 = sec T2 = sec

-1 3 -2
é kg ù é m ù é sec ù
n2 = 6.67 × 10 –11
ê g ú êë cm úû êë sec úû
10 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) Build Up Your Understanding

m/s Dq ¾qýku
2. ðuøk «[÷Lk = = s -1 24. w= = = [M 0 L0 T -1 ]
m Dt Mk{Þ
kg / mxs2 kg 25. F = at + bt2
Ëçkký «[÷Lk = = 2
at yLku bt2 Lkk Ãkrh{ký F suðk nkuðkÚke
m m ´ s2
m =FÞ a[T] = [M1L1T–2]
MÚkkLkktíkh «[÷Lk = = unitless
a = [M1L1T–3]
m
kg ´ m / s 2 bt2 = F Þb[T]2 = [M1L1T–2]
çk¤ «[÷Lk = = kg / s 2
b = [M1L1T–4]
m
r
3. Ãk]cíkký =
F
= [M1L0 T-2 ] 27. xkufo rt = rr ´ F
l
xkufo {kxu Ãkkrh{krýf Mkqºk rt = [L1] [M1L1T–2]
F´x
~ÞkLkíkk, h = = [M1L-1 T-1 ] = [M1L2 T–2]
A´ v
DX DM DL DT
31. ´ 100 = a %+b %+c %
6. r = 0.5 gm/cc, 1gm = 10–3 kg X M L T
= aa% + bb% + cg%
1cc = 10–6 m3 DX
× 100 = (aa + bb + cg)%
X
0.5 ´ 10-3 DX Da Db Dc
r= -6
kg / m3 = 500 kg/m3 32. X = ab2 / c3 Þ = ±2 ±3
10 X a b c
11. 1 Parsec = 3.26 ly = 3.08 × 1016 m DX
´ 100 = ±1% ± 2 ´ 3% ± 3 ´ 2% = ±13%
X
h [Qòo / ykð]r¥k ] éëM L T ùû
1 2 -1

12. = = = [T -1 ]
I [ Mr 2 ] éëML2 ùû l 4p2 l
34. T = 2p Þg= 2
g T
13. bt y™u cx yu sine Lke ½kík nkuðkÚke Ãkrh{ký hrník Au.
bt = M0L0T0 cx = M0L0T0 Dg Dl 2DT
= + = y + 2x
g l T
b = M0L0T–1 c = M0L–1T0
DA Dl
éë T -1 ùû 35. A = l2 Þ ´ 100 = 2 ´ 100 = 2 (2% ) = 4%
A l
T–1] = v = íkhtøk ðuøk
b/c = é -1 ù = [LT
ëL û V DR DV DI
36. R= Þ = +
1 I R V I
14. íkhtøk MktÏÞk = K = = [M0L–1T0]
l DR æ 5 0.2 ö
Þ ´ 100 = ç ´ 100 + ´ 100 ÷ = 7%
16. çk¤ = [M L T ]
1 1 –2 R è 100 10 ø
ðsLk = mg = [M][L1T–2] = [M1L1T–2] 37. Ãkrh½ (S) = 2pr
[M1L2 T -2 ] DS Dr
Qòo «[÷Lk = [L1 ]
= [M1 L1 T–2] ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 4%
S r
dv
ÂMÚkrík{kLk «[÷Lk = – 38. Lk¤kfkhLke òzkE yk «{kýu ÷¾e þfkÞ
dx
t = t ± Dt
[M1L2 T -3 A -1 ]
= = [M1L1 T–3A–1] t = r2 – r1 = 4.23 – 3.89 = 0.34
[L1 ]
Dt = Dr1 + Dr2 = 0.01 + 0.01 = 0.02
x éL ù
22. Ãkkrh{krýf heíku k = = ë -û1 = [T1 ] t = (0.34 ± 0.02) cm
v éë LT ùû
39. I = 2/5 MR2
23. P = P0 e -at2
DI DM DR
= +2
at2 yu Ãkrh{kýhrník Au. I M R
1 DI
yk{ a Lkw Ãkrh{ký = = [T-2 ] ´ 100 = 1% + 2 ´ 2% = 5%
t2 I
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 11
40. H = I Rt
2 3 2
2k l
48. X= ykÃku÷ Au.
DH 2DI DR Dt m n
Þ ´ 100 = ´ 100 + ´ 100 + ´ 100
H I R t DX Dk Dl Dm 1 Dn
\ =3 +2 + +
= 2 ( 2% ) + 1% + 1% = 6% X k l m 2 n
X {kt «ríkþík ºkwrx
1
41. KE = mv2
2 DX æ Dk Dl Dm 1 Dn ö
× 100 = ç 3 +2 + + ÷ ´ 100
DKE Dm Dv X è k l m 2 n ø
= +2
KE m v 1
= 3 × 1 % + 2 × 2% + 3% + × 4%
DKE 2
´ 100 = 2 + 2 × 3 = 8%
KE = 3% + 4% + 3% + 2% = 12 %
l 4p l 2
ykÚke X Lke ®f{ík{kt y[ku¬MkkE 12 %.
42. T = 2p Þg= 2
g T 49. L.C. (÷.{k.þ.) = 1MSD – 1VSD
Dg Dl 2DT
´ 100 = ´ 100 + ´ 100 N VSD = (N–1) MSD
g l T
( N - 1)
= 1% + 2 ( 3% ) = 7% 1VSD = MSD
N
F F ( N - 1) æ1ö 1
43. P= = 2 {n¥k{ ºkwrx {kxu LC=1MSD – MSD = ç ÷ MSD = mm
A L N èNø N
1
DP DF 2DL LC = cm
´ 100 = ´ 100 + ´ 100 10N
P F L
19
= 4% + 2(2%) = 8% 50. 20 VSD = 19 MSD Þ 1 VSD = MSD
20
44. Mk{½LkLkw fË V = (çkksw)3 19
L·C· = 1MSD – 1VSD = 1 MSD – MSD
\ V = a3. log yLku íkVkðík ÷ku. 20
1
DV Da L·C = MSD
´ 100 = 3 ´ 100 = 3(±1%) = ±3%. 20
V a
1
rl Þ 0.1 = MSD Þ MSD = 2mm .
46. íkkhLkku yðhkuÄ R = 20
pr 2
æ b - aö æ 10 - 8 ö 1
DR Dr Dl Dr 51. L.C. = çè ÷ø M = çè ÷´ cm = 0.02 cm
´ 100 = ´ 100 + ´ 100 + 2 ´ 100 b 10 ø 10
R r l r
52. ÷.{k.þ 0.001 cm Lke nkuðkÚke ÔÞkMkLkwt Mkk[w {kÃk Ëþktþ
= 1% + 2% + 2(3%) = 9%
r[ö ÃkAe 3 ytfku MkwÄe ykðu
47. MkkÚkof ytfkuLkk rLkÞ{ {wsçk 0.007 m2 {kt yuf MkkÚkof ytf
nkuÞ Au.
2.64 ×1024 kg ÃkkMku ºký MkkÚkof ytfku
0.0006032 m2 ÃkkMku [kh MkkÚkof ytfkuu Au.
6.3200 J ÃkkMku Ãkkt[ MkkÚkof ytfkuu Au.
12 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET
b 1 2
1. v = at + 7. h= gt ({wõík ÃkíkLk {kxu)
t+c 2

Ãkkrh{krýf heíku, 2h Dg Dh 2Dt

g= Þ = + = e1 + 2e2
at = v Þ a[T] = [LT ] Þ a = [LT ]
–1 –2 t2 g h t

c = t Þ c = [M0L0T1] 8. (µ 0Î0)–1/2 = c = «fkþLke ÍzÃk

(µ 0Î0)–1/2 = [L1T–1]
b b
= v Þ = [LT -1 ] Þ b = [M0L1T0] 9. ÿÔÞLke ½Lkíkk
t+c T

g 4 ´ 1000 100g (100g)

fkÞo çk¤ ´ ytíkh =4 = 3 = 40 3
2. Ãkkðh = i R Þ
2 = cm 3
100 (10cm) (10cm)
Mk{Þ Mk{Þ

DP DV
10. P µ V2 So ´ 100 = 2 ´ 100 = 5%
é MLT -2 L ù é 1 ù P V
Þ [R] = ê úê 2ú
ë T ûëA û
a 3 b2 DP
Þ [R] = [ML2T–3 A–2]. 11. P= Þ × 100
cd P

Qòo [M1 L2 T -2 ]
3. Qòo ½Lkíkk = fË = [L3 ]
æ Da Db Dc Dd ö
= ±ç3 +2 + + ÷ × 100
è a b c d ø
= [M1L–1T–2] = ± (3 × 1 + 2 × 2 + 3 + 4) = ± 14%
ð¢e¼ðLkktf = Ãkrh{ký hrník
é çk¤ ù é çk¤ ù
zkEE÷urõxÙ Ùf y[¤ktf = Ãkrh{kýhrník 12. [ˤ] = ê ú = êðuøk / Mk{Þ ú
ë «ðuøk û ë û
«ríkçk¤
Þtøk {kuzâw÷Mk = rðf]rík = [M1L–1T–2] = [F V–1 T]
13. Ãkkrh{krýf rð&÷u»ký ÷økkzíkk
-2
çk¤ 1 1
[M L T ] SµE V T
a b c
[wtçkfeÞ ûkuºk = ÿÔÞ{kLk = [AL] 1 0 –2 1 2 –2 a 1 –1 b 1c
[M L T ] = k [M L T ] [L T ] [T ]
= [M1T–2A–1] 1 0 –2
[M L T ] = k [M L T
a 2a –2a b –b c
] [L T ] [T ]
(a, d) y™u (b, c) Lku Mk{kLk Ãkrh{kýku Au. 1 0 –2
[M L T ] = k[M] [L]
a 2a+b
[T]
–2a–b+c

4 3 DV 3 Dr Mkh¾kðíkk
4. V= pr Þ ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 3(2%) = 6%
3 V r
2a + b = 0 –2 = –2a – b + c
a =1
5. [çk¤] = [MLT–2] b = –2 –2 = –2(1) + 2 + c

[Ëçkký] = [ML–1T–2] c = –2
[ðuøk] = [LT–1] ykÚke Ãk]cíkkýLkwt Ãkkrh{krýf Mkqºk [E1V–2T–2]
[«ðuøk] = [LT–2] ðifÂÕÃkf Wfu÷ :
Ãk]»X Qòo
Ãk]cíkký =
1 Qòo ûkuº kV¤
6. Î0 E 2 = Qòo ½Lkíkk = = [M1L–1T–2]
2 fË
[E]
[Ãk]cíkký] =
–2 –2
= [E V T ]
[V × T]2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 13
x y z
14. nc µ [h r r ] 17. MVøkusLkwt hezªøk
[L1T-1] µ [M1 L–1 T–1]x [M1 L–3 ]y [L1]z
= MSR + VSR ×LC + þqLÞºkwrx
[L1T–1] µ [Mx+y] [L–x-3y+z] [T–x]
= 0.5 cm + 25 × 0.001 cm + 0.004 cm
çkLLku çkksw Mkh¾kðíkkt = 0.529 cm
x + y = 0, –x – 3y + z = 1, –x = –1
A 2 B1 / 2
Þ x = 1, y = –1, z = –1 18. x=
C1 / 3 D 3
15. l µ hxG ycz Dx 2DA 1 DB 1 DC DD
= + + +3
M0L1T0 =
x y
(ML2T–1) (M–1L3T–2) (LT–1)
z x A 2 B 3 C D
= Mx–y L2x+3y+z T–x–2y–z Dx 1 1
Þ ´ 100 = 2(1%) + (2%) + (3%) + 3(4%) = 16%
Mkh¾kðíkk : x 2 3

1 1 3 dQ dT
x-y =0 üÞ x = ; y = ;z = - 19. = -(K)A
ï 2 2 2 dt dx
2x + 3y + z = 1 ý
hG
-x - 2y - z = 0ïþ Þ l µ 3/2 J
= (K)m2
kelvin
c s m
c (K) = watt m–1 K–1
é e2 ù
a b
16. [L] = [c] [G] ê ú ( n - 1)
ë 4pe0 û 20. n(VSD) = (n – 1)MSD Þ 1 VSD = MSD
n
c
[L] = [LT–1]a [M–1L3T–2]b éë M L3 T -2 ùû ( n - 1) ù
é
÷.{k.þ. =1MSD –1VSD= ê1 - MSD
[L] = La+3b+3c M–b+c T–a–2b–2c ë n úû
a + 3b + 3c =1
1 1 æ1ö 1
–b + c = 0 ÷.{k.þ. = MSD = ç ÷ cm = 2 cm
n n ènø n
a + 2b + 2c = 0
Wfu֒kk,
1 1
a= –2 ,b = ,c=
2 2
1
1 é e2 ù 2
\ L = 2 êG. ú
c êë 4p e0 úû
14 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) Master Your Understanding
1. Q [force] = [MLT–2] B
µ yuf{hrník Au ykÚke yuf{hrník ÚkkÞ.
\ çk¤Lkku yuf{ = (10g) (10cm) (0.1s) –2 l2
= (10 × 10–3kg) (10 × 10–2m)(10–1s)–2 \ B Lkku yuf{ l2 Lkk yuf{ ÚkkÞ.
= 0.1 kgms –2

= 0.1 N ykÚke B Lkku yuf{ ûkuºkV¤Lkku yuf{ ÚkkÞ.

2.63 + 2.56 + 2.42 + 2.71 + 2.80 Qòo

2. Mkhuhkþ {qÕÞ a = 8. Ã÷kLf y[¤ktf h = ykð]r¥k
5

a = 2.624 éML2 T –2 ù
ë û
h= = [ML2T–1]
y÷øk y÷øk hezetøk{kt rLkhÃkuûk ºkwrx é T –1 ù
ë û
Da1 = 2.624 – 2.63 = –0.006 Gm1m 2 Fr 2
F= \ økwhwíðeÞ y[¤ktf G =
Da2 = 2.624 – 2.56 = 0.064 r 2
m1m 2
Da3 = 2.624 – 2.42 = 0.204
Da4 = 2.624 – 2.71 = –0.086 [M1L1T –2 ][L2 ]
[G] = = [M–1L3T–2]
[M2 ]
Da5 = 2.624 – 2.80 = –0.176

Da1 + Da2 + Da 3 + Da 4 + Da5 M M

Da = = 0.11 sec 9. r= =
5 V pr 2 l

3. V = abc Þ V = 10 × 1 × 0.1 = 1 cm3 Dr DM 2Dr Dl

= + + ({n¥k{ ºkwrx {kxu)
r M r l
DV æ Da Db Dc ö
= ±ç + + ÷ DM 0.003
V è a b c ø ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 1%,
M 0.3
æ 0.1 0.01 0.001 ö Dr .005
DV = ± ç + + ÷ ´ 1 = ± 0.03 cm3 ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 1%
è 10 1 0.1 ø r 0.5

Dl 0.06
pD2 l ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 1%
4. QV= l 6
4
Dr
DV 2DD Dl æ 2 ( 0.01) 0.1 ö Þ × 100 = 4%
\ = + =ç + ÷ ´ 100 r
V D l è 4 5 ø
10. {w. Mfu÷Lkk 1 fkÃkkLkwt {qÕÞ, 1 M.S.D. = x cm
= 2.5% (÷øk¼øk)
(n - 1)x
ðýoÃkx Mfu÷Lkk 1 «ðkn {qÕÞ, 1 V.S.D. =
1 n
5. Q økríkQòo = mV 2
2 ÷.{k.þ. = 1 M.S.D. – 1 V.S.D.
nx - nx + x x
é E ù = = cm.
\ [m] = ê 2 ú = [E1V–2T0] n n
ëV û

7. ð¢e¼ðLkktf,
þqLÞðfkþ{kt «fkþLke ÍzÃk
µ=
{kæÞ{{kt «fkþLke ÍzÃk
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 15

Solutions Kinematics
® ® ® ®
BEGINNER'S BOX-1 çknwfkuýLkk rLkÞ{ {wsçk AD = AB + BC + CD
1. t = 2 min 20 sec = 120 + 20 = 140 sec
®
Ëhuf yuf Ãkqýo ¼ú{ý çkkË MÚkkLkktíkh þqLÞ ÚkkÞ. yÚkðk AD =50 ĵ + 40 î – 20 ĵ = 40iˆ + 30jˆ
®
140 1 |AD|= 402 + 302 = 50m
¼ú{ýLke MktÏÞk = = 3+ r
40 2 nðu AD Lkku Ãkrù{ MkkÚku W¥kh íkhVLkku fkuý q , Au íkku

1 30 3 æ3ö
\ ¼ú{ý{kt MÚkkLkktíkh = 2r tan q = = , so q = tan–1 ç ÷ =37°
40 4 è4ø
2
ykÚke MÚkkLkktíkhLke rËþk E 37° N (37° N of E)
(3 ¼ú{ý {kxu MÚkkLkktíkh = 0)
BEGINNER'S BOX-2
1
3+ ¼ú{ý {kxu ytíkh = 3 × 2pr + pr = 7pr 1. nðk{kt ytíkh (÷½wík{ ytíkh) = MÚkkLkktíkh = 260 km
2
hkuz ytíkh = 320 km
2. MÚkkLkktíkh yu ÃkÚkÚke Mðíktºk Au. MÚkkLkktíkh yu «khtr¼f y™u
fw ÷ ytíkh
ytrík{ MÚkkLk ðå[uLkwt ÷½w¥k{ ytíkh Au ykÚke Ëhuf AkufheLkwt (i) çkMkLke Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk =
fw ÷ Mk{Þ
MÚkkLkktíkh 400 m Úkþu. ‘B’ Akufhe {kxu MÚkkLkktíkh yu ðkMíkrðf
320
ÃkÚk ÷tçkkE sux÷wt Úkþu. =
8
3. ytíkh = 4 + 3 + 12 = 19 m = 40 km/h
(ii) çkMkLkku Mkhuhkþ ðu øk
MÚkkLkktíkh = 42 + 32 + 122 = 13 m
fw ÷ MÚkkLkktíkh 260
= =
1 Mk{Þ 8
4. ytíkh = ÃkÚk ÷tçkkE = × Ãkrh½ = 32.5 km/h
2
260
(iii) Ã÷uLkLke Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = 1040 km/h
1 1
= ´ 2pR = pR = (40p) m,
2 4

r 260
MÚkkLkktíkh = d = 2r = 80m (iv) yuhkuÃ÷uLkLkku Mkhuhkþ ðuøk=
1
4
5. (A) fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh = 50m + 40m + 20m = 110m =1040km/h
S
(B) Ãkqðo rËþk î y™u W¥kh rËþk ĵ Au 2. A C
® ® ® S/2 B t t
íkku AB = 50ˆj,BC = 40i,CD
ˆ = -20ˆj 3m/s 4.5m/s 7.5m/s
B Úke C {kt Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk
N
4.5 ´ t + 7.5 ´ t
(vAvg)B ® C =
40m 2t
B C
20m (vAvg)B ® C = 6 m/s
50m D A Úke C {kt Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk
W q
E S S
A +
2 2
(vAvg)A ® C = S S
S +
2´3 2´6
(vAvg)A ® C
= 4 m/s
16 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
3. 6:00 A.M. Úke 6:30 A.M. Lke ðå[u 6. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk
yk Mk{Þøkk¤k{kt r{rLkx fktxkLke xku[ (12 mark) Úke fw÷ MÚkkLkktíkh AO + OB
= =
(6 mark) {kt økrík fhu Au. fw÷ Mk{Þ Mk{Þ
\ MÚkkLkktíkh 1+1
= = 2 m/s
1
= 2 × (r{rLkx fktxkLke ÷tçkkE)
fw ÷ ÃkÚk ÷tçkkE
= 2 × 4.5 cm = 9 cm 7. (a) Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk =
fw ÷ Mk{Þ
y™u ÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ (t) = 30 min = 30 × 60 = 1800s
23
\ Mkhuhkþ ðuøk =
(28 / 60)
= 49.3 kmh–1
S 9 MÚkkLkktíkh
= = = 5 ´ 10-3 cm / s
t 1800 (b) Mkhuhkþ ðuøk =
Mk{Þ
Mkhuhkþ ðuøkLke rËþk 12 mark Úke 6 mark íkhV Úkþu.
÷½w¥k{ ytíkh 10
6:00 A.M. Úke 6:30 P.M. ðå[u = = = 21.4 km/h
Mk{Þ 28 / 60
yk Mk{Þøkk¤k{kt r{rLkx fkxku (12 mark) Úke (6 mark)
(c) çkLLku Mk{kLk LkÚke.
íkhV økrík fhþu.
\ MÚkkLkktíkh BEGINNER'S BOX-3
= 2 × (r{rLkx fkxkLke ÷tçkkE)
pR p ´ 5 –v ^i
= 2 × 4.5 cm = 9 cm 1. t = = = p sec
v 5
yLku ÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ (t) = 12 hrs yLku 30 minute
®
= (12 × 60 × 60 )s + (30 × 60)s D v = ( -5iˆ) - (5iˆ) = -10iˆ
v ^i
= 43200 s + 1800 s = 45000 s
®
\ Mkhuhkþ ðuøk ® D v -10iˆ ® 10
a avg = = r a avg = m/s2
s 9 t p p
= = = 2 ´ 10-4 cm / s
t 45000
2. x = 7t2 – 2t + 5
Mkhuhkþ ðuøkLke rËþk 12 mark Úke 6 mark íkhV Úkþu.
dx
4. ÍzÃk{kt VuhVkh (a) v = = 14t – 2
dt
10m/s
Dv = 10 – 10 = 0 t = 5 MkufLzu, v = 14 × 5 – 2 = 68 m/s
ðuø k{kt VuhVkh
dv
r r r 10m/s (b) a = = 14 m/s2
D v = vf - vi dt
= 10jˆ - ( -10j)
ˆ = 20jˆ MÚkkLkktíkh x5 - x 0
r (c) Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = =
{qÕÞ Dv = 20 m / s Mk{Þ 5-0
x5 = 7(5) – 2(5) + 5 = 170 m
2
5. (a) 0 Úke 5.0s {kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh,
x0 = 7(0)2 – 2(0) + 5 = 5m
S = (2.5) (5.0)2 = 62.5 m
170 - 5
yk Mk{Þ{kt Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk vAvg = = 33 m/s
5
fkÃku÷ ytíkh 62.5
vavg = = = 12.5 m/s (d) Mkhuhkþ «ðuøk
÷eÄu ÷ Mk{Þ 5
(b) ykÃku÷ S = (2.5)t2 ðuøkLkku VuhVkh v 5 - v 0
= =
Mk{Þøkk¤ku 5-0
dS d
íkífkr÷Lk ÍzÃk = dt = dt (2.5t ) = (2.5) (2t) = 5t
2
v5 = 14 × 5 – 2 = 68 m/s

\ At t = 5.0 MkufLzu ÍzÃk v0 = 14 × 0 – 2 = –2m/s

[v]t = 5S = (5.0) × (5.0) = 25 m/s 68 - ( -2)

aAvg = = 14m/s2
5-0
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 17
5. «r¢ÞkLkk Mk{Þu fkh y[¤ ÍzÃkÚke ykøk¤ ðÄþu.
BEGINNER'S BOX-4
íkuÚke, S1 = ut
1. a = a0 & u = 0

1 25 02 - u 2 u 2
íkuÚke S1 = 0 + a0 (5)2 = a fkh ðzu çkúuf ÷økkÔÞk çkkË fÃkkÞu÷ yth S2 = =
2 2 0 -2a 2a
y™u S1 + S2 (15 sec {kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh)
u2
1 225 íkuÚke fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh = S1 + S2 = ut +
= a (15)2 = a 2a
2 0 2 0
225 25 1
íkuÚke S2 = a0 - a 0 = 100a0 6. S n th = u + a(2n - 1)
2 2 2
25
a0
S1 1 S2 1
Þ = 2 = Þ S1 = 1.2 = 0 + ´ a ´ 11 ;
S2 100a0 8 8 2

2. v2 = u2 + 2aL
2.4
r 2aL = v2 – u2 a= ; a = 0.218 m/s2
11

L 1 2
Ãký v 2m = u2 + 2a 2 2
= u + (v - u ) BEGINNER'S BOX-5
2 2

2u2 + v 2 - u 2 u2 + v 2 u2 + v 2
1. ðuøk = s – t ð¢Lkku Zk¤
= = ; vm =
2 2 2
v Slope of A tan 30° 1
íkuÚke v = Slope of B = tan 60° = 3
A
3. v2 = u2 + 2as WÃkÞkuøk fhíkk B

2
æ uö
ç u – ÷ = u2 + 2(–a)s 2. (i) fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh
è nø
= xOA + xAB + xBC + xCD
æ2 1 ö 2
Þ ç – 2 ÷ u = 2as
èn n ø = 40 + 40 + 20 + 20 = 120 m
sYhe ÃkkrxÞkLke MktÏÞk N nkuÞ
íkku, x
+40m A
0 = u + 2(–a)Ns
2 2

O 4 5 6
æ2 1 ö u2 2 B D t (in sec.)
ykÚke, ç – 2 ÷ u2 =
èn n ø N –20 m
C
2
n
Þ N=
2n – 1
(ii) MÚkkLkktíkh = ytrík{ MÚkkLk – «khtr¼f MÚkkLk
5
4. «khtr¼f ðuøk u = 126 × = 35 m/s, = xD – xO = 0 – 0 = 0
18
s = 200 m
fw ÷ ytíkh 120
økríkLkk Mk{efhý ÃkhÚke v2 = u2 + 2as (iii) Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = = 20 m/s
fw ÷ Mk{Þ 6
Þ 0 = (35)2 + 2 a × 200 Þ a = –3.06 m/s2
\ «rík«ðuøk 3.06 m/s2 Au. MÚkkLkktíkh 0
(iv) Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = = = 0 m/s
v = u + at; 0 = 35 – 3.06 t Mk{Þ 6
t = 11.4 sec.
18 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
3. X
Q
BEGINNER'S BOX-6
P R
A u
B
1. {n¥k{ Ÿ[kE Ãknku[ðk sYhe Mk{Þ = g
O t
t1 10
t= = 1s
10
(a) A yu B fhíkk Mfq÷Lke ðÄw LkSf hnuþu (fkhý fu P yu Q fhíkk
2. B MkwÄe Ãknku[ðk ÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ B
O Lke LkSf Au)
u 10
(b) A yu B fhíkk Ônu÷w þY fhu Au. (t = 0 Mk{Þu A þYykík fhu tAB = = = 1 sec. H
g 10
Au) A
(c) B yu A fhíkk ÍzÃke [k÷u Au (B Lkku Zk¤ yu A Lkk Zk¤ fhíkk tAC = 5sec. (ykÃku÷)

ðÄw Au) íkuÚke tBC = 5 – 1 = 4 sec. h

(d) A yLku B Mk{kLk t1 Mk{Þu ½hu Ãknku[þu (yk÷u¾{kt ºkwxf hu¾k{kt
1 2 1
ËþkoÔÞk {wsçk) SBC =
2
gt =
2
(10)(4)2
O
C
(e) B yu A Lku yufðkh ykuðhxuf fhu Au (R ®çkËw ÃkkMku A yLku B
= 80 m
{kxuLkk yk÷u¾ AuËu Au.)
u 2 (10)2
4. (i) fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh = v – t ð¢ Lke[uLkw ûkuºkV¤ SAB = = = 5m
2g 20
1 1
=
2
(2 × 2) + 2(4 – 2) + (10 + 2) × 1
2 (a) xkðhLke Ÿ[kE h = 80 – 5 = 75 m

1 (b) vc = 0 + gtBC = 40 m/s

× 5 × 10 = 37m
2
(c) fkÃku÷ ytíkh = 5 + 80 = 85 m
fw÷ ytíkh 37
(ii) Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = = 3.7 m/s 85
fw ÷ Mk{Þ 10 (d) Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = 17 m/s
5
(iii) «ðuøk = v – t ð¢Lkku Zk¤
75
íkuÚke su ¼køk{kt Zk¤ {n¥k{ BC nþu íÞkt «ðuøk {n¥k{ nþu. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = – = –15 m/s
5
10 - 2
amax = aBC = = 8m/s2 3. 10 sec ÃkAe çk÷qLkLkku ðuøk = 0 + 1.25 × 10
1
(iv) «rík«ðuøk = CDLkku Zk¤ (su Éý Au.) = 12.5 m/s

0 - 10 1 2 1
= = |–2| = 2m/s2 fkÃku÷ ytíkh = at = (1.25) × 102
5 2 2

5. 5 MkufLz ÃkAe ðuøk = 0 + 10 × 5 = 62.5 m

= 50m/s
u2
ÃkrhÂMÚkrík {wsçkLkku v – t yk÷u¾ yk {wsçk Au. (i) h =
2g

v(m/s)

50m/s

5s 15s t(s)
fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh = v-t ð¢ Lke[u ûkuºkV¤
1
= (50 × 5) + 50 × (15 – 5) = 625m
2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 21
BEGINNER'S BOX-8 3. Äkhku fu økku¤e A M¢eLk MkkÚku u ðuøkÚke yÚkzkELku t Mk{Þ çkkË
M¢eLk B {kt ½wMku Au.
1. (i) Mk{rûkríks OX rËþk{kt xufheLkk O ®çkËw ÃkhÚke «rûkó ÃkËkÚko
u
u = 98 m/s ðuøkÚke Vufðk{kt ykðu Au. íku xkøkuox P Ãkh Ãknkuut[u Q
P
Au. 0.1m
OA = y = 490 m R
1 2 A 100m B
As y= gt
2
1 gx 2
\ 490 = × 9.8 t2 økríkÃkÚkLkwt Mk{efhý y =
2 2u2
–1

9.8 ´ (100 )
O u = 98 ms 2
(10 × 10–2) = Þ u = 700 m/s
2u2

y = 490 m 4. fw÷ WzÞLk Mk{Þ

5m/s 10m/s

P vx h
A x 30°
b
vy 5Ö 3m/s
v
H
yÚkðk t = 100 = 10 s .
17.3m
(ii) xufheÚkE xkøkuoxLkwt ytíkh
R = uxT
AP = x = Mk{rûkríks ðuøk × Mk{Þ
R
= 98 × 10 = 980m. T=
ux
(iii) P ÃkkMku «rûkó ÃkËkÚkoLkk ðuøkLkku Mk{rûkríks ½xf vx = u =
17.3
98 m/s T= = 2sec.
5(1.73)
y™u Wæðo ½xf
5
vy = uy + gt = 0 + 9.8 × 10 = 98 m/s {n¥k{ Ÿ[kEyu ÃknkU[ðk sYhe Mk{Þ = g = 0.5 sec.
òu Ãkrhýk{ ðuøk Mk{rûkríks MkkÚku b ¾qýu nkuÞ íkku 1
h= g(0.5)2 = 1.25 m
vy 98 2
tan b = = =1 yÚkðk b = 45°
vx 98 1
H+h= g(1.5)2 = 11.25 m
gx 2 2
2. økríkÃkÚkLkwt Mk{efhý y =
2u2 íkuÚke H = 10 m
10 ´ (180 )
2

45 = Þ u = 60 m/s BEGINNER'S BOX-9

2u2
P Q 100 v1
1. v1 – v2 = = 2.5
W1 40 v2

100 v1
v1 + v2 = = 5
20 v2
55 m

W2 Mkhðk¤ku fhíkkt, 2v1 = 7.5

180m 10 m
r v1 = 3.75 m/s yLku v2 = 1.25 m/s
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 21
BEGINNER'S BOX-8 3. Äkhku fu økku¤e A M¢eLk MkkÚku u ðuøkÚke yÚkzkELku t Mk{Þ çkkË
M¢eLk B {kt ½wMku Au.
1. (i) Mk{rûkríks OX rËþk{kt xufheLkk O ®çkËw ÃkhÚke «rûkó ÃkËkÚko
u
u = 98 m/s ðuøkÚke Vufðk{kt ykðu Au. íku xkøkuox P Ãkh Ãknkuut[u Q
P
Au. 0.1m
OA = y = 490 m R
1 2 A 100m B
As y= gt
2
1 gx 2
\ 490 = × 9.8 t2 økríkÃkÚkLkwt Mk{efhý y =
2 2u2
–1

9.8 ´ (100 )
O u = 98 ms 2
(10 × 10–2) = Þ u = 700 m/s
2u2

y = 490 m 4. fw÷ WzÞLk Mk{Þ

5m/s 10m/s

P vx h
A x 30°
b
vy 5Ö 3m/s
v
H
yÚkðk t = 100 = 10 s .
17.3m
(ii) xufheÚkE xkøkuoxLkwt ytíkh
R = uxT
AP = x = Mk{rûkríks ðuøk × Mk{Þ
R
= 98 × 10 = 980m. T=
ux
(iii) P ÃkkMku «rûkó ÃkËkÚkoLkk ðuøkLkku Mk{rûkríks ½xf vx = u =
17.3
98 m/s T= = 2sec.
5(1.73)
y™u Wæðo ½xf
5
vy = uy + gt = 0 + 9.8 × 10 = 98 m/s {n¥k{ Ÿ[kEyu ÃknkU[ðk sYhe Mk{Þ = g = 0.5 sec.
òu Ãkrhýk{ ðuøk Mk{rûkríks MkkÚku b ¾qýu nkuÞ íkku 1
h= g(0.5)2 = 1.25 m
vy 98 2
tan b = = =1 yÚkðk b = 45°
vx 98 1
H+h= g(1.5)2 = 11.25 m
gx 2 2
2. økríkÃkÚkLkwt Mk{efhý y =
2u2 íkuÚke H = 10 m
10 ´ (180 )
2

45 = Þ u = 60 m/s BEGINNER'S BOX-9

2u2
P Q 100 v1
1. v1 – v2 = = 2.5
W1 40 v2

100 v1
v1 + v2 = = 5
20 v2
55 m

W2 Mkhðk¤ku fhíkkt, 2v1 = 7.5

180m 10 m
r v1 = 3.75 m/s yLku v2 = 1.25 m/s
22 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
2. s = «kht¼{kt çku xÙuLkku ðå[uLkwt ytíkh 4.
q ®
|vr| = 30 m/s
A Lke MkkÃkuûku B xÙuLkLkku ðuøk þqLÞ Au. xÙuLk B Lkku «ðuøk A Lke
® rw
v ® ®
vr |vw| = 10 m/s
MkkÃkuûku = 1 m/s 2
q
North South
1 2 1 – vw
® ®
vw= 10 m/s
ytíkh s = ut + at = 0 + × (50)2
2 2
= 1250m ykf]rík ÃkhÚke
10 1
2u 2 ´ 49 tanq = =
3. T= = = 10 s 30 3
g 9.8
1
íkuÚke q = tan–1 æçè ö÷ø Qæðo rËþk MkkÚku Ërûký íkhV
r÷^x «ðuøke økrík fhíke LkÚke ykÚke WzÞLk Mk{Þ y[¤ hnuþu. 3
uuur uuuur
5. v m = 2iˆ + 3jˆ ; v rm = -4jˆ
BEGINNER'S BOX-10 uur uuuur uuur
v r = v rm + v m = 2iˆ - ˆj
N uuur
1. nðu {kýMkLkku ðuøk v m ' = -2iˆ - 3jˆ
uuuur uur uuur
vA v rm ' = v r – v m ' = 4iˆ + 2jˆ
vBsin30° vB
uuuur
30° v Bcos30° v rm ' = 20 m/s
W
E

S
6. ÃkËkÚkoLke yÚkzk{ý {kxu Qæðo ðuøk Mk{kLk nkuðku òuEyu.
uuur
v A = 10jˆ u1 2
Þ u1 sin 60° = u2 Þ u =
2 3
uur
v B = 5 3iˆ + 5ˆj
BEGINNER'S BOX-11
uuuur uur uuur
v BA = v B - v A = 5 3iˆ - 5ˆj
vr
Ãkqðo rËþk MkkÚku çkLkkðu÷ ¾qýku 1. (a) sin 60° =
vm
vr
5 1
tanq = - = -
5 3 3
1km
q = 30° íkuÚke E – 30° – S vresultant
vm
60°

2. N
2 3
Þ vr = = 3 m/s
vAsin30° 2
vA
1000
30°
vAcos30° (b) t = = 1000 sec.
W E 2cos60°
30° vBcos30°
2. LÞqLk¥k{ ÃkÚk {kxu
vBsin30° vB vr 1
S (a) sinq = = Þ q = 30°
v 2
uuuur uuur uur
v AB = v A - v B ykÚke «ðknLke rËþk MkkÚku ¾qýku = 90° + 30° = 120°
uuuur
( ) (
v AB = 5 3 ˆi + 5 ˆj - 5 3 ˆi - 5 ˆj ) (b) ¢kuMkªøk Mk{Þ T =
d
=
2
v cos q 10cos30°
= 10jˆ m/s W¥kh rËþk MkkÚku 10 m/s
3. (Ex.-2) Q.33 suðku 2
T= h
5 3
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 23
3. (a) çkuÕxLke rËþk{kt Ëkuzíkk çkk¤fLke ÍzÃk (c) {kíkk rÃkíkk yLku çkk¤f çkLLku økrík{kLk çkuÕx Ãkh Au. íkuÚke MkkÃkuûk
MÚkkLk yLku ÍzÃk y[¤ hnuþu.
= 9 + 4 = 13km/h
5
(b) çkuÕxLke økríkLke rËþkLke rðÁØ rËþk{kt çkk¤fLke ÍzÃk çkk¤fLke ÍzÃk = 9 × = 2.5 m/s,
18
= 9 – 4 = 5km/h
ytíkh 50
÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ = = = 20s
ÍzÃk 2.5

òu økríkLkw yð÷kufLk fkuEÃký yuf ÃkuxuLx ÷u íkku (a) yLku (b)

WÕxkE òÞ Ãkhtíkw sðkçk (c) {kt ftE Vuh Lk Ãkzu.

EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) Build Up Your Understanding

r r r r
1. d = d1 + d2 + d3 3 [¢{kt [kuϾwt MÚkkLkktíkh = 6m
r æ -ˆi - ˆj ö íkuÚke íku 3 [¢ y™u 5 MxuÃMk ykøk¤ Ãkqýo fÞko çkkË ¾kzk{kt
d = 30jˆ + 20iˆ + 30 2 ç ÷
è 2 ø Ãkzþu
r
d = 30jˆ + 20iˆ - 30iˆ - 30jˆ fw÷ Mk{Þ = 3(5 + 3) + 5(1) = 29 sec.
r
d = - 10iˆ 10. Mkhu hkþ ÍzÃk
r
d = 10 m Ãkrù{ íkhV fw ÷ ytíkh 2pr
= = = 10 m / s
fw ÷ Mk{Þ 6.28
2. MÚkkLkktíkh d = R 2
Mkhuhkþ ðuøk
pR
ytíkh s = fw ÷ MÚkkLkktíkh
=0
2 R =
fw ÷ Mk{Þ
s pR d
\ = R s 4.5 + 7.5
d 2R 2 11. AuÕ÷k yzÄk ¼køk{kt Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk= =6 m/s
2
22 11 2(12)(6)
= = fw÷ {wMkkVhe{kt Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk =
7´ 2 2 7 2 12 + 6
3 = 8 m/s
pr
sP 3
3. = 2 = p
sQ 2r 4 d
13. v avg =
d d d
7. T = 20 s + +
3v1 3v 2 3v 3
140 sec. {kt ¼ú{ýkuLke MktÏÞk =7 3v1 v 2 v 3
v avg =
MÚkkLkktíkh = 0 v1 v 2 + v 2 v 3 + v 3 v1
r r r
8. d = d1 + d2 fw ÷ ytíkh 2d 2d
r 14. Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = fw ÷ Mk{Þ = =
2+3 5
d = (vt)iˆ + (vt)ˆj
2v1 v 2 2 ´ 40 ´ 60
r 15. v avg = = = 48 km / h
d = vt 2 v1 + v1 40 + 60
r d 2d
d d d
v avg = 16. t1 = 3 = yLku t2 = 3 =
fw ÷ Mk{Þ 20 60 60 90
2vt v fw÷ Mk{Þ t = t1 + t2
v avg = =
2t 2
60 ´ 90
9. 1 [¢ = 5 step ykøk¤ y™u 3 step ÃkkA¤ íkku [kuϾw Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = d = d
=
t d d 90 + 60
+
MÚkkLkktíkh 60 90
1 [¢{kt = (+5) + (–3) 60 ´ 90
= = 36 km/h
= +2m 150
24 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
17. Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk =
15 ´ 2 + 5 ´ 8
= 7 m/s
íkuÚke v = 3(2)2 – 12(2) + 3 = –9m/s
2+8
27. s = 6t2 – t3
18. MÚkkLkktíkh £ ytíkh ds
v= = 12t – 3t2
3 ´ 20 + 4 ´ 20 + 5 ´ 20 dt
19. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = v = 0 Þ t = 0, 4sec.
20 + 20 + 20
= 4 m/s 28. v = 20 + 0.1 t2
dv
2 ´ 100 ´ 50 a= = 0.1 × 2 t = 0.2 t
20. Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = 66.7 m/s dt
100 + 50
«ðuøk Mk{Þ Ãkh ykÄkrhík Au y™u Mk{Þ MkkÚku ðÄu Au. ykÚke
x x
2 2 íku yrLkÞr{ík «ðuøk Au.
21.
B 29. y = a + bt + ct2 – dt4
A t C¢ t C
v0 v1 v2
dy
v +v v= = b + 2ct – 4dt3
vavg yzÄk ¼køk {kxu = 1 2 dt
2
æ v +v ö at t = 0 v = b
2(v 0 ) ç 1 2 ÷
vavg fw÷ {kxu = è 2 ø
v +v dv
v0 + 1 2 a= = 2c – 12 dt2
2 dt

2v 0 (v1 + v 2 ) at t = 0 a = 2c
v avg =
2v 0 + v1 + v 2 dv
30. f = at =
MÚkkLkktíkh dt
22. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk =
Mk{Þøkk¤ku v t
at 2 at 2
yþqLÞ ðuøk MkkÚku ykÃku÷ rËþk{kt økrík fhíkk fý {kxu ÍzÃk Þ ò d v = ò at dt Þ v – u = Þv=u+
u 0 2 2
þqLÞ Lk nkuE þfu Mkk{kLÞ heíku ÍzÃk yu Mkhuhkþ ðuøkLkk {qÕÞ
dx dx
sux÷w Lk nkuÞ Ãkhtíkw ykðwt þõÞ Au, ßÞkhu økrík Mkwhu¾ ÃkÚk Ãkh 31. v= a x Þ = a x Þ = adt
dt x
rËþk çkËÕÞk ðøkh ÚkkÞ íÞkhu x t

23. x = acost Mktf÷Lk ÷uíkkt, ò

x =0
x -1/ 2 dx = ò a dt
t =0
dx dv
v= = –asint Þ a = = –acost 2 x = at Þ x = at/2
dt dt
ds
24. u = kt r = kt (Q k = 2 m/s2) x Lke yk ®f{ík {q ¤ Mk{efhý{kt {wf íkkt.
dt
s 3 3 v = a x = a(a.t/2) = a2t/2
t2
r ò ds = 2ò tdt
0
r s = 2
2
rs=9m
\ vµt
0 0
32. t= x +3Þ x = t -3
25. x = at2 – bt3
dx x = (t–3)2 = t2 – 6t + 9
v= = 2at – 3bt2
dt dx
v= = 2t – 6
dt
dv a
a= = 2a – 6bt = 0 Þ t = v = 0 {kxu, 2t – 6 = 0 Þ t = 3 sec
dt 3b
t = 3 sec Þ x = (3 –3)2 =0
26. s = t3 – 6t2 + 3t + 4
33. s = 3t + 7t + 5t + 8
3 2

ds ds
v= = 3t 2 - 12t + 3 v= = 9t2 + 14t + 5
dt dt
dv
dv a= = 18t + 14
a= = 6t – 12 If a = 0 Þ t = 2 dt
dt at t = 1 a = 32 m/s2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 25
34. x = kt 2
dx
\ = –8t–3 – 3t–2
dt
dx dv
v= = 2kt Þ a = = 2k d2 x
dt dt \a= = 24t–4 + 6t–3
dt2
dx 40. x = u (t – 2) + a(t – 2)2
35. v= = a + 2bt – 3ct2
dt
dx
v= = u + 2a (t – 2)
36. x = a + bt \ dx = 2bt
2
dt
dt
at t = 3 sec
dv
«ðuøk = = 2a
\ ðuøk = 0, v = 0 dt
dv
nðu a = 2(t – 1) so = 2(t – 1) 20 - 10
dt 41. a= = 2m / s2
5
v 5

ò dv = ò (2t - 2) dt
0 0
t0 Ãknu÷k 3 MkufLz {kxu
10 = v + 2(3)
5
é 2t2 ù v = 10 – (2)(3) = 4 m/s
v=ê - 2t ú = (5)2 – 2(5) = 15 m/s
ë 2 û0 42. u + 2a = 30
u + 4a = 60
d2 y
38. «ðuøk = 2 Þ a = 15, u = 0
dt
44. çk¤ yu ðuøkLke rðÁØ rËþk{kt nkuðkÚke ÃkËkÚko «rík«ðuøke økrík
íku rîríkÞ rðf÷Lk Au ßÞkt t2 Võík y[¤ ®f{ík ykÃku Au. ykÚke fhe Äe{ku Ãkzþu.
(3) y[¤ [ku¬Mk «ðuøke økrík Ëþkoðu Au. 5
45. v = 144 × = 40 m/s
18
d2 x 40 - 0
39. «ðuøk a = a=
20
= 2 m/s2
dt2
1 2 1 2
s= at = (2)(20) = 400m
ßÞkhu MÚkkLkktíkh x(t) ™wt Mk{Þ MkkÚkuLkwt rîríkÞ rðf÷Lk Mk{Þ 2 2
Ãkh ykÄkrhík LkÚke. íÞkhu fý y[¤ «ðuøke økrík Ëþkoðu Au. 1
46. s1 = ´10 ´ (5)2 = 125 m
2
rðfÕÃk (1) {kt x = 6 – 7 t–2
v = 10(5) = 50m/s

dx d2 x s2 = 50 × 10 = 500m
\ = 14t–3 \a= = –42 t–4 u=0 v
dt dt2
A s1 B s2 C
rðfÕÃk (2){kt x = 3t + 5t + 7
2 3
t=0 t = 5 sec t = 15 sec

fw÷ fkÃku÷ ytíkh = s1 + s2 = 625m

dx d2 x
\ = 6t + 15t2 \a= = 6 + 30t
dt dt2 5
47. S=0+ (2 × 18 – 1) = 87.5 m
2
rðfÕÃk (3) {kt x = 9t2 + 8 a
48. 0+ (2 × 8 – 1) = 120 Þ a = 16 m/s2
2
dx d2 x 49. u = 72 km/h = 20 m/s;
\ = 18t \a= = 18
dt dt2 v = 0; S = 200 m

«ðuøk rðfÕÃk (4) {kt x = 4t–2 + 3t–1 a=

v 2 - u2
= –1m/s2
2s
26 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
u2 1 g
50. s= so s µ u2 58. «Úk{ MkufLz{kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh x = g (1)2 =
2a 2 2
òu ÍzÃk çk{ýe fhðk{kt ykðu stopping distance [kh økýw
ÚkkÞ. 4 × 2m = 8m òu íku n MkufLz{kt Ãkzu íkku AuÕ÷e MkufLz nth MkufLz Úkþu.
S1 u12 g
51. S µ u2 Þ S = 2 \ 7x = 0 + (2n – 1)
2 u2 2
20 102 g g
Þ = Þ s2 = 180 m r 7× = (2n – 1)
s 2 302 2 2
æu+vö r 2n = 8
52. s=ç ÷´t
è 2 ø r n = 4 sec
æ 0 + 20 ö
= ç ÷ ´ 10 = 100 m 1 2
è 2 ø 59. h=0+ gt
2 1
2h
53. ÃkÚÚkhLku Lke[u ykððk {kxu Mk{Þ t1 = 2h
g r t1 =
g
æðrLkLku WÃkh ykððk {kxu Mk{Þ t 2 = h
v h 1 2 2 h
2h h = 0 + gt22 Þ t 2 = ´
+ 2 2 g 2
\ T = t1 + t2 =
g v
54. v2 = u2 + 2gh 2 h 1 2h t
Þ t2 = ´ = ´ = 1
g 2 2 g 2
v 2 - u2 9u2 - u2 4u2
h= = =
2g 2g g 1 2 2 1
60. h1 - h2 = g(t1 - t2 ) = × 9.8 [(5)2 – (3)2]
55. ÃkÚÚkhLkku «khtr¼f ðuøk u = 12 m/sec Lke[u íkhV 2 2
1 = 8 × 9.8 = 78.4 m
\ MÚkkLkktíkh h = ut + gt2
2
1 2h 2 ´ 18 18
61. t= = =
= 12 × 10 + × 9.8 × (10)2 g 10 5
2
= 120 + 490 = 610 m
2
56. Qæðo økrík {kxu Þ 30 sec ÃkAe ðuøk t=3
5
v = u + at
v = 0 + 10 × 30 = 300 m/s 4th drop
t/3
nðu çk¤íký Ãkqýo ÚkÞk çkkË {n¥k{ Ÿ[kEyu ÃknkU[ðk sYhe rd
3 drop
Mk{Þ Þ using v = u + at t/3
18m­
0 = 300 – 10 × t nd
2 drop
300 t/3
t= = 30sec 1st drop
10
ykÚke fw÷ Mk{Þ = 30 + 30 = 60 sec. íkr¤ÞuÚke ºkeò çkwtËLkwt ytíkh : ®
1 2
57. H= gt 1 1 2
2 s3 = ´ 10 ´ ´ 9 ´ = 2m
2 9 5
2
1 æ tö H
h= g çè ÷ø = Akuzu÷k ®çkËw ÃkkMkuÚke íkr¤ÞuÚke çkeò çkwtËLkwt ytíkh : ®
2 2 4
1 4 2
ykÚke s{eLkÚke ytíkh s2 = ´ 10 ´ ´ 9 ´ = 8m
2 9 5
= H – H/4 = 3H/4
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 27
62. {wõík ÃkíkLk {kxuLkku Mk{Þ Ë¤ ykÄkrhík LkÚke.
1 2 2h
rd
3 drop 69. Q h= gt \ t=
63. yÄkurËþk{kt {wMkkVhe {kxu Mk{Þ 2 g
5m
2nd drop t=0
2h 2´ 5 2
t= = = 1 sec t Ikm = 1
g 10 st
1 drop 1km t1 =
2
1
g
g
2
íkuÚke rLkÞr{ík Mk{Þøkk¤k{kt Lke[u Ãkzíkk çkwtËku {kxu Mk{Þøkk¤ku t IIkm =
g
( 2 - 1)
2
2km t2 = 2
g
1 2
sec. t IIIkm =
g
( 3 - 2)
2 3km t3 =
2
3
g
2
çkeò çkwtËLke Ÿ[kE = 5 –
1 1
× 10 × ( )2 2
t IVkm =
g
( 4 - 3)
4km t4 = 4
2 2 g

=5–
5
=
15
= 3.75 m \ tI km ; tII km ; tIII km ;.... = 1: ( 2- 1 : )( )
3 - 2 :....
4 4
2u 2 ´ 100
64. v = u + at, 70. T= = = 20 s
g 10
v = 40 – 10(2) = 20 m/s.
71. v=0
65. ßÞktÚke Ãkzu Au íku Ÿ[kE
10 m/s
1 1 h
h = gt2 = × 10 × (5)2 = 125 m
2 2 h
u=0
«Úk{ 3 sec {kt. s1 3sec
1 2 1 u=0 h
s1 = gt1 = × 10(3)2=45 m v2 = u2 – 2g
2 2 s2 2
0 = (10)2 – 10h
Ãkzðk {kxu çkkfe hnu÷e Ÿ[kE h = 10 m
\ s2 = h – s1 = 125 – 45 = 80 m 72. v2 = 2as

v = 2gh [ˤ Ãkh ykÄkrhík LkÚke]

2s2 2 ´ 80
t2 = = = 4 sec
g 10 73. Qæðoøkrík{kt AuÕ÷e t MkufLz{kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh
t = t1 + t2 = 3 + 4 = 7 sec = yÄkurËþk{kt «Úk{ t MkufLz{kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh

66. yk Võík íÞkhu s þõÞ Au ßÞkhu top point 1 2 1

= 0+ gt = gt 2
th
5 sec 6thsec
2 2
5{e MkufLz Qæðo økrík{kt AuÕ÷e 74. ÃkíkLk {kxu fw÷ Mk{Þ = n, u = 0
MkufLz nku Þ y™u 6th MkufLz yu
Slast = S5
yÄkuøkríkLke «Úk{ MkufLz nkuÞ su
ykf]rík ÃkhÚke MÃkü Au. g 1
(2n – 1) = g(5)2
2 2
\ 0 = u – gt 2n – 1 = 25 r t = 13 sec
2
íkuÚke u = gt = 9.8 × 5 = 49 m/sec u 2
h2 2g 3h1 u22
75. = Þ = 2
h1 u12 h1 v0
1 1
68. h = gt2 = ´ 10 ´ 42 = 80m 2g
2 2
u22 = 3v 20 Þ u2 = 3v 0
28 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
76. v2 = u2 + 2as 83. v = u + at Þ v = u – gt
u=0
su y = mx + c suðwt Au.
v2 = 2gd
d \ yk÷u¾ Mkwhu¾k Úkþu
v= 2gd 84. s-t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤ ðuøk Ëþkoðu Au. ßÞkhu s-t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤
y[¤ Au.
a
77. S
n th =u+ (2n – 1) «ðuøk þqLÞ Úkþu. ykÚke íku AB yLku CD ¼køk{kt nþu.
2
85. a = y[¤, Þ x µ t2
u = 0 yLku a = g (y[¤.) t
xµ
x
S
n th µ (2n – 1) (ynet n = 1,2,3.....) 2
t
xµ
D1 : D2 : D3 : .......... = 1 : 3 : 5 : .......... t

v = y[¤, Þ x µ t
S 4th 2´ 4 -1 7
78. = = 86. v2 = u2 + 2as
S 3rd 2´3 -1 5
v 2 - u2 (900) - (4600) 3700
79. økrík ËhBÞkLk økrík QòoLkku ÔÞÞ ÚkkÞ Au. íkuÚke MÃkü Au fu a= = =-
2s 2 ´ 0.6 1.2
v1 > v2 = –3084 km/hr2
80. nðkLkk yðhkuÄLku ÷eÄu «rík«ðuøk = a top point 87. MÚkkLkktíkh = ytrík{ MÚkkLk – «khtr¼f MÚkkLk
= 40 – 60 = –20m
ÃkAe Qæðo {wMkkVhe {kxu
r MÚkkLkktíkh 20
[kuϾku «rík«ðuøk = (g + a) g a
h
g a v avg = = = 2m / s
Mk{Þ 10
t1 t2
2h x f - xi 0-0
\ t asc =
g+a ground 88. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = = =0
t t
yÄkurËþk{kt {wMkkVhe {kxu [kuϾku «ðuøk = (g – a) 89. ytíkh
2h 1 1 1
\ t desc = \ tasc < tdesc = (40 + 20) × 2 + (20 × 1) + (20 × 1) + (40 × 1)
g-a 2 2 2

81. S1 = S2 = 110 m
MÚkkLkktíkh
1 1
98(t) – (9.8)t2 = 98(t–4) – (9.8) (t–4)2 1 1 1
2 2 = (40 + 20) × 2 + (20 × 1) + (20 ×1) – (40 × 1)
2 2 2

1 = 70 m
t2
10t – = 10(t–4) – (t–4)2 90. a = y[¤ yLku Éý = v - t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤
2 2
ykÚke rðfÕÃk (2) Mkk[ku Au.
Þ 4t – 48 = 0
91. (v–t) yk÷u¾ ûkuºkV¤ = MÚkkLkktíkh (Ÿ[kE)
48 1
Þ t= = 12s = ´ 120 ´ 1000 = 60,000m = 60km
4 2
82. íkVkðík = S1 – S2 92. «rík«ðuøk Ãknu÷k Ÿ[kE
1
1 1 = ´ (20) ´ 1000 = 10,000 = 10 km
= g(3)2 – g(2)2 2
2 2
MÚkkLkktíkh fw ÷ Ÿ[kE
93. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = fw ÷ Mk{Þ = fw ÷ Mk{Þ
5
= g = 24.5 m
2 60,000m
= = 500 m/s
120sec
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 29
94. «rík«ðuøk = AB hu¾kLkku Zk¤
abt 2´ 4´3
110. vmax= = = 4 m/s
1000 1000 a+b 6
= tan q = = = 10 m/s2
(120 - 20) 100
111. ðuøkLkku Mk{rûkríks ½xf y[¤ hnu þu.
95. «ðuøk = OA hu¾kLkku Zk¤
u2 sin ( 2 ´ 45° ) u2
112. q = 45° ; R= =
1000 g g
tan q = = 50 m/s2
20
2v1
113. Qæðoøkrík {kxu, WzÞLk Mk{Þ t =
97. 0 – 2s 4 {k a = ½Lk Þ v-t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤ = ½Lk g
2 – 4s {kt a = Éý Þ v-t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤ = Éý 2v 1 v 2
Mk{rûkríks Mk{Þ {kxu R = v2 × t =
g
ykÚke Mkk[ku rðfÕÃk (1)
98. «ðuøk nt{uþk yãkurËþk{kt nkuÞ Au. ykÚke ÄLk v1
v2
íkuÚke v – t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤ nt{uþk ÄLk
ykÚke rðfÕÃk (3)
u 2 sin(2 ´ 75°)
99. v2 = 2as 114. 0.5 =
g
ykÚke yk÷u¾ Ãkhð÷Þ Úkþu. u2 1
r 0.5 = ´
g 2
ykÚke Mkk[ku rðfÕÃk (2)
100. MÚkkLkktíkh Míkh yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤ íkífkr÷Lk ðuøk ykÃkþu. u2 u 2 sin(2 ´ 45°) u 2
= 1 r R' = = = 1 km
g g g
103. 4 MkufLz{kt fkÃku÷ ytíkh
u
= yk÷u¾ Lke[u ½uhkÞu÷ ûkuºkV¤ 115.
q
u
90° – q
= DAOH Lkwt ûkuºkV¤ + ÷tçk[kuhMk ABGHLkwt ûkuºkV¤
q v
+ DBCC' Lkwt ûkuºkV¤ + ÷tçk[kuhMk C' DEG Lkwt ûkuºkV¤
Q ðuøkLkku Mk{rûkríks ½xf y[¤ hnuþu.
20 ´ 1 10 ´ 1
= + 20 ´ 1 + + 10 ´ 2 = 55m \ u cosq = v cos (90 –q)
2 2
u cosq = v sinq r v = u cot q
104. rLkÞr{ík økrík Þ y[¤ ðuøk

105. yuf s Mk{Þu fýLku swËku sw Ëku ðuøk Lk nkuÞ. 3

116. u cos q = u r q = 30°
2
107. MÚkkLkktíkh = v – t yk÷u¾ Lke[u ûkuºkV¤

1 1 u2 sin ( 2 ´ 30° ) u 2 sin 60° 3u 2

= (1 + 4) × 10 + (1 + 4) × 10 r R= = =
2 2 g g 2g
= 50 m
117. {n¥k{ yðrÄ {kxu q = 45°
108. MÚkLkkt íkh yu MkrËþ hkrþ Au Mk{Þ yûkLke WÃkh ûku º kV¤
½Lk Au yLku Mk{Þ yûkLke Lke[u Éý Au. ykÚke tanq = 1

109. a-t yk÷u¾ Lke[u ûkuºkV¤ yu ykÃku ÷ Mk{Þøkk¤k{kt ðuøkLkku u2

118. Hmax = = 40
VuhVkh ykÃku Au. 2g
u2
1 r = 80
\ vmax = × 5 × 6 = 15 m/s g
2
«khtr¼f ðuøk = 0 u2
R max = = 80m
g
\ fý™e {n¥k{ ÍzÃk = 15 m/s
30 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
125. Mk{kLk yðrÄ {kxu q1 + q2 = 90°
119.
p
H q1 = rad = 60°
3
\ q2 = 90 ° – q1 = 30°
O A B C
u2 sin2 60° u2 ´ 3 u 2 y1
2H y1 = = r =
WzÞLk Mk{Þ T = same for all 2g 2g ´ 4 8g 3
g
u2 sin2 30° u2 ´ 1 y1
u2 sin2 q y2 = = =
Ãký H = su çkÄk {kxu Mk{kLk Au. 2g 2g ´ 4 3
2g
2u x u y 2 ´ 9.8 ´ 19.6
\ u sinq çkÄk {kxu Mk{kLk 126. R = = = 39.2m
g 9.8
{kuxk q {kxu sinq ðÄw yLku ykÚke u LkkLkk nkuÞ.
\ uA < uB < uC 127. ( R ,H)
2
i.e., fý C {kxu «ûkuÃký ÍzÃk u
H
Mk{rûkríks yðrÄ R = ux × T q
T çkÄk {kxu Mk{kLk y™u RC yu C {kxu {n¥k{ R

\ ux yu C {kxu {n¥k{ {n¥k{ yðrÄ {kxu q = 45°

r 4H
120. v = aiˆ + bjˆ r u cos q = a and u sin q = b
Q tan q =
R
R = 2Hmax
R 400
H= tan 45° = = 100
b u 2 sin2q 2u 2 sin2 q 4 4
tan q = also =
a g 2g
R
Þ tanq = 2 \ sYhe Þk{ku ( ,H) = (200,100)
2
b
\ =2 Þ b = 2a 128. {n¥k{ Ÿ[kEyu
a
r
1 gx 2 Dvx = 0 (as v x = const)
121. y = tan q -
x («{ký¼qík Mk{efhý)
2 u 2 cos2 q Dvy =(0 – u sin q) = – u sin q
1 2
y= 3x - gx r tan q = 3 r q = 60° íkuÚke ðuøkLkku VuhVkh = Dv 2x + Dv 2y = u sinq
2
x2 æ x ö 129. ÍzÃk{kt VuhVkh = ÍzÃkxku[ – ÍzÃk«khtr¼f
122. y = 16 x – ; y = 16x ç 1 - ÷
4 è 64 ø
ÍzÃk{kt VuhVkh = (u cosq) – u
æ x ö 130. R = uxT
MkkÚku Mkh¾kðíkk y = x tan q ç 1 - ÷
è Rø
R = 64 m R 200
r ux = = = 40 m/s
T 5
u2y u2 cos2 q
123. H = = (Qæðo MkkÚku q) 2
2g 2g 1 2 1 é5ù
131. H = gt = ´ 10 ´ ê ú = 31.25 m
2 2 ë2û
u2
124. q = 45° {kxu yðrÄ {n¥k{ R max = 132. uy = gtup = 10 × 2.5 = 25 m/s
g
133. Q ux = 40 and uy = 25
u2 sin2 45° u2 R
r H= = = uy 25 5
2g 4g 4 \ tan q = = =
ux 40 8
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 31
134. yðrÄ(R) = Mk{kLk v 'y v sin q - gt v'y v'
«ûkurÃkík ¾qýku q yLku (90 – q) 140. tan b = =
v '
x v cos q v v'x
b
q
u 2 sin2 q
y1 = and
2g
141.
2 2
u sin (90° - q) u cos q 2 2 y
y2 = = 45°
2g 2g
x=8m x1=4m

u2 R = 8 + 4 = 12 m
u2
y1 + y 2 = (sin2 q + cos2 q) =
2g 2g
é xù é 8ù 8
y = (x tan q) ê1 - ú = 8 ´ 1 ´ ê1 - ú = m
ë R û ë 12 û 3
135. R = y[¤ r u2 sin 2q = const.
u2
r u12 sin 2q1 = u22 sin 2q2 142. Rmax =
g
r u2 = Rg = 16000 × 10

u 22 sin 2q 2 u 2 sin 300 1 \ u = 400 m/s

r sin 2q1 = = =
u12 4 u2 8
2u sin q 2 ´ 9.8 sin 30°
1 1 1 143. T = = = 1 sec
g 9.8
2q1 = sin -1 ( ) r q1 = sin-1 ( )
8 2 8
144. Q qA + qC = 90°
136. R = 5T2
u2 sin2 ´ 30° u 2 3
2 \ RA = RC = =
2u 2 sin q cos q é 2u sin q ù g 2g
r = 5ê ú
g ë g û u2 sin2 ´ 45° u2
2 2 2
RB = = r RB > RA = RC
2u sin q cos q 4u sin q g g
r = 5´
g g2
1
145. E = mu2
r tan q = 1 2
r q = 45° 1 1 E
yLku E' = mu2 cos2 45° = E ´ =
2 2 2
r
137. v = 6$i + 8 $j 146. R = 3H
4H 4
r u cos q = 6 yLku u sin q = 8 tan q = = r q = 53°
R 3
2(u sin q)(u cos q) 2 ´ 6 ´ 8 48 147. q yLku (90° - q) ¾qýk {kxu R Mk{kLk
R= = =
g 10 5
2u sin q 2u sin(90 - q) 2u cos q
t1 = & t2 = =
R =9.6 m g g g
v 2 sin2q gR 2u sin q 2u cos q u2 2 sin q cos q 2
138. R= r sin2q = t1 t 2 = ´ = ´
g v2 g g g g

gR 1 -1 gR 2R
r 2q = sin
-1
r q= sin r t1 t 2 = r t1t2 µ R
v2 2 v2 g
u2 sin2 q (u sin60°)2
u2 sin2q 148. h = r h1 = 90 =
139. R= At q = 45° 2g 2g
g
2
u2 é 3 ù u2
u 2 90 = ´ê ú r = 120
Rmax = = 1000 r u =100 m/s 2g êë 2 úû 2g
g
u2 sin2 45° 10000 (u sin30°)2 1
r h= = = 250 m h2 = = 120 ´ = 30m
2g 2 ´ 10 ´ 2 2g 4
32 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
149. \ Ða=90° 155. rþhku÷tçk QæðorËþk{kt . PE = mgh
ðuøk u cos q æ v2 ö 2
u a (Mk{rûkríks) = mg çç ÷÷ = mv ...(i)
è 2g ø 2
q «ðuøk=g (rþhku÷tçk) QæðorËþk MkkÚku 60° Lkk ¾qýu PE = mgh
®
4 æ v 2 sin2 30° ö mv 2
F 1 2ˆ
= (6t i + 4t ˆj) = 2t ˆi + t ˆj = mg çç ÷÷ =
®
150. a =
2
...(ii)
3 è 2g ø 8
m 3
r
dv 4 mv2
= 2t ˆi + t ˆj
2
( PE ) up 4
dt 3 From (i) / (ii) - ( ) = 2 =
PE at q=60° from vt. 2 1
mv
r
r
v 3
2ˆ 4 ˆ 8
Þ ò dv = ò (2t i + t j) dt 2h
3 156. t =
0 0 g

3 2h
r é 2t3 ˆ 4 t2 ˆù So x = vx.t = 2gh ´ = 2h
v=ê i+ jú g
ë 3 3 2 û0
u

2 3ˆ 2 2ˆ 157. vy = 0 + gt vx=u
= (3) i + (3) j
3 3 vy=gt
v = v 2x + v 2y = u2 + g2 t2
= 18 ˆi + 6 ˆj
158.
usin30° u
u2
151. Rmax = 30°
g ucos30°
h=70 m

Rmax
1 2
2 Sy = uyt + a t ÃkhÚke
2 éu ù2
2 y
(ûkuºkV¤) = p Rmax = p ê g ú
ë û
1 2
r h = -u sin 30°t +
gt
2
u sin2q 2
152. «rûkÃík ÃkËkÚkoLke yðrÄ =
g 1 1
r 70 = -50 ´ t + ´ 10t 2 r t = 7 sec
2 2
Q yðrÄ µ u 2

2h
\ ßÞkhu u çk{ýkt ÚkkÞ íÞkhu yðrÄ 4 økýe ÚkkÞ. 159. x = t ´ u = ´ u = 2 ´ 490 ´ 50 = 500m
g 9.8
153. ykÃku÷ ðuøk {kxu yðrÄ {n¥k{ Úkþu ßÞkhu q = 45°
160. vy = uy + ayt
2 2 2
u sin2q u sin 90° u
Rmax = Þ Rmax = =
g g g

u2 sin2 q u2 .sin2 45° u 2

H= = =
2g 2g 4g

\ Rmax = 4H
154. Q q1 + q2 = 90°
\ R1 = R2
34 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
178. 184. B
bus 20m/s
cycle 2m/s
2

96m s 40 – x

40m
MkkEf÷ {kxu 96 + s = 20 × t
x
1 1 20m/s
çkMk {kxu s = at2 = × 2 × t2 = t2
2 2 A
íkuyku s{eLkÚke x ytíkhu {¤þu.
\ 96 + t2 = 20 t r t2 – 20t + 96 = 0
1 2
40 - x = 20 t + gt ....(i)
(t – 8) (t – 12) = 0 \ t = 8 s or 12 s 2

MkkEf÷ Mkðkh 8s {kt çkMkLku ykuðhxuf fhþu. 1 2

x = 20 t - gt .... (ii)
2
LkkUÄ : t = 12s, yu çkMk MkkEf÷ MkðkhLku ykuðhxuf fhþu. Mk{e (i) y™u (ii) ÃkhÚke
r r r 40 = 40 t
179. v MT = v M - v T
t = 1s
r r r x = 15m s{eLkÚke
v M = v MT + v T
H
r 185. ÃkËkÚko A yLku B t Mk{Þu s{eLkÚke Ÿ[kEyu {¤þu.
v M = -3iˆ + 20iˆ = 17iˆ 2
MkkÃku ûk ðuøkLke {ËËÚke çkeS xwtfe heík
17 m/s (Ãkqðo íkhV) B
H
180. vrel = 80 – 65 = 15 km/hr 2
H v0
181. xÙuLkLke ÷tçkkE L = 100 m H
2
A
s{eLk
xÙuLkLke ÍzÃk = vt
1 2
S = ut + at Lkku WÃkÞkuøk fhíkk
y™u {kýMkLke ÍzÃk vm = 5 km/hr 2
H
MkkÃkuûk ÍzÃk = vt + vm A ÃkËkÚko {kxu, u = v0, a = – g, S =
2
H 1
vrel =
MÚkkLkLkku VuhVkh = 100 m/s \ = v0t – gt2 ...(i)
Mk{Þ 2 2
7.2
H
B ÃkËkÚko {kxu, u = 0, a = +g, S =
1000 18 2
= ´ = 50 km/hr
72 5 H 1 2
\ = gt ...(ii)
\ vt +5 = 50 r vt = 45 km/hr 2 2
Mk{e (i) yLku (ii), Mkh¾kðíkkt
182. WÃkh síke r÷Vx{kt yMkhfkhf «ðuøk = (g + a)
1 2 1 2
v0t – gt = gt
2h 2 ´ 9.5 2 2
t= =
g+a 32 + 6 v0
v0t = gt2 yÚkðk t =
g
t ™e ®f{ík Mk{e (i) {kt {qfíkk
2 ´ 9.5 1
t= = sec 2
38 2 H æv ö 1 æ v0 ö v 02 1 v 20
= v0 ´ ç 0 ÷ - g ç ÷ = -
2 è g ø 2 è g ø g 2 g
183. ÃkûkeLkku MkkÃkuûk ðuøk (vrel) = 25 – (–5)
H 1 v 20
= 30 m/s = yÚkðk v 20 = gH
2 2 g
ytíkh = 210 m
v0 = gH
\ Mk{Þ = ytíkh =
210
= 7 sec.
v rel 30
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 35
® ® ® 197. ynª,
186. v rm = v r - v m ® r
vm=vi r1 (t) = 3t ˆi + 4t2 ˆj
r

vr=–uj
®
r v rm = -ujˆ - viˆ r2 (t) = 4t2 ˆi + 3t ˆj
r

®
r dr d
v Velocity , v1 ( t ) = 1 = ( 3t ˆi + 4t2 ˆj )
r tanq = dt dt
u q
v = 3 ˆi + 8t ˆj
æ vö r
r dr d
r q = tan–1 ç ÷ q u v 2 ( t ) = 2 = ( 4t 2 ˆi + 3t ˆj ) = 8t î + 3 ĵ
è uø dt dt
vrm fý 2 Lke MkkÃkuûku fý 1 Lke
187. LÞqLk¥k{ Mk{Þ {kxu íkuLku «ðknLku ÷tçk rËþk{kt (W¥kh íkhV) r r r
MkkÃkuûk ÍzÃk : v 12 = v 1 - v 2
LkËeLku ¢kuMk fhðe òuEyu.
= ( 3 ˆi + 8t ˆj ) - ( 8t ˆi + 3 ˆj ) = ( 3 - 8t ) ˆi + ( 8t - 3) ˆj
r r r
188. v BW = v BG - v WG = 6iˆ + 8ˆj t = 1 s,
r
r v12 = ( 3 - 8 ) ˆi + ( 8 - 3 ) ˆj = –5iˆ + 5ˆj
189. v res = v P2 + v 2r = 117 km/hr
r
v12 = ( -5 ) + (5) 2 =
2
25 + 25 = 5 2 m/s
vR 1
190. sinq = = Þ q = 30° 198. ßÞkhu çkku x LkËeLkk «ðknLku ÷t çk rËþk{kt ¢kuM k fhþu íÞkhu
v 2
LÞqLkík{ Mk{Þ ÷køkþu çkkux y™u LkËeLkk «ðknLkku Ãkrhýk{e
LkËeLkk «ðkn MkkÚku ¾qýku = 90 + 30 = 120°
ðuøk LkËeLkk «ðknLku ÷tçk nkuÞ Au.
d 2 2 D 4
191. t = = = hr t min = = = 1hr
2
v -v 2
R
2
10 - 5 2
5 3 v 4
199. yÃkMxÙe{ ðuøk (4 – 2) km/hr y™u zkWLkMxÙe{
r
192. v bT = 402 + 402 = 40 2 (Ërûký-Ãkrù{) (4 + 2) km/hr.
tanq = 1; q = 45° 2 2 4
\ fw÷ ÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ = + = h
2 6 3
®
–vT
East = 80 minutes
®
q vT 200. N
®
vbT ®
vb vA
vB
South W E
b
–v A
® v AB
® D v 10jˆ - 10iˆ
194. «ðuøk a = = m/s2 S
Dt 10
«&™{kt ykÃÞk {wsçk ykf]rík{kt fkh A yLku fkh B Lkku ðuøk
= - ˆi + ˆj (Ãkrù{-W¥kh) MkrËþ MðYÃku Ëþkoðu÷ Au.
r vA = vB = v = 5 km/min ykÃku÷ Au.
a = 1 + 1 = 2 m/s2 (W¥kh-Ãkrù{)
fkh A Lke MkkÃkuûku fkh B Lkku ðuøk
196. u x1 t + u x2 t = x r r r
v BA = v B - v A
r
é u ù v BA = 5iˆ - 5ˆj
ê cos 30o + u cos 60o ú t = x r
ë 3 û vBA = 52 + 52 = 5 2 km/ min
-5
é u tan b = = -1
3 uù x 5
ê ´ + út = x r t=
ëê 3 2 2 ûú u b = 45° (Ërûký-Ãkrù{)
36 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET

1. ðíkwo¤kfkh ÷qÃk{kt MÚk¤ktíkh = 0 ; ds

10. íkkífkr÷f ðuøk = = s–t yk÷u¾Lkku Zk¤
Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = 0 dt
uuur
ðíkwo¤kfkh ÷qÃk{kt ytíkh = 2p(100); 11. DP = 2mv sin q
2p(100) = 2 × mv × sin 45°
Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = =10 m/s
= 2 mv
62.8
2. x = 40 + 12 t – t 3
13. Srel. = urel.t
1000 = (v – 10) (100) Þ v = 20 ms–1
dx
v= = 0 + 12 - 3t2 1 dx
dt 1
14. x= Þv= = -
v = 0 {kxu r 12 – 3 t2 = 0
t+5 dt ( t + 5 )2
r t2 = 4 r t = 2 sec dv 2
«ðuøk, a = = Þ aµ (ðuøk)3/2
Þ xt = 0 = 40 m dt ( t + 5) 3
xt = 2 S = 40 + 12 × 2 – (2)2 = 56
1 1
fkÃku÷ ytíkh = xt = 2 – xt = 0 = 56 – 40 = 16 m 15. Ëzk-I {kxu : h = gt2 = ´ 10 ´ 182 = 1620m
2 2
2h1 Ëzk-II {kxu : ( h = 1620m, u = v, t = 18 – 6 = 12s)
t1 g h1 16 4
3. = = = = 1 2 1
t2 2h2 h2 25 5 h = ut + gt ; 1620 = 12v + ´ 10 ´ 122
2 2
g 1620 = 12v + 720
4. q1 + q2 = (45° – q) + (45° + q) = 90° 12v = 900 Þ v = 75 m/s
\ R1 = R2
fw÷ Mk{Þ 16.
r r r ˆ ˆ ( ˆ ˆ ) (
v = u + at = 3i + 4 j + 0.4i + 0.3 j (10) )
5. Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk =
÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ = 7iˆ + 7jˆ
d+d 2v u v d r
=
d d
= v +v íkuÚke ÍzÃk = v = 7 2 units
u d
+
v u vd u u 1
17. VH = Þ ucosq = = cosq = Þ q = 60°
t max 2 2 2
6. ßÞkhu f = 0 íÞkhu f0 çæ 1 - ÷ö = 0
èT ø r
Dv ( 30 )2 + ( 40 )2
t 19. aav = = = 5 m/s2
Þ 1- =0 Þ t=T Dt 10
T
u2 ( 20 )
T 2
æ f0 t ö é f0 t 2 ù
{n¥k{ yðrÄ Rmax
T T
nðu, v = ò fdt = ò ç f0 - T ÷dt = ê f0 t - ú 20. = = = 40m
0 0
è ø ë 2T û0 g 10

fT fT
21. Mkhu hkþ ÍzÃk
f0 T 2
= f0 T - - 0 = f0 T - 0 = 0
2T 2 2 fw÷ Mk{Þ s 2v 1 v 2
= = =
dv ÷eÄu÷ Mk{Þ s/2 s / 2 v1 + v 2
+
7. x = 9t2 – t3 \ v = 18t – 3t2 Þ = 18–6t v1 v2
dt
y
dv d2v
{n¥k{ ÍzÃk {kxu = 0, y™u = Éý u
dt dt 2 22. H
íkuÚke 18 – 6t = 0 Þ t = 3s 45° q x
R/2
xt = 3s = 9(3)2 – (3)3 = 81 – 27 = 54 m
u 2 sin2 45°
a 4 10
8. Snth =u + (2n–1) = 0 + (2 × 3 –1) = m H 2g tan 45° 1
2 3´2 3 tan q = = = =
R 2u 2 sin 45° cos 45° 2 2
9. Q Mkhuhkþ ðuøk × Mk{Þ = MÚkkLkktíkh 2 2g
æ 10 + 20 ö
\ ç ÷ (t) = 135 Þ t = 9s æ 1ö
è 2 ø Þ q = tan–1 çè ÷ø
2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 37
r
dx r Dr (13 - 2)iˆ + (14 - 3)jˆ 11 ˆ ˆ
23. v= = 0 + 12 - 3t2 = 0 Þ t = 2s 30. v avg = = = (i + j)
dt Dt 5-0 5

t = 2s, yu dv
31. v = b x–2n so = – 2nb x–2n–1
dx
dv
«rík«ðuøk = - = - ( -6t ) = 12m / s2 dv
dt nðu a = v = (bx–2n) (–2nb x–2n–1)
dx
Þ a = –2nb2 x–4n–1
2u2 sin q cos q u 2 sin 2 q
24. R = Hmax Þ =
g 2g

Þ tan q = 4 Þ q = tan–1(4) 10 km/h A

32.
r r r
25. v = u + at = (2iˆ + 3j)
ˆ + (0.3iˆ + 0.2ˆj)(10) = 5iˆ + 5ˆj

100km
10 km/h O
r
íkuÚke v = 5 2 units

/h
45°

km
B

2
10
26. P = mv = m 2gh Þ P µ h

=
A
vB
Pf - Pi h2 - h1
´ 100% = × 100
Pi h1 r
v BA = 102 + 102 = 10 2 kmph

é h2 ù
ytíkh OB = 100 cos45°= 50 2 km
ì ü
= ê - 1ú × 100 = ïí æ 200 ö - 1ïý × 100
h
ëê 1 úû ç ÷
ïî è 100 ø ïþ A y™u B ðå[u LÞq L kík{ yt í kh fkÃkðk ÷køkíkku Mk{Þ
50 2 50 2
B= r =
= ( 2 – 1) × 100 = 0.414 × 100 ; 41% v BA 10 2
t = 5 hrs.
1 ( )2 1 1 33. çku fýku yÚkzkÞ íku {kxu yufLkk MkkÃkuûk ðuøkLke rËþk çkeò fýLke
g 5 , h2 = g (10 ) – g ( 5 )
2 2
27. h1 =
2 2 2 MkkÃkuûku, çkeò fýLkk MkkÃkuûk MÚkkLkLke rËþk{kt yux÷u fu
r r
r1 - r2
1 1 r r ® fý 2 Lke MkkÃkuûku fý 1 Lkk MkkÃkuûk MÚkkLkLke rËþk
y™u h3 = g (15 ) – g (10 )
2 2 r1 - r2
2 2
r r
v 2 - v1
h 2 h3 & vr - vr ® fý 1 Lke MkkÃkuûku fý 2 Lkk ðuøkLke rËþk
Þ h1 = = 2 1

3 5
r r r r
r1 - r2 v 2 - v1
28. vx Mk{kLk hnuþu ßÞkhu vy Q÷xkþu ykÚke A y™u B ™e yÚkzk{ý {kxu r r = r r
r1 - r2 v 2 - v1
r
íkuÚke v B = 2iˆ - 3ˆj
ds
34. v = At + Bt2 Þ = At + Bt 2
dt
u 2 sin2q
29. yðrÄ = so g µ u2 s 2
g Þ ò ds = ò (At + Bt )dt
2

0 1

2
A 2 B 3A 7B
íkuÚke gplanet = æç 3 ö÷ (9.8 m / s2 ) = 3.5 m/s2 Þs= (2 - 12 ) + (23 - 13 ) =
2
+
3
è5ø 2 3
38 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
35. xP(t) = at + bt2 xQ(t) = ft – t2 Þ q = 30° Ãkrù{
vP = a + 2bt vQ = f – 2t 39. v2 = u2 – 2as
as vP = vQ
u2 u2
f -a Þ s= =
a + 2bt = f – 2t Þ t = 2a 2g sin q
2(1 + b)

36. V1 ® r«íkeLkku ðuøk x1 sin q2 sin 30° 1/ 2 x1 1

= = = Þ =
x2 sin q1 sin60° 3/2 x2 3
V2 ® yuMfu÷uxhLkku ðuøk
l ® ðuøk
2h
40. t=
l a rel
l =
t t
= 12
t=
V1 + V2 l l t1 + t2
+ çktLku fuMk{kt arel = g – 0 = g.
t1 t 2
íkuÚke t1 = t2
37. vx = 5 – 4t, vy = 10
ax = –4, ay = 0 d 100
41. t= = = 2s
r v rel 50
a = a xˆi + a yˆj

r 1 1
a = -4iˆ m/s 2 s y = - gt2 = - ´ 10 ´ 4 = -20
2 2
38. v = 20 m/s
u = 10 m/s \ Ÿ[kE = 180 m

fw÷ MÚkkLkktíkh x+x

u 42. Mkhuhkþ ðuøk = =
fw÷ Mk{Þ x
+
x
v
v1 v2
q

2 2 1 1
u 10 1 Þ v= Þ = +
sin q = = = 1 1 v v1 v 2
v 20 2 +
v1 v 2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 39

EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) Master Your Understanding

1. (v–t) yk÷u¾Lkwt ûkuºkV¤ = MÚkkLkktíkh 1 2 1
x = 2 + 8t – 4t2 4. h= gt yLku h – 20 = g(t – 1)2
2 2
dx
v= = 8 - 8t
dt 1 2 1 2 g
gt – 20 = gt – gt +
2 2 2
v(m/s)

8 g
gt = 20 +
2
10 t = 20 + 5 r t = 2.5
2
1
t(s) 1 2 1
0 h= gt = × 10 × (2.5)2
2 2
= 5 × 6.25 = 31.25 m
–8
5. v

t = 0 Úke t = 2 sec fkÃku÷ ytíkh

vmax
1 1
= ´ 1´ 8 + ´1 ´ 8 = 4 + 4 = 8 m
2 2
s 2s 3s
2. çkeò ÃkÚÚkhLkku þYykíkíkLkku ðuøk 2nd stone.
t
v2 = u2 + 2as. ðkÃkhíkk t1 t2 t3
0 = u2 – 2g(4h)
(v-t) yk÷u¾ ûkuºkV¤ = MÚkkLkktíkh
Þ u= 8gh
1
I stone rLkÞr{ík «ðuøk {kxu s= ´ t1 ´ v max
2
u=0
nðu, drel = h, u rel = 8gh + 0 = 8gh 2s
t1 = ....(1)
v max
d rel rLkÞr{ík ÍzÃk {kxu 2s = t2 × vmax
h arel = 0 íkuÚke t = Lkku WÃkÞkuøk fhíkkt
u rel 2s
t2 = ...(2)
v max
u = 8 gh h h
II stone t= = 1
8gh 8g rLkÞr{ík «rík«ðuøk {kxu 3s = ´ t 3 ´ v max
2
u 6s
t asc = t3 = ....(3)
3. v max
g t-t1 t-t1
P r
v avg =
MÚkkLkktíkh =
s + 2s + 3s
\ yk [ku¬Mk ®çkËwLke WÃkh íkhíkVLke t1 fw÷ Mk{Þ t1 + t 2 + t 3
{wMkkVhe ËhBÞkLkLkku Mk{Þ
6s 6s 6v max
= = =
2s 2s 6s 10s 10
éu ù + +
= (t asc - t1 ) = ê - t1 ú v max v max v max v max
ëg û
r 6
v avg = ´ v max íkuÚke
10
\ fw÷ Mk{Þ = 2 éê u - t1 ùú
r
ëg û v avg 3
=
v max 5
40 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
6. Äkhku fu Lke[uLke rËþk ½Lk Au. r
9. v x = 10iˆ
1 2 r r
h = – ut1 + gt ...... (1) v y = -10jˆ t = 1.5 sec. a = - gjˆ = -10jˆ
2 1
r
( u y ) = -10jˆ – ( -10jˆ ) × (1.5)
1 2 r
h = ut2 + gt ....... (2) Þ u y = 5 ĵ
2 2
r
Mk{e.(1) Lku t2 ðzu økwýíkk yLku Mk{e.(2) Lku t1 økwýíkkt u = 10iˆ + 5ˆj Þ ur = 5 5 m/s

1 2 uy 1
ht2 = –ut1t2 + gt t ........ (3) 10. tan q = =
2 1 2 ux 2

1 2 v 2y - u2y 102 - 52
ht1 = ut2t1 + gt t ....... (4) 11. H= = = 3.75 m
2 21 2g 2 ´ 10
Lkku Mkhðk¤ku fhíkkt eqn. (3) & (4)
12. vIG = 2 + 4 = 6m/s çkuÕxLke rËþk{kt
1 2 1 2
ht1 + ht2 = gt1 t2 + gt t 13. tAB = tBA fkhfý fu çkuÕx ÃkèkLke MkkÃkuûku SðzkLkku ðuøk y[¤
2 2 21
hnuþu.
1
Þ h(t1 + t 2 ) = gt1t 2 (t1 + t 2 ) 60
2 14. tAB = tBA = = 15 sec.
4
1
Þ h= gt t ......... (5) 15. sµ t
2 12
s = kt1/2
{wõík ÃkíkLk {kxu ßÞkhu u = 0, íkku.
ds k -1 2
1 v= = t Þ vµt
-1
2
h = gt2 ....... (6) dt 2
2
Mk{e. (5) y™u (6) ÃkhÚke
1 2 1
a= =
dt 2 dt
t ( )
dv k d -1 2 = k æ - 1 ö t -3 2 = - k t -3 2
2 çè 2 ÷ø 4
gt = gt t Þ t = t1 t 2
2 2 12
( ) Þ aµv
3
-3 -1 3
aµt 2
Þaµ t 2
2
(u sin q)
7. H=
2g 16. «Úk{ '5' sec.{kt
1
/s 10 = u × 5 + a × 52
m 2
56
u= 4 = 2u + 5a ........ (1)
H=40m

1
20 = u × 8 + a × 82
2
2gH 2 ´ 9.8 ´ 40 1 5 = 2u + 8a ........ (2)
sin q = = = r q = 30°
u 56 2 Mk{e.(1) yLku Mk{e.(2) Wfu֒kk
8. (vy)B = v sin 60° = v 3 / 2 7 1
u= m/s, a= m/s2
6 3
(vy)A = 2v sin 30° = v
SNext 2S
= S10 – S8
(vy)A > (vy)B
So TA > TB æ7 1 1 ö
= ç ´ 10 + ´ ´ 102 ÷ – (10 + 10) = 8.3 m
è 6 2 3 ø
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 41
17. at t = 8 sec yu r t = 4sec (t = –2 þõÞ LkÚke)

fkÃku÷ fw÷ ytíkh

18. Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = ÷eÄu÷ fw÷ Mk{Þ

10m/s
v v
çkòh íkhV {wMkkVhe {kxu
s=40m

a=1.25
ytíkh 2.5 1
t1 = = = 0.5 h = h = 30 min
ÍzÃk 5 2
çkòhÚke ÃkkAk Vhíke ð¾íkLke {wMkkVhe ËhBÞkLk
VwøøkkLke Ÿ[kE
çkkfe Mk{Þ = (40 – 30) = 10 min
1
h = 0 + × 1.25× (8)2 = 40m 7.5 ´ 10
2 ytíkh = ðuøk × Mk{Þ = = 1.25 km
60
8 çkkË VwøøkkLkku ðuøk
vb = 0 + 1.25 × 8 = 10 m/s (WÃkh íkhV) 2.5 + 1.25 3.75 ´ 60
Mkhuhkþ ÍzÃk = = km/h
40 / 60 40
ÃkÚÚkhLku Akuzíkk íkuLkku þYykíkLkku ðuøk Mk{kLk nþu.i.e., 10
m/sec ( WÃkh íkhV ) íku Ú ke íku 5m WÃkh íkhV sþu . 375 ´ 6 45
= = km/h
4 ´ 100 8
é u2 10 ´ 10 ù
êh = = = 5m ú y™u 5m ÃkkAku ykðþu yLku
19. «Úk{ Ëzk {kxu WœÞLk Mk{Þ 4 sec, fhíkk ðÄw nþu.
ë 2g 2 ´ 10 û
40 m Lke[u íkhV ykðþu. 2u u
T > 4 sec Þ > 4 Þ > 2 Þ u > 2g
íkuÚke ÃkÚÚkh ðzu fÃkkÞu÷ ytíkh g g

= 40 + 5 + 5 = 50 m Þ u > 2 × 9.8 Þ u > 19.6 m/s

yLku ÃkÚÚkhLkwt MÚkkLkktíkh 40m Lke[u íkhV Au.
nðu òu {wMkkVheLkku Mk{Þ t nkuÞ íkku.
1 2
h = ut + at
2
1
Þ 40 = –10t + × 10 × t2
2
r 8 = – 2t + t2
r t2 – 2t – 8 = 0
(t – 4) (t + 2) = 0
42 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
Solutions Newton's Law of Motion
6. F = n × mV
BEGINNER'S BOX-1
72 dyne = F 50
200 = n × ´ 1000
1000
60°
1. n = 4 bullets/sec
9 gm
= (4 × 60) = 240 bullets/min
Mk{rûkríks rËþk{kt 7. økku¤e ðzu çktËwf = økku¤eLkk ðuøk{kLkLkk VuhVkhLkku Ëh
r r
F = ma ÷køkwík çk¤
Fcos 60° = 9a 60 sec ® 400 bullet
1 60
72 × = 9a; a = 4 cm/s2 1 bullet = sec.
2 400
2. F = ma
– 50 = 20 × a 60
t= s, m = økku¤eLkwt ˤ
400
-5 -2
a= ms
2 m(v - u) 35 400
F= = ´ ´ 400 = 93.33 N
v = u + at t 1000 60
5
t ; t = 6 sec
sYhe çk¤ = çktËwf Ãkh çk¤ = 93.33 N
15 =
2 8. I = F.t ; I = 10 × 3 × 10–6 = 3 × 10–5 N-s
3. v = u + at 3.5 = 2 + 25 a I = DP Þ 3 × 10–5 = 5 × 10–3 Dv
3 3
a= ms -2 ´ 10-2 = 6 × 10–3 m/s
50 Dv =
5
3´3
F = ma F= = 0.18 N 9. F = ma
50
ÃkËkÚkoLke økríkLke rËþk{kt 6 1
= ´a
8N 10 4
Fnet
q 2.4 = a («rík«ðuøk )
4. v = u + at
5 kg 6N u = at

Fnet = 24
82 + 62 = 10 N 12 = ´ t Þ t = 5sec
10
Fnet = ma Þ 10 = 5a
I = F × t = 3 N-s
2 4 r r
a = 2 m/s , cosq = , q = 37° from 8 N 10. vf = vi = 15 m/s I = m (v f - v i )
5

5. v i = 2 ´ 9.8 ´ 10 = 14 m/s I = m v 2f + (v i )2

vf = 2 ´ 4.9 ´ 10 = 7 2 m/s 15
I= ´ 15 2 = 3.1815 (N-s)
vi = s{eLk Ãkh yÚkzkÞk Ãknu÷kLkku ðuøk 100
vf = s{eLk Ãkh yÚkzkÞk çkkËLkku ðuøk
11. yk½kík = ò [Link] = F – t yk÷u¾Lkku 4 ms Úke 16 ms ðå[uLkwt
r r r r
I = DP = Pf - Pi ûkuºkV¤
I = 1 ´ [7 2 - ( -14)] 1 1
= (200 + 800) ´ 2 ´ 10 -6 + ´ 800 ´ 10 ´ 10-6
I = 14 + 7 2 = 23.898 Ns 2 2
= 10–3 + 4 × 10–3
I
<F> = = 238.98 N = 5 × 10–3 Ns
T
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 43
A B C D E
BEGINNER'S BOX-2 3. P m m m m m
v
P
P = 5 ma; a =
A B 5m
1. 20
P P
P – FAB = ´m FDE = ´m
C 5m 5m
0 1 2 10 12 14 t 4P P
= FAB FDE=
O – A {kxu r÷^xLkku «ðuøk = 10 = g 5 5

g FAB FBC
BC ËhBÞkLk r÷^xLkku «ðuøk = –5 m/s = – 2
2 3P
FAB – FBC = P/5 Þ FBC =
5
{kýMkLkwt ðsLk = s{eLk ðzu ÷køkíkw ÷tçk çk¤
P 2P
N FCD = ´ 2m =
5m 5
M BEGINNER'S BOX-3

T1 T2 T3
Mg
(i) At t = 1 sec 2 3 5
1.
a = 10 m/s2
2g T1 + 3g T2 + 5g
N – Mg = Mg
T1 = 2g
N = 2Mg
T2 = T1 + 3g Þ T2 = 5g
W = 2Mg = 20 M T3 = T2 + 5g Þ T3 = 10g
(ii) at t = 8 sec. T1 : T2 : T3 = 2 : 5 : 10
a=0 N = Mg 2.
N = Mg = 10 M M
T= (L - Y)g
(iii) at t = 12 L

a = – 5 m/s2, Mg – N = 5 M; N = 5M
L ÷tçkkE ® mass M
3 kg 5 kg M
2. ®
10 N 2 kg L

ºkýuÞ ç÷kufLkku «ðuøk Mk{kLk nþu íkuÚke íkuLku yf MktÃkqýo ç÷kuf L - Y Lkwt ˤ M
÷tçkkE = (L - Y)
íkhefu ÷E þfkÞ suLkwt ˤ 10 kg (2 + 3 + 5) nkuÞ L
F = ma; 10 = 10a; a = 1 m/s2
3.
2
1 m/s
(i) 2 kg
10 N N1

10 – N1 = 2; N1 = 8 N

(ii) N1 3 kg N2 TQ – (1.9 + 0.2 + 2.9)g = (1.9 + 0.2 + 2.9) a

TQ = 5 × 10
N1 – N2 = 3 TP
TQ = 50 N
8 – N2 = 3 P
0.1 kg
N2 = 5 N
TP – 3g = 3a; TP = 30 N 2.9kg
44 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
A B 'C 9.
F
4.
x L–x
20 – 10 = (6 + 4)a
Mx
ˤ = a = 1 m/s2 20 – T = 6 × 1
L
F = ma FBD of AB T = 14 N
a hezªøk = 14 N
F T
a=
M A x B BEGINNER'S BOX-4
Mx æ F ö Fx
T= ´ç ÷ T= (10 - 5)g
L è Mø L 1. a=
10 + 5
5. F1 – F2 = Ma
g
F - F2 a=
3
a= 1 F2 F1
M
2 ´ 5 ´ 10
Ts = g
Mx (F - F2 ) 5 + 10
F1 – T = × 1
L M
20
x = g
T = F1 + (F2 – F1 ) 3
L
M 40
6. –T + Mg = g TP = 2Ts = g
2 3

Mg
T= ; T = 25 N 2.
2

m1 T T m2
7. P

P = (m1 + m2)a 1kg

5kg
P
a= m +m
1 2
2 ´ 5 ´1 æ 10 ö
F = 2T; T= g = ç g÷ N
T = m2a 5+1 è 6 ø

Pm2
T = (m + m ) æ 10 ö 10
1 2 F= ç g÷ N hezªøk = kg-wt
è 3 ø 3
8. 24 cos 60 = (5 + 5 + 2)a
(2 + 2 - 2)
a = 1 m/s2 3. ablock g = g/3
2+2+2
1m/s 2
TA = 5 × a Þ TA = 5N 2g
TA 5 T1 – 2g = T1
3 T1
2kg
24 cos 60° – TC = 5 × a
8g
2
1m/s 2kg
TC = 7 N T1 = N
24cos60° 5kg TC 3
TB – TA = 1a T2
2g 4g 2kg
TB = 6N 2g – T2 = ; T2 = N
3 3
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 45

÷eMkwt
4.

5g g
a= =
10 + 5 3
g
T = 10 ´
3
10g
T=
3
46 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
F = 25 N µN
3. F=5N 3. N tanq =
N
q
5N f = mg tan q = µ
0.1 kg µN F
f = 1N N=W
(< fL= ie 2.5 N) W µN = F
fL = uN W tan q = F
= 0.5 × 5
= 2.5 N 4. LÞqLk¥k{ ®f{ík {kxu Mk{ík÷{kt ½»koý QÃkhLke rËþk{kt nþu.
4. v2 = u2 + 2as
8 × 8 = 2 × 40 × a fw÷ ¾U[ký çk¤ = 0
a = 0.8 m/s2
µN = ma
N = mg
a
µ= Þ µ = 0.0816
g q
sin
æ 30 - 20µg ö 22 g
M
5. a = çè ÷ a= m/s2
20 + 3 ø 23
30 – T = 3a Mg sinq = T + µMg cosq
66
30 – T = T = mg
23
626
T= = 27.13 N mmin = M (sinq – µcos q)
23

{n¥k{ ®f{ík {kxu ½»koý Lke[uLke rËþk{kt ÷køkþu.

6. µN µN = mg
Mg sinq + µMg cosq = T
N N = ma
T = mg
g
a=
mg µ mmax = M(sin q + µ cosq )

BEGINNER'S BOX-7
BEGINNER'S BOX-8
1. N N = mg cos q
m µN µN = mgsinq 100 N µ S = 0.6
tanq = µ 10 Kg. µ K = 0.4
mgsinq mgcosq 1 1. 40 Kg.
q tan q = Slab ÷eMkwt
3
q = 30°
Fmax 60
2. heÃkkuÍ fkuý q = 30° N
40 kg {k {n¥k{ «ðuøk = = = 1.5m / s2
40 40
µ = tan q µN
òu íku yk yuf MkkÚku økrík fhuíkku
1
µ= 100
3 Mgsin60° Mgcos60° «ðuøk = = 2 m/s2
N = Mg cos 60° 60° 10 + 40
Mgsin 60° – µN = Ma íkuÚke íkuyku yufMkkÚku økrík Lkne fhu yLku MkhfðkLke þYykík
1 Úkþu.
Mg sin 60° – Mg cos 60° = Ma
3 µ k ´ 9.8 ´ 10
40 kgLkku «ðuøk = = 0.98 m/s2
æ 3 40
1 ög=a
çè 2 - ÷ 10 kg ˤ {kxu
2 3ø
g 10 100 – 0.4 × 10 × 9.8 = 10a
a= = m/s2
3 3 a = 6.08 m/s2
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 47
0.3 = µ 3. F = Ma
A 3kg F = 65 N
2. 0.6 = µ
B 6kg 30 N mamax = fr = 65 × 0.2 × 9.8
amax = 1.96 m/s2
ç÷kuf økrík Lkne fhu fu{ fu 30 N çk¤ B y™u xuçk÷ ðå[uLkk
{n¥k{ ½»koýçk¤ fhíkk ykuAw Au.
9kg 30 N
f max = 0.6 × 9 × 10 = 54 N
íkuÚke A y™u B ðå[u ½»koýçk¤ = 0 (MkkÃkuûk{kt Mkhfþu Lknª)
EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) Build Up Your Understanding

1. LÞqxLkLkku «Úk{ rLkÞ{ 17. ðsLk yu økwhwíðkf»keo çk¤ Au.

2. Fnet = 0, a = 0 F
18. a=
m
3. Fnet = ma, Fnet = y[¤, a = y[¤
F
v2 - 0 = 2 ´d
60 - 0 m
4. a= F
1 v2 = 2 ´d
m
\ F = 5 × 60 N
æ 5 ´ 104 ö
F = 0 («ðuøk þqLÞ nkuðkÚke) v2 = 2 ç ´3
5. ç 3 ´ 107 ÷÷
è ø
1
4 v2 =
6. F = 2´ = 4N 100
2
1
d2 x v= = 0.1 m/s
7. F = Ma Þ a= 10
dt2
8. ˆˆˆ†
yk½kík ‡ˆˆ ˆ «íÞk½kík M økwhíw ðkf»koý
9. s{eLk ðzu ÷køkíkw çk¤ ½kuzkLku økrík fhkðþu. 20. =1
M szíðeÞ
ˆˆˆ†
10. yk½kík ‡ˆˆ ˆ «íÞk½kík 21. Fb
m
11. F = m2a2 = m1a1 \ a1 = 2 a2
m1
M g/3
12. ðsLk = mg
\ as g = 0, w = 0
Mg
m 4 Mg
13. a1 = 2 a2 = ´ 2 = 1.6 m/s2 Mg – Fb = ...(1)
m1 5 3
òu m Lku Ëqh fhðk{kt ykðu íkku.
14. çkÄk Mk[k Au.
-2 - 10 -12 Fb
15. a= = = – 3 m/s2
4 4
M–m g/3
F
16. a=
m
(M–m)g
F
v2 - 0 = 2 ´ d
m
g
1 Fb – (M – m)g = (M – m) ...(2)
vµ 3
\
m (1) y™u (2) Lkku Mkhðk¤ku fhíkk.
48 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
M dm
m= 35. 1000 ´ 9.8 + 1000 ´ 4.9 = ´ 2 ´ 10 3
2 dt
dm dm
22. F= ´ v = 0.5 ´ 2 = 1N = 7.35 kg/s
dt dt
dm dm 210
23. F= ´5 36. = = 0.7 kg/s
dt dt 300
F = 1×5 37. F = 1 × 600
\ 2a = 5 600
\ a= = 5 m/s2
5 120
a = = 2.5 m/s2 38. F = n(2mv)
2
10 39. (ðktËhkLkku FBD) T
2´ ´5
Favg = 1000 = 10N
24.
0.01
mg
25. Dp = ò Fdt = 0 (F-t yk÷u¾Lkwt ûkuºkV¤ þqLÞ Au)
\ T – mg = ma \
Tmax = 250
dp 50
26. F= \ 250 – 200 = ma \ a = = 2.5 m/s2
dt 20
27. Dp = 2 mv cosq r r r r
40. I = Dp = p f - pi
dp dm = 0 – 0.2 = –0.2 kg ms–1
F= = (2v cos q)
dt dt 41. r÷^x Lke[u íkhV «ðurøkík ÚkðkLke yk¼kMke çk¤ QÃkh íkhV
÷køkþu.
42. ðuøk{kLk{kt VuhVkh = çk¤ × Mk{Þ
= 10 × 10 = 100 kg-m/s.
t Mk{Þ{kt ûkuºkV¤{ktÚke ÃkMkkh Úkíkwt ˤ dm
43. çk¤íkýLku çk¤íkk ÷køkíkku LÞqLkík{ Ëh
v × t × a × d = m ...(1) dt
LkkLkk ½xf {kxu dm
\ mg = u
dm dt
\ = vad \ F = 2av2d cosq
dt dm mg 1000 ´ 10
28. ÃkÚÚkhLkk szíðLku fkhýu WíÃkLLk Úkíkk «íÞk½kíkLku fkhýu Eò or, = = = 100 kg/s.
dt u 100
ÚkkÞ Au. 44. çk¤ F = ðuøk{kLk{kt Úkíkku VuhVkhLkku Ëh

0.2 ´ 20 m [ v 2 - v1 ]
29. F= = 8N =
0.5 t

2gh1 + 2gh2 (0.150) [60 - ( -40)]

30. a= = = 3000N.
t (5 ´ 10-3 )
2 ´ 10 ´ 20 + 2 ´ 10 ´ 5 45. (1) Mkk[w Au fu Aêk rMk¬k Ãkh
10
a=
0.01 Ãkkt[ rMk¬k Au su 4 mg Lkwt çk¤
9
íkuLke Ãkh ÷økkzþu.
20 + 10 8
= = 3,000 ms–2 (2) Mkk[w Au. Mkkík{kt rMkMfk Ãkh ºký 7
0.01
rMk¬k Au. íkuÚke 7th {kku rMk¬ku 4mg 6
dv
31. F = m × a = 50 × = 50 × 1 = 50 N Lkw t çk¤ Aêk rMk¬k Ãkh 5
dt
(Lke[u íkhV )÷økkzþu. 4
32. Mg = n × 2mv
(3) Mkk[w Au, (b) {wsçk Aêk rMk¬kLkwt 3
1 × 9.8 = 10 × 2 × 0.05 × v
Mkkík{k rMk¬k Ãkh «íÞk½kíkeçk¤ 4 2
9.8 mg (WÃkh íkhV) 1
v= = 9.8 m/s
1 (3) Mkk[w Au, (b) {w sçk Aêk rMk¬kLkw t Mkkík{k rMk¬k Ãkh
vdm -av 2 «íÞk½kíkeçk¤ 4 mg (WÃkh íkhV)
33. F=- = -av 2 \ a=
dt M (4) ¾kuxw Au 10th {ku rMk¬ku su MkkiÚke QÃkhLkku rMk¬ku Au su íkuLke
100t2 Lke[u hnu÷k çkÄk rMk¬kyku îkhk QÃkh íkhV «íÞk½kík çk¤
34. I= ò Fdt = 500t -
2
= 500t – 50t2 yLkw¼ðþu.
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 49
2mv 57. N–W = ma W
46. Favg = a
t
\ N = ma + W N
2 ´ 140 ´ 10 –3 ´ 39
N yu hezªøk Au.
1.20 ´ 10 –3
Þ 9100 N \ hezªøk = 80 × 5 + 800 = 1200N
47. r£ çkkuze zkÞøkúk{ 58.
m
Fb
a

Zku¤kððk¤k Mk{ík÷Lke MkkÃkuûku m Lkku FBD

N

q
N

os
Mg

ac
m
ma
ma q
fw÷ çk¤ = Mg – Fb = 0 in
mg gs
m
q mgcosq
Fb = WíÃk÷kðf çk¤ mg + masinq
48. Mk{Âûkríks çk¤ rþhku÷tçk çk¤Lku Mktíkwr÷ík fhe þfu Lknª \ mg sinq = ma cosq ..(i)
N = mg cosq + ma sinq ...(ii)
49. LÞqLkík{ íkýkð {kxu nkÚk rþhku÷tçk nkuðk òuEyu. sin q
\ N = mg cosq + m sinq × g ´
50. T3 = 30 N cos q
mg
T2 = 20 + 30 = 50N = 5g N N=
cos q
51. 3mg 59. q
cos
52. T1 cos q = 60 N F
T1cosq
T1 q
F
T1 sin q = 50 q 50N q
q

5 T1sinq
in

tan q = q mg mgcosq + Fsinq

gs

\
m

6 60N
53. T = mg, 2Tcosq = ykf]rík ÃkhÚke ç÷kuf Ãkh ÷tçk «íÞk½kíke çk¤ N = mgcosq
2 mg
+ F sinq.
1 60. ynª m = 60 kg, g = 10 m s–2, a = 2 m s–2
\ cos q = , q = 45°
2
ßÞkhu r÷^x y[¤ «ðuøk a Úke QÃkh òÞ íÞkhu {kýMkLkwt ðsLk
R
54. T cosq = W ; T sinq = R ; tan q = W' = m(g + a) = 60 (10 + 2) = 720 N
W
T2 = R2 + W2 ßÞkhu r÷^x Mk{kLk «ðuøk a Úke Lke[u òÞ íÞkhu {kýMkLkwt ðsLk
r r r
Mktíkw÷Lk {kxu R + T + W = 0 W'' = m (g – a) = 60 (10 –2) = 480 N

55. A y™u B çktLku 4 kg ðkt[þu a g

62. tan q = (a = )
g 2

56. Mk{økú íktºk økwhwíðkf»koýLke yMkh nuX¤ s{eLk íkhV ÃkíkLk fhþu.
m1 y™u m2 Ãkh ykÄkhLkk hk¾íkk ®M«øk Mktfku[kþ Ãký Lknª
y™u rðMíkhþu Ãký Lknª
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 51
84. F = 10 × 4 = 40N
15kg
75. F = 500N 10kgT T
A B 40N 200N
fig.1 20kg

10kg 15kg 160

T' T' F = 500N
A B a= = 8m/s2
20
fig.2
85. rfMMkk (b) {kt íkýkð = 2mg íkuÚke «ðuøk ðÄw nþu.
500 Load W
«uðøk = =20 m/s2 çktLku rfMMkk{kt 86. MA = = =1
25 Effort P
ykf]rík{kt 1 {kt, T = 15 × 20 = 300 N. 87. 3g – T2 = 3 a ...(i)
ykf]rík{kt 2 {kt, T' = 10 × 20 = 200 N. T2 – T1 = 6a ...(ii)
T1 – g = a ...(iii)
76. ðÄu Au.
\ (i), (ii) y™u (iii) Wfu÷íkk
3 2g = 10a
77. a= = 1 m/s2 F=3N
2kg 1kg a = 2 m/s2
3
88. T1 = (12 + 3)a
T1 = 15a ...(i)
F' = ma (for 1 kg body) = 1 N
T2 = 3a ...(ii)
36
78. a= = 1 m/s2 T1 5
36 =
T2 1
T3 – T2 = M3a
\ T2 = 36 – 27 × 1 = 9 N T1 : T2 = 5 : 1
79. m'g – T = m'a ...(i) 60
T = ma ...(ii) 89. a= = 5 m/s2
12
m'g
\ a= TC = 4 × 5 = 20N
(m + m ')
TA = 60 – 6 × 5 = 30N
80. rfMMkk A {kxu
TB = 5 × 5 = 25N
4g – T = 4a ...(i)
T = 5a ...(ii) 150 + 150
90. a= = 20 m/s2
15
4g
\ a=
9 F
91. a=
rfMMkk B {kxuu M+m
M m F
5g – T = 5a ...(iii)
T – 4g = 4a ...(iv) M ÃkhLkwt çk¤ =
g 1
a= 92. Mg ´ = mg
9 2

8g – 4g g M
81. a= = =m
12 3 2
g 10
C {kxu 4g - T = 4 ´ m=
3 2
4 8g 80 m = 5g
T = 4g - ´g = = = 26.6N
3 3 3 200
93. 5= \ «ÞíLk = 40 [Link]
82. ç÷kuf A ÃkkMku Mg sinq Lkwt {qÕÞ ðÄkhu nþu.
\ ç÷kuf A Lke[u økrík fhþu. 94. T
83. Mg sinq – T = Ma 30 kg 50 kg F
T = Ma
g sin q T = 30 × 2 = 60N
\ a=
2
52 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
M F 108. fmax = 0.5 × 5 = 2.5 N
95. T= (L - x) ´
L M f = mg = 0.98 = 0.98 N
F 109. mg sinq = m mgcosq
T = (L – x)
L
sinq = mcosq ...(i)
96. ç÷kufLkku Mk{rûkríks ðuøk Äkhku fu u Au.
æp ö ßÞkhu WÃkh Ĭku {khðk{kt ykðu íÞkhu «ðuøk
u cos ç - q ÷ = v
è 2 ø a = –(gsinq + mgcosq)
v
\ u= = –(gsinq + gsinq) = –2gsinq
sin q
97. Äkhku fu ç÷kuf u ðuøkÚke WÃkh òÞ Au. \ v 2 - v 20 = 2(a) ´ s
u cosq = v
v ytrík{ ðuøk v = 0
\ u=
cos q –v02 = 2as Þ –v02 = 2(–2gsinq)s
98. ½»koýçk¤ yu MktÃkfo ûkuºkV¤ y™u MktÃkfo MkÃkkxeLkk ykfkhÚke
v 20
Mðíktºk Au. \ s=
2(2g sin q)
99. fmax = 20 × 0.4 = 8N
\ f = 2.8N (÷økkzu÷ çk¤) 110. Freq = mg sinq + m mg cosq
100. mg – f = ma 111. a = g sin q – mg cosq
\ f = m(g – a) = 0.25 × (9.8 – 9.2)
= 0.25 × 0.6 = 0.15N æ 1 1 ö 9.8 ´ 0.5 4.9
gç - 0.5 ´ ÷= = m/s2
101. Pseudo force = 15 × 0.5 = 7.5 N è 2 2ø 2 2
fmax = 15 × 10 × 0.18 = 27N
\ f = 7.5 N 112. Q cos q + mg = N

2m m 1 P + Q sinq = mN
102. m ´ g= g Þ m=
3 3 2
P + Q sin q
\ m=
A 2kg µ = 0.2 Q cos q + mg
ç÷kuf B yLku xuçk÷ ðå[u
r÷r{xªøk ½»koý 114. f = mmg cosq
B 8kg 25N = 0.5 × 10 × 10 = 50N
103.
100 1
f = 1.7 ´ ´ 10 ´ = 0.85N
µ = 0.5 1000 2
8 kg Lkku ç÷kuf økrík fhíkku LkÚke. 115. T = 450 N
\ f(A y™u B ðå[u) = 0 45°
T'cos45° = W T T1
F
104. a = ç÷kuf A {kxu T'sin45° = T W
7
F \ W = 450 N
2 ´ = 0.6 ´ 2 ´ 10 Þ F = 42N
7
105. yutøk÷ ykuV heÃkkuMk ÃkkMku ç÷kuf sMx Lke[u MkhfðkLke þYykík 24
116. íktºkLkku «ðuøk = = 4m/s2
4+2
fhþu. ßÞkhu q < yut øk÷ ykuV heÃkkuMk íkku Lke[u íkhV økrík {kxu
çkkÌk çk¤ ÷økkzðwt Ãkzu. Lke[uLkk ç÷kufLke MkkÃkuûku QÃkhLkk ç÷kuf {kxu
v 20
106. 02 - v 20 = 2( -mg) ´ s Þ s= 2kg 4m/s
2
2mg
107. F1 = mg sinq + m mg cos q facting
F2 = mg sinq – m mg cos q
F1 = 2F2 1
fmax = × 20 = 10N
2
\ tanq + m = 2 (tanq – m)
3m = tanq Þ q = tan–1(3m) facting = 2 × 4 = 8N
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 53
117. y[¤ ÍzÃk {kxu «ðuøk þqLÞ nþu. Case II : ÷eMkk Zku¤kððk¤k Mk{ík÷ {kxu
mgsinq = mmgcosq
g
m = tanq as = gsin45° =
2
118. ç÷kuf A y™u MkÃkkxe ðå[u
fL = 0.2 × 20 = 4N 2d
Þ ts =
A Lku rMÚkh hnuðk {kxu as
fL = mBg
«~Lk ÃkhÚke
4 nts = tr Þ n2ts2 = tr2
= mB
g æ 2d ö 2d
n2 çç ÷÷ =
mB = 0.4kg
è g/ 2 ø æ1 – m ög
119. fL = 0.2 × 10 = 2N ç ÷
è 2 ø
1
ç÷kufLku ÂMÚkh hnuðk {kxu n2 =
1–m
fL = ç÷kufLkwt ðsLk 1
Þ m= 1–
\ ç÷kufLkwt ðsLk = 2N n2
120. Zku¤kðLke ÷tçkkE Äkhku fu d Au.
Case I : ¾hçk[zkt Zku¤kððk¤k hMíkk {kxu

g – mg æ1 – m ö
ar = gsin45° – mgcos45° = = ç ÷g
2 è 2 ø

2d
Mkhfðk {kxu ÷køkíkku Mk{Þ (tr) = ar

EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET

Dp 2mv sin 30° m1g – µ(m2 + m3 )g g

1. Favg = = = = (1 - 2µ)
t 0.25 m1 + m2 + m3 3
2 ´ 0.5 ´ 12 1 8. ðuøk{kLk{kt VuhVkh
= ´ ´ 4 = 24N
1 2
r
Dp = ò Fdt
2. F = 6iˆ – 8jˆ + 10kˆ = F-t yk÷u¾Lkwt ûkuºkV¤
r
F = 62 + 82 + 102 1
= ( × 2 × 6) – (3 × 2) + (4 × 3)
2
= 10 2 N = 12 N-s
10 2
m = F/a = = 10 2 kg 9. nðkLkku QÃkh íkhVLkku Ĭku Fa Au íkku Lke[uLke økrík {kxu.
1
mg – Fa = ma
g
3. m ( ma ) ³ mg a³
m QÃkh íkhVLke økrík {kxu (ßÞkhu Dm Ëqh fhðk{kt ykðu.)
4. T = mg + ma = 1000(10+1) = 11000N Fa – (m – Dm)g = (m – Dm)a
5. I = Dp = 2MV
2ma
6. y[¤ ðuøk Þ Fnet = 0 íkuÚke Dm = g + a

7. «ðuøk = økríkLke rËþk{kt fw÷ çk¤

íktºkLkwt fw÷ ˤ
54 Pre-Medical : Physics ALLEN
10. 1 2
a S = ut + at
T 2
mk m1
1 é g mk g 3 ù
Þ 4= ê - ú ´ 16 Þ m k = 0.5
mkm1g 2 ëê 2 2 ûú
T
uuur uuur
13. yk½kík = Dp = m DV = m(2V cos 60°) = mV
m2 a
14. ËkuheLku fkÃkíkk Ãknu÷kt
4mg T
m2g
çktLku ç÷kufLke økrík {kxu A B
m2g – T = m2a
T – mk m1g = m1a
3mg T mg
\ T = mg
(m2 - mk m1 )g
a= ËkuheLku fkÃÞk çkkË :
m1 + m2
4mg
'm2' ˤLkk ç÷kuf {kxu
A B
é m - mk m1 ù
m2 g - T = m2 ê 2 úg
ë m1 + m2 û 3mg mg
4mg - 3mg g
aA = =
é m - mk m1 ù 3m 3
T = m2 g - ê 2 ú m2 g
ë m1 + m2 û mg
aB = =g
m
é m1 + mk m1 ù 15. M÷kEzªøk ½»koýktfLku fkuE Ãkrh{ký LkÚke.
T = m2 g ê m + m ú
ë 1 2 û 16. Vk[hLke MkkÃkuûku £e çkkuze zkÞkøkúk{
macosq

m1m2 (1 + mk )g N
T=
m1 + m2
ma

Fnet
11. íktºkLkku «ðuøk = M q
mgsinq
total

mg
14 q
= = 2 m/s2
4 + 2 +1 macosq = mgsinq Þ a = g tan q
14 N
4kg 2kg 1kg Fyk¼kMke = ma
17. q
4 kg y™u 2 kg ç÷kuf ðå[uLkwt MktÃkfo çk¤ 2 kg Lku 1 kg økrík
mg
fhkðþu y™u 1 kg ç÷kuf Mk{kLk «ðuøkÚke økrík fhu Au. F a
tan q = = zkçke çkksw íkhV
so FMktÃkfo = (2 + 1)a = 3(2) = 6N. mg g
12. ÂMÚkík ½»koýktf
18. N = mg, F = f
1
m s = tan 30° = = 0.6
3 Ãkrhýk{e = N 2 + f 2 = (mg)2 + f 2 £ mg 1 + m2
a = gsin30° – mkg cos30°
 ALLEN Pre-Medical : Physics 55

EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) Master Your Understanding

1. ÷kfzkLkk çkw[Lke ½Lkíkk ÃkkýeLke ½Lkíkk fhíkk ykuAe Au y™u 6. Äkhku fu r÷^xLkku «ðuøk = al
økku¤kLke ½Lkíkk ÃkkýeLke ½Lkíkk fhíkk ðÄw Au. {kæÞ{ fhíkk arel =
2m(g + a l ) – m(g + a l )
2m + m
ðÄw ½Lkíkk Ähkðíkku ÃkËkÚko «ðuøkLke rðhwØ rËþk{kt økrík fhu
m(g + a l )
Au økku¤ku s{ýe íkhV økrík fhþu ßÞkhu ÷kfzkLkwt çkw[ zkçke g/2 =
3m
çkksw. al = g/2 m

® F 2m
2. P 7. a = m +m +m
1 2 3
150° ®
Q m3 Lke MkkÃkuûku m2 ÂMÚkh {kxu
90° m2g = m1a
120°
æ F ö
m2g = m1 ç ÷
è m1 + m2 + m3 ø
®
R
P Q R æ m2 ö
= = F = (m1 + m2 + m3) ç g÷
sin120° sin 90° sin150° è m1 ø
P Q R 8. Ëkuhe{kt íkýkð
= =
3/2 1 1/2 2m1m2 g 2 ´ 2 ´ 1g
T= =
m1 + m2 3
P : Q : R = 3 : 2 :1
Ãkw÷e ÃkhLkku Ĭku
3. Mktíkw÷Lk{kt m ˤLkk ÃkËkÚko Ãkh ÷køkíkk çk¤
r r r r r 8
F,F1 ,F2 ,F3 ,F4 FThrust = g
r r r r r 3
F + F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 = 0 [Mktíkwr÷ík yðMÚkk{kt] \ ®M«øk çku÷ uLMkLkwt yð÷kufLk 3kg–wt fhíkk ykuA wt nku ðw t
r r r r r
Þ F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 = -F ...(i) òuEyu.
r
ÂM«tøkLku F , çk¤Úke fkÃÞk çkkË m ˤ Ãkh ÷køkíkwt fw÷ çk¤ 9. çkË÷kþu Lknª, çktLku ÃkkMku nt{uþk Mk{kLk «ðuøk nþu.
r r
r r r r r r Fnet F 10. (A) {kt T = kx1 = 2g
Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 Þ a = = - [(i) ÃkhÚke]
m m g 12
4. (B) {kt T = kx2 = 3g – 3 × = g
5 5
37° 53°
T1 g 4
37° O 53° (C) {kt T = kx3 = 2g – 2 × = g
3 3
T
200 x1 5x 2 3x 3
= =
2 12 4
÷k{eLkk «{uÞ {wsçk Mktíkw÷Lk{kt r
11. F1 = (3N)iˆ - (4N)ˆj
200 T1
= ykLkku yÚko 3N 1 + x yûkLke rËþk{kt yLku 4N Éý y-yûkLke
sin (180° - 90° ) sin ( 90° + 53° )
rËþk{kt nþu íkuÚke MkrËþ 5 íkuLku hsq fhu Au.
[sin(90°+q) = cosq] r
F2 = -(1N)iˆ - (2N)jˆ
200 T1 ykLkku yÚko 1N Éý x- yûk Ãkh y™u 2N Éý y-yûk Ãkh
= T1 = 120
1 cos53° Úkþu.
Kx = 120 Þ K × 4/100 = 120 íkuÚke MkrËþ 7 íkuLku hsq fhu Au.
K = 3000N/m r
fw÷ çk¤ F = 2iˆ - 6ˆj
5. T1 – mg = m × 2 \ T1 = m × 12
fw÷ çk¤Lkwt {qÕÞ
T2 = mg T2 = m × 10
F = (2 ) + ( -6 ) = 40
2 2 2
mg – T3 = m × 4 T3 = m × 6
T1 : T2 : T3 = 6 : 5 : 3 \ F = 40N