[Link].
College of Engineering and
Technology Mathura
Project Synopsis: Smart Sonar Radar Alert
System Using Arduino Uno
Submitted by:
Aditya Baghel (2200650310001)
Anshul Mishra (2200650310007)
Devesh Pal (2200650310010)
Kaushal (2200650310018)
Submitted to:
Mr. Deepak agrawal (Asst. Prof. E.C.E. Deptt)
Introduction
The Smart Sonar Radar Alert System Using Arduino Uno
is designed as an intelligent embedded security prototype
that performs automatic scanning of the surrounding area
and detects nearby obstacles using ultrasonic sensing
technology. In this project, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor
is mounted on a servo motor which continuously rotates
from 0° to 180°, creating a radar-like scanning movement.
Objective
● To design and develop a smart ultrasonic radar
based surveillance system using Arduino Uno.
● To continuously scan the surrounding area through
servo motor rotation from 0° to 180°.
● To detect the presence of any foreign object or
obstacle within a predefined distance using an HC-
SR04 ultrasonic sensor.
● To provide real-time visual indication of safe and
unsafe conditions using green and red LEDs.
● To generate an audible warning alert through a
buzzer whenever an object is detected in the
restricted zone.
● To display warning and area status messages on the
I2C LCD screen for user monitoring.
● To transmit live angle and distance data from
Arduino Uno to Processing IDE through serial
communication.
● To create a radar-like graphical visualization on a
computer screen for professional real-time
monitoring.
● To build a low-cost and efficient intrusion detection
prototype for educational and security applications.
● To demonstrate the practical integration of
embedded hardware components with software
visualization tools.
Components Used
Hardware Components
1. Arduino Uno
Used as the main microcontroller to control all input
and output devices.
2. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
Used to transmit ultrasonic waves and measure the
distance of nearby objects.
3. SG90 Servo Motor
Used to rotate the ultrasonic sensor from 0° to 180°
for radar scanning.
4. 16x2 I2C LCD Display
Used to display area status and warning messages.
5. Green LED
Used to indicate that the scanned area is safe and no
object is detected.
6. Red LED
Used to indicate object detection or intrusion
warning.
7. Piezo Buzzer
Used to generate an audible alert when a foreign
object is detected.
8. Breadboard
Used for temporary circuit assembly and component
connections.
9. Jumper Wires
Used to connect Arduino pins with all hardware
modules.
10. 220 Ohm Resistors (2 Pieces)
Used for safe current limiting of LEDs.
Software Components
1. Arduino IDE
Used to write, compile, and upload the Arduino
source code.
2. Processing IDE
Used to create a live radar graphical interface on the
laptop screen.
Working Principle
The Smart Sonar Radar Surveillance and Intrusion Alert
System works on the principle of ultrasonic distance
measurement, servo based angular scanning, and real-
time intrusion alert generation.
In this project, the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is mounted
on a servo motor. The servo motor continuously rotates
the sensor from 0 degree to 180 degree, allowing it to
scan the surrounding area in a semicircular pattern
similar to a radar system.
Circuit Description
The circuit of the Smart Sonar Radar Surveillance and
Intrusion Alert System is built around the Arduino Uno,
which acts as the central controlling unit for all input and
output devices. All sensors, indicators, and actuators are
interfaced with the Arduino through digital and analog
pins.
Features
The system performs automatic 0° to 180° scanning
using servo motor.
It detects nearby objects in real time using ultrasonic
sensor.
Green LED indicates safe area and Red LED indicates
object detection.
Buzzer provides instant warning sound during intrusion.
LCD displays live area status messages.
Processing IDE shows graphical radar visualization on
laptop screen.
Applications
● Security and surveillance monitoring
● Smart gate or door intrusion detection
● Obstacle detection in robotics
● Military radar demonstration model
● Industrial restricted area monitoring
Advantages
Low cost and easy to build
Real-time object detection
Audio and visual warning system
Live radar display on computer
Good educational demonstration project
Limitations
Detects objects only within limited range
Ultrasonic sensor accuracy may reduce in noisy
environment
Cannot identify object type
Works only in one semicircular direction
Future Scope
Can be upgraded with long range sensors
Can be connected with GSM/WiFi for remote alert
message
Camera module can be added for live image monitoring
Can be converted into 360° full radar system
Can be used in smart home security applications
Price
Arduino Uno Rs 500
HC-SR04 Rs 200
Breaboard Rs 120
Servo Motor Rs 120
16x2 I2C LCD Display Rs 300
Jumper wire Rs 130
Arduino cable Rs 60
Buzzer Rs 20
LED Rs 40
Conclusion
The Smart Sonar Radar Alert System is a low-cost and
efficient embedded security project that detects nearby
objects and generates instant visual, audible, and
graphical alerts. It successfully integrates Arduino
hardware control with Processing software visualization,
making it a useful prototype for surveillance and
educational applications.